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FARMAKOLOGIA > lieky > Flashcards

lieky Flashcards

1
Q

Monoklonálne protilátky

A

infliximab
omalizumab
basiliximab

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2
Q

Orphan drugs

A

choroba - pľúcna HT
liek - Sildenafil (Viagra)

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3
Q

Induktory cytochrómu p450

A

zvyšujú aktivitu cytochrómu: P CRABS
P - Phenytoin
C – Carbamazepine
R – Rifampicin
A – Alcohol (chronic)
B – Barbiturates
S – St. Johns Wort (ľubovník bodkovaný)

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4
Q

Inhibítory cytochrómu p450

A

znižujú aktivitu cytochrómu: G PACMAN
G – Grapefruit juice
P – Protease inhibitors
A – Azole antifungals
C – Cimetidine
M – Macrolids (okrem azythromicínu)
A – Amyodaron (antiarytmikum) – najčastejšia interakcia s warfarínom
N – Non – Dihydropiridine Ca Channel blockers

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5
Q

antidotum paracetamolu

A

adenylcysteín

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6
Q

antidotum myorelaxansu

A

Neostigmín

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7
Q

antidotum organofosfátov

A

Atropín

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8
Q

antidotum ópioidov

A

Naloxón

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9
Q

antidotum benzodiazepínu

A

Flumazenil

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10
Q

antidotum warfarínu

A

vitamín K

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11
Q

antidotum heparínu

A

protamín

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12
Q

antidotum dabigatranu

A

idarucizumab

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13
Q

antidotum aspirínu

A

zásada

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14
Q

antidotum amfetamínu

A

kyselina

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15
Q

antidotum amoniaku pri portosystémovej encefalopatii

A

laktulóza

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16
Q

tylenol

A

kodeínové analgetikum

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17
Q

ópioidy

A

morfín
heroín
kodeín

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18
Q

Hypnosedatíva, anxiolytiká

A

barbituráty

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19
Q

Benzodiazepíny

A

diazepam

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20
Q

TCA – Tricyklické antidepresíva

A

Imipramín
Clomipramín
Doxepín

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21
Q

iMAO – Inhibítory monoaminooxidázy

A

Selektívne iMAO-B (↑dopamín)
Selegilín
Rasagilín
Neselektívne iMAO-A+B (↑NO+DO+SER)
Izokarboxazid
Fenelzín
Tranylcypromín

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22
Q

SSRI – Selektívne inhibítory spätného vychytávania
serotonínu

A

Citalopram

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23
Q

SNRI – Inhibítory spätného vychytávania serotonínu
a noradrenalínu

A

Duloxetín
Venlafaxín

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24
Q

Atypické antidepresíva

A

Nefadozón
Mirtazapín
Bupropión
Tradazón

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25
Q

Typické antipsychotiká

A

Haloperidol

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26
Q

Atypické antipsychotiká

A

Risperidon

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27
Q

Antiepileptiká (antikonvulzíva)

A

Kyselina valproová (Valproát sodný)
Phenytoín
Phenobarbital
Carbamazepín

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28
Q

Lítium

A

Tymoprofylaktikum
Antiepileptikum
Antikonvulzívum

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29
Q

hypnotiká 1. generácie

A

Barbituráty (Tiopethal, Pentobarbital, Phenobarbital)

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30
Q

anxiolytiká

A

Benzodiazepíny (Chlordiazepoxid, Diazepam, Xanax)

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31
Q

hypnotiká 2. generácie

A

Benzodiazepíny (Flurazepam, Temazepam, Triazolam)

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32
Q

Parkinson

A

Levodopa
Bromokriptín
Selegilín
Benzotropín

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33
Q

Alzheimer (Inhibítory ACTCH esterázy)

A

Donepezil
Rivastigmín
Alantamín

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34
Q

Alzheimer (Parciálne antagonisty receptora NMDA)

A

Memantín

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35
Q

Diabetes mellitus I. typ

A

Exogénny inzulín

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36
Q

Diabetes mellitus II. typ

A

Exogénny inzulín
Orálne antidiabetiká (Metformín)

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37
Q

Hormonálna Antikoncepcia

A

Monofázická – Dienorette
Trifázická – TriMinule

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38
Q

Sympatolytiká α – SL

A

neselektívne (Fentolamín, Fenoxybenzamín)
selektívne (Prazosín α1, Tamsulozín α)

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39
Q

β – SL = β Blokátory

A

Selektívne (Metoprolol, Biseprolol)
neselektívne (Karvedilol)

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40
Q

α1β1α2β2 Sympatomimetikum

A

Adrenalín

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41
Q

α1α2β1 Sympatomimetikum

A

Noradrenalín

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42
Q

Parasympatomimetiká (priame)

A

Betanechol
Karbachol
Metacholín
Pilokarpín

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43
Q

Parasympatomimetiká (nepriame)

