Liek Flashcards
White, gray, or blue opaque ring in the corneal margin (peripheral corneal opacity), or white ring in front of the periphery of the iris.
Arcus senilis
Are seen with diabetic retinopathy
Microaneurysms
copper wire arterioles, and flame hemorrhages are seen with uncontrolled hypertension.
Arteriovenous (AV) nicking,
Located in the center of the macula and is responsible for the sharpest vision (“20/20 vision”) in the eyes.
Fovea
The chronic use of tobacco increases the risk of oral cancer and leukoplakia.
Leukoplakia and oral cancer
In the corner of the mouth, most commonly caused by anemia, bacterial infection, vitamin deficiencies, or oversalivation.
Cheilosis is skin fissures/maceration
cover/uncover test screens
strabismus
- Screened by using the red reflex test.
- advanced cataracts, the red reflex will show a white reflection instead of the normal orange to red color.
Cataracts
air conduction (AC) greater than bone conduction (BC).
BC > AC
i.e. ceruminosis, otitis media
Normal Rinne test
First-line treatment for allergic rhinitis is topical glucocorticoid nasal sprays such as budesonide (Rhinocort)
Allergic rhinitis
The most common bacterium is Pseudomonas
otitis externa
A triangular growth on the white part of the eye that also extends onto the cornea
Pterygium
A white- to greyish-colored ring around the edge of the cornea of both eyes.
Corneal arcus
A stye in the eye that may cause pain and swelling
Chalazion
A benign growth on the conjunctiva caused by the degeneration of its collagen fibers. Thick, yellow fibers may be seen.
Pinguecula
Optic disc swelling cause by increased intracranial pressure
Papilledema
Is also known as vestibular neuritis. It is caused by viral or postviral inflammation that affects the vestibular portion of cranial nerve VIII (acoustic nerve).
Labyrinthitis
Used to measure the intraocular pressure (IOP) of the eye to screen for glaucoma. Normal range IOP is 10 to 22 mmHg.
Tonometry
- Often develop ophthalmic complications, such as neovascularization.
- dot and blot hemorrhages, microaneuryms, and “cotton wool” spots (soft exudates).
Diabetic retinopathy
Arteriovenous nicking (AV nicking), copper wire arterioles, and flame hemorrhages are associated with hypertensive retinopathy.
Hypertensive retinopathy.
Abnormal result, Lateralization to one ear
Weber test
