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A LEVEL POLITICS > LIBERALISM > Flashcards

LIBERALISM Flashcards

1
Q

What was lockes view of human nature

A
  • humans are inherently good and capable of living peacefully
  • dont need govt to tell them to do good
  • optimistic
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2
Q

What was wollstonecrafts view on human nature

A
  • optimistic human nature should apply to females as well as male
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3
Q

What was mill view on human nature

A
  • human nature is unfinished article
  • liberty is engine of ongoing human development
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4
Q

Who are the classical liberals

A

Locke, Wollstonecraft, mill

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5
Q

Who are the modern liberals

A

Rawls, Friedan

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6
Q

What was Rawls view on human nature

A
  • empathetic and rational leads to them choosing society where poorer people are better off
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7
Q

What was Friedan view on human nature

A
  • not human nature but illiberal attitudes in society that actually condemn women into underachievement
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8
Q

What individualism in associated with classical and modern liberals

A

Classical - egotistical individualism
Modern - developmental individualism

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9
Q

What agreement is there between liberal thinkers on human nature

A

Agree on rational and empathetic aspect of human nature

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10
Q

What is Locke view on state

A
  • limited govt only act with consent
  • rejection of divine right of kings
  • state as night watchman - only role is to protect and not interfere
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11
Q

What was Wollstonecraft view on state

A
  • state implies women arent rational
  • women arent able to vote so govt by consent doesnt apply
  • formal education should be made available to men and women - to recognise absurdity of illiberal principles like the divine right of kings
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12
Q

What was mill view on state

A
  • state shouldn’t have too much intervention - infringement on peoples liberty
  • harm principle
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13
Q

What was Bentham view on state

A
  • democracy should be ‘greatest happiness of greatest number’
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14
Q

What was Rawls view on state

A
  • enabling state
  • allow for redistribution of wealth
  • more public spending and progressive taxation
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15
Q

List clashes between thinkers on views of state

A
  • Locke - limited govt
  • Rawls - enabling state
  • classical liberals - very pessimistic view of state
  • modern liberals - more positive, see damaging social effect of industrialisation
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16
Q

What agreement is there between liberal thinkers on state

A
  • agreement on govt by consent
17
Q

What was Locke view on society

A
  • tolerance, liberty
18
Q

What was Wollstonecraft view on society

A
  • society implies women are not rational
  • denial of liberty to women
  • limiting female individualism limits progress of society
19
Q

What is classical liberal view on state

A
  • egotistical individualism - naturally self seeking/self serving, naturally drawn to situations where they are independent and in charge of own destiny
  • rationalism - free to exercise own judgement
20
Q

What was Rawls view on society

A
  • foundational equality means that individuals dont just need formal equality under law but greater social and economic equality
  • the original position - construct society from scratch
  • veil of ignorance - no preconceptions about people in new society
  • developmental individualism - progression in society, considering greater potential
21
Q

What was Friedan view on society

A
  • individuals can be free to seek control over own lives and full realisation of potential
  • gender is hindrance to all individuals who are female
  • illiberal attitudes in society condemn women into underachievement
22
Q

What clashes are there between liberal thinkers on society

A

Freedom
- classical - freedom defined negatively, freedom from
- modern - freedom defined positively, realising potential

Feminism
- Wollstonecraft - state says women aren’t rational
- Friedan - society has greater role in oppression of women

23
Q

What agreement is there between thinkers on society

A

Freedom
- TH green thought negative freedom undermined liberty
- beveridge - starving man isnt free

Tolerance
- mill - self regarding and other regarding

Female thinkers agree on presence on unequal opportunities

24
Q

What was Locke view on economy

A
  • private ownership
  • little intervention of an individuals economic pursuits
25
Q

What was Wollstonecraft view on economy

A
  • women deserve economic freedom as well
26
Q

What was classical liberals view on economy

A
  • Adam smith - trickle down economics, laissez faire capitalism
27
Q

What was Rawl view on economy

A
  • higher taxation
  • significant wealth distribution
  • public spending
28
Q

What was modern liberals view on economy

A
  • Keynesian economics

A LEVEL POLITICS (18 decks)

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