A

Organofosfáty (Pesticídy)
Karbamáty

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44
Q

Parasympatolytiká

A

Atropín
Oxybutynín
Ipratropium
Tiotropium
Benztropín

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45
Q

Antihypertenzíva 1. voľby
Tiazidové diuretiká

A

Hydrochlorotiazid

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46
Q

Antihypertenzíva 1. voľby
Beta – blokátory

A

Selektívne – blokujú iba β1 (Metoprolol, Biseprolol)
Hybridné - β1 + α1 (Karvedilo)

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47
Q

Antihypertenzíva 1. voľby
Blokátory Ca2+ kanálov

A

diHydropyridíny – Amlodipín, Nifedipín
nondiHYdropyridíny – Diltiazem, Verapamil

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48
Q

Antihypertenzíva 2. voľby
Periférne sympatolytiká

A

Prazosín (a1 antagonista)
Labetalol (a1 + B antagonista)

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49
Q

Antihypertenzíva 2. voľby
Centrálne pôsobiace liečivá (na CNS)

A

Metyldopa
Klonidín

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50
Q

Antihypertenzíva 2. voľby
Priame vazodilatanciá

A

Hydralazín
Minoxidil

51
Q

Liečivá používané pri ICHS

A

Glyceroltrinitrát (nitroglycerín)
Beta-blokátory
Blokátory Ca2+ kanálov

52
Q

Liečivá ovplyvňujúce RAAS

A

Perindopril

53
Q

Inhibítory ACE

A

Captopril
Perindopril

54
Q

Inhibítory AT1 receptora

A

Losartan
Valsartan

55
Q

Blokátory Ca2+ kanálov

A

Amlodipín

56
Q

Glykozidové kardiotoniká (intoxikácia kardiotonikami)

A

Digoxín

57
Q

kardiotoniká (intoxikácia kardiotonikami) β1 agonisti

A

Dobutamín

58
Q

kardiotoniká (intoxikácia kardiotonikami) Inhibítory fosfodiesteráz

A

Milrinón

59
Q

Antiarytmiká

A

Amiodarón

60
Q

Antiarytmiká (Trieda IA, Trieda IB, Trieda IC)

A

Quinidín

61
Q

Antiarytmiká (II. Trieda)

A

Metoprolol

62
Q

Antiarytmiká (III. Trieda)

A

Amiodaron

63
Q

Antiarytmiká (IV. Trieda)

A

Verapamil

64
Q

Diuretiká

A

Furosemid
Indapamid
Spironolaktón

65
Q

Hypolipidemiká

A

Atorvastatín
Simvastatín
Cholestyramin
Niacín
Fenofibrát
Ezetimib

66
Q

Antitusiká kodeínového typu

A

kodeín

67
Q

Antitusiká nekodeínového typu

A

Butamirát

68
Q

Protusiká

A

Mukolytikum N-acetylcysteín

69
Q

Protusiká

A

Sekretomotorikum Guajfenezín

70
Q

Astma

A

symptomatická liečba - albuterol, formoterol, Budezonid..)

71
Q

Astma - ihalačné glukokortikoidy

A

Budezonid
Betametazón
Dexametazón
Triamcinolon

72
Q

Protizápalové lieky Astma

A

Budezonid
Betametazón
Dexametazón
Triamcinolon
Kromóny - Kromoglykát
Antileukotrieniká - Montelukast
Anti IgE Ab - Omalizumab

73
Q

H1 – antihistaminiká (1. Generácia)

A

Difehydramín
Dimenhydrinát
Chlórfeniramín

74
Q

H1 – antihistaminiká (2. Generácia)

A

Fexofenadín
Desloratadín
Cetirizín

75
Q

H1 – antihistaminikum 3. generácie

A

Levocetirizín

76
Q

Terapia anafylaktického šoku

A
  1. Adrenalín
  2. Volať 112
  3. Glukokortikoidy, H1-antihistaminiká
    Inhalačné bronchodilatanciá
77
Q

Centrálne myorelaxanciá

A

Nebenzodiazepínové – Baclofen
Benzodiazepínové – Diazepam

78
Q

Periférne myorelaxanciá

A

Nedepolarizujúce - Atracurium, Vecuronium, Rocuronium
Depolarizujúce - Sukcinylcholín

79
Q

NSAIDS – inhibítory COX - Neselektívne

A

Ireveverzibilné - Kyselina acetylsalicylová AA (Aspirín) reverzibilné - Ibuprofén, Diklofenak

