Life Functions test Flashcards
Taking food into the body (for example single cell organisms through membrane)
Ingestion
Breaking down food so It can be used by the organism (example enzymes)
Digestion
The removal of solid waste (ex.poop)
Egestion
Absorption and circulation of materials throughout organism (body) (ex. Xylem up phloem down)
Transport
So process of making energy from nutrients inside the cell
Respiration
The process of removing cellular waste from an organism (example urine or sweat)
Excretion
When small molecules are put to gather to make bigger molecules (example amino acids make protein which makes muscle)
Synthesis
An increase in either sell size or cell number
Growth
How the nervous system controls and coordinates life functions
Regulation Nervous system
Making new organisms like parents not (necessary for individual but for species)
Reproduction
All the chemical reactions carried on by an organism
Metabolism
Maintaining a stable internal environment to cope with the changes in the outside environment
Homeostasis
A nitrogen containing organic compound made of a chain of amino acids
Protein
Building blocks of proteins contain a carboxyl box and variable to side chain
Amino acids
When two or more amino acids combined by dehydration synthesis
Dipeptides
Went three or more amino acids combined together also called a protein
Polypeptide
Facts or oils and waxes
Compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble and solvents
- function in long-term energy storage 1 g of fat stores more than twice as much energy as a gram of carbohydrates
- also an important component of cell membrane
Lipids
Large proteins that act as catalysts for organic reaction
Enzymes
Anything that speeds up a reaction
Organic Catalyst
The substance acted upon by the enzyme
Substrate
The usual three letter ending of an enzyme’s name
Ase
When the material is taken from the environment and used by the organism
Nutrition
A component necessary for the functioning of an enzyme usually a vitamin
Coenzyme
Factors that influence enzyme action
Temperature
Enzyme concentration
PH
Compounds that contain both hydrogen and carbon
Organic
Compounds that do not contain hydrogen and carbon
Ex. plants
Inorganic
The sugars or starters are used as a primary source of energy.
contains H2O in a 1 to 2 ratio
Carbohydrates
Simple or single sugar contain a single sugar hexagon shape
Monosaccharide
Sugar made up of two monosaccharides
Disaccharide
Three or more monosaccharides in Sugar these are starches
Polysaccharide
The process where smaller molecules are combined to form larger ones by losing water
Dehydration synthesis
Breaking Michael’s apart by using water
Hydrolysis (lys means to slice)
structure found in the cell nucleus that is made of DNA and protein. It contains the hereditary information
Chromosomes
Substrate inside the cell that performs a specific function
Organelles
Surrounds the cell selectively rRegulates passage pr materials into and out of the cell ( is semi permeable
Cell membrane/ plasma membrane
The liquid part inside of cell. Organelles float in this material
Cytoplasm
Control center of the cell.
*contians genetic material
Nucleus
Organell inside of nucleus contains RNA
Nucleolus
Sight of protein synthesis
Ribosome
Canals inside the cell that allows intercellular transport
Endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondria
Sight of aerobic respiration. Energy for life functions are produced here.
Golgi apparatus
Involved in the packaging of materials before they are transported outside the cell to the blood stream
Lysosomes
Contain digestive enzymes that add in Intercellular digestion
Centrioles
Used in the cellular division
Vacuoles
Large place inside the cell that stores food and water
Chloroplast
Green Chlorophyll containing organelles found in plant cells. Site of photosynthesis
Cell wall
Found on the outside of plant cells gives plant it’s shape
