Liberalism Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 types of individualism

A

Developmental and Egoistical

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2
Q

Define Egoistical individualism

A
  • People are self-seeking and self-reliant,

- society is merely a collection of independent individuals (classical liberals)

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3
Q

Define developmental individualism

A

the view that individual freedom is linked to the desire to create a fair society (modern liberals)

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4
Q

Define freedom and liberty

A

Ability and right to make decisions in one’s own self-interest

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5
Q

Liberal view of the state

A

-‘necessary evil’
-‘necessary’ to avoid disorder, but ‘evil’ as it has potential to remove individual liberty, thus should be
limited

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6
Q

Define rationalism

A

-belief that humans are rational creatures, capable of reason and logic

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7
Q

Define equality/social justice

A

-the belief that individuals are of equal value and that they should be treated impartially and fairly by society

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8
Q

Define Foundational equality

A

Rights that humans have when being born

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9
Q

Define equality of opportunity

A

-idea that all individuals should have equal chances in life to rise and fall

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10
Q

Define Meritocracy

A

-a society organised on the basis that success is based on ability and hard work

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11
Q

Define meritocracy

A

-a society organised on the basis that success is based on ability and hard work

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12
Q

define qualities of a liberal democracy (3)

A
  • free elections to give expression to the will of the people
  • limitations on the power of the state
  • respect for civil liberties and toleration of different viewpoints.
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13
Q

define a social contract

A

-agreement shared by everyone in a

society in which they give up some freedom in return for security

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