Life Cycles and Breeds Flashcards
What is a species?
A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
What results in a breed?
Domestication and selected breeding.
Domesticated goat breeds (4)
- Saanen
- Toggenburg
- Nubian
- Alpine
Why is selected breeding used? (3)
- hair/feather color
- presence of horns
- conformation
What is a purebred?
A result of mating animals within a breed.
Why do we develop breeds? (3)
- To serve a specific purpose (meat, fiber, draft)
- Standardization (knowing expected outcome of breeding)
- Human curiosity
New breeds result from (3)
- selection of specific trait
- crossing existing breeds to capitalize on strengths of parents
- Hybrid vigor
What breeds make up the Santa Gertrudis?
What is the best cross?
Hereford or shorthorn crossed with brahman
3/8 brahman. 5/8 shorthorn
The Santa Gertrudis breed is known as ____?
America’s original beef breed
What do breed associations and registries do? (4)
- track breed history through pedigrees
- minimize inbreeding
- define a “standard of perfection” for a breed
- exist on international level for most mainstream breeds
What is a mainstream breed?
popular and commonly recognized
What is a heritage breed?
A breed with a smaller genetic pool, brought back due to human interest, and dual purpose
Top 3 poultry meat producers (countries)
- USA
- Brazil
- China
Largest egg producer
China
What age is a broiler?
less than 10 weeks
How old is a roaster? What age?
8-12 weeks and more then 5 lbs
How old is a cornish game hen? What age?
Less than 5 weeks and less than 2 pounds
The poultry industry is a ____ _____ industry and ______ are _____
highly integrated; infrastructure requirements; high
Top 3 states of poultry meat production
- Texas
- Arizona
- Georgia
Top 3 states for egg production
- Iowa
- Ohio
- Indiana
Top 3 turkey producer states
- North Carolina
- Minnesota
- Indiana
Top 3 Duck producers
- Indiana
- California
- Pennsylvania
What chicken breeds do you cross to get a cornish cross?
Female: white plymouth rock or new hampshire strains
Male: cornish
White Leghorn
White eggs, feed efficient
What chicken breeds lay brown eggs? (4)
- Rhode Island Reds
- Barred Plymouth Rock
- White Plymouth Rock
- Cornish
What is a bantam?
A chicken that is 2-=25% smaller than a regular chicken
What caused the cattle industry collapse?
- Harsh winters
- Overgrazing
- Droughts
Top 3 beef cattle states
- Texas
- Oklahoma
- Missouri
Top 3 dairy cattle states
- California
- Wisconsin
- Idaho