80
Q

NSAIDS – inhibítory COX
Selektívne

A

Celekoxib

81
Q

NSAIDS – inhibítory COX
Preferenčné

A

Nimesulid

82
Q

Analgetiká/antipyretiká

A

Paracetamol
Metamizol

83
Q

NSAIDS

A

Ibuprofén
Diklofenak
Aspirín
Celokoxib

84
Q

Ópioidné analgetiká

A

silné - Morfín, Fentanyl, Heroín
slabé - Tramadol, Kodeín

85
Q

Fenantyl

A

analgetikum, anestetikum

86
Q

Morfín

A

analgetikum, obstipancium

87
Q

Kodeín

A

analgetikum, antitusikum

88
Q

Tramadol

A

Analgetikum

89
Q

Bupivakaín

A

lokálne anestetikum

90
Q

Lidokaín

A

lokálne anestetikum

91
Q

Celkové anestetiká - Intravenózne

A

Tiopental
Ketamín

92
Q

Celkové anestetiká - Inhalačné

A

Oxid dusný
Halotán
Izoflurán

93
Q

Liečba zubnej bolesti - 1. Línia

A

NSAIDS, Neópioidné analgetiká (ibuprofen/diklofenak + paracetamol)

94
Q

Liečba zubnej bolesti - 2. Línia

A

Neópioidné analgetiká + slabé opioidy (paracetamol + tramadol)

95
Q

Liečba zubnej bolesti - 3. Línia

A

Silné ópioidy (Morfín, Fentanyl

96
Q

zubné lokálne anestetiká

A

Estery - Prokaín, kokaín, artikaín, tetrakaín, benzokaín
Amidy - Lidokaín, Mepivakaín, Bupivakaín

97
Q

zubné celkové anestetiká (intravenózne)

A

tiopental, ketamín

98
Q

zubné celkové anestetiká (inhalačne)

A

NO, Izoflurán, Halotán

99
Q

ochorenia GIT - lieky 1. voľby

A

Omeprazol
Pantoprazol

100
Q

ochorenia GIT - lieky 2. voľby

A

Cimetidín
Ranitidín
Famotidín
Nizatidín

101
Q

Antiemetiká - Anticholinergiká = parasympatolytiká

A

Skopolamin Benztropin Dicyklomin

102
Q

Antiemetiká - Dopamínoví antagonisti (D2 blokátory)

A

Metoclopramid + Plochropromazin

103
Q

Prokinetiká - parasympatomimetiká

A

Metochlórpropamid
Cisaprid
Tegaserod
Domperidon

104
Q

H1 – Antihistaminiká

A

Difehydramín
Dimenhydrinát
Chlórfeniramín

105
Q

Anticholinergiká - parasympatolytiká

A

Skopolamín (Buscopan)
dicyklomín

106
Q

Spazmolytiká - Neurotropné - Parasympatolytiká

A

Atropín
Oxybutilín
Skopolamín (Buscopan)

107
Q

Spazmolytiká - Muskulotropné

A

Papaverín
Drotaverín (Nospa

108
Q

Spazmoanalgetiká

A

Metamizol
Tramadol

109
Q

Laxanciá

A

Metylcelulóza (objem)
Docusate (zmäkčovač)
Horčík (laxatívum)
Gutalax (stimulačné laxatívum)

110
Q

Obstipanciá

A

Bizmut + subsalicylát (adsorbenty)
Loperamid (ópioid)

111
Q

Imunosupresíva

A

Prednison + metylprednisolone
Prednizon + prednizolon
Azathioprim
Mykofenolát mofetyl
Cyklosporín

112
Q

Imunomodulanciá

A

Levamizol
Cytokíny
BCG

113
Q

Cytostatiká - špecifické pre konkrétnu fázu BC

A

Metotrexát (S fáza)
Bleomycínové peptidové ATB (zlomy v DNA)
Vinca alkaloidy (M fáza)
Etopozid (inhibuje topoizomerázy)

114
Q

Cytostatiká - nešpecifické

A

Alkylačné CS
Cisplatina
Nitrózourea
Alopurinol

115
Q

Antitrombotiká

A

Aspirín
Ibuprofén
Klopidogrel
Tiklopidín
Cilostazol
Tirofibán

116
Q

Antikoagulanciá - Parenterálne

A

Nepriame inhibítory trombínu - Heparín, Dalteparín, Fondaparinux
Priame inhibítory trombínu - Hirudín

117
Q

Antikoagulanciá - Orálne

A

Warfarín (blokuje aktiváciu vit. K)
Rivaroxaban
Dabigatran

118
Q

Fibrinolytiká

A

Streptokináza
Urokináza
Altepláza

119
Q

Antiagreganciá

A

Aspirín
Ibuprofén
Klopidogrel
Tiklopidín
Cilostazol
Tirofibán

120
Q

Hemostatiká - Antifibrinolytiká

A

Kyselina aminokaprónová
Aprotinín

121
Q

Hemostatiká - Antihepariniká

A

Protamín

122
Q

Hemostatiká - Antiwarfariniká

A

vitamín K

123
Q

Antianemiká

A

Síran železnatý
B9 + B12
Hydroxyurea

124
Q
A

FARMAKOLOGIA (1 decks)

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