liberal reforms/why - COMPLETE

Question 1

what does LLIER stand for?

Answer 1

liberal divide 
labour party (growth)
individuals (churchill n lloyd george)
efficiency 
reports (booth n rowntree)

Question 2

why were britain so rich in 1900?

Answer 2

growing industrialism, overseas empire and the strongest navy in the world

Question 3

sum up the government’s attitudes to poverty from the 1850s-1906.

Answer 3

laissez faire
self-help
did not believe it was their responsibility to intervene in the lives of the british people

Question 4

what did the british government think caused poverty?

Answer 4

idleness, ignorance, drunkenness and gambling

Question 5

who was samuel smiles?

Answer 5

a scottish man whose 1858 book ‘self-help’ argued that poor people only had themselves to blame and could improve their lives through hard work and saving

Question 6

who read samuel smiles’s book?

Answer 6

rich people, who could afford it and could also read

Question 7

what help was available to poor people from the 1850s-1906?

Answer 7

YMCA - 1844
The Salvation Army - 1866
Barnardo’s - 1869
RSPCC - 1884

Question 8

what were the liberal reforms and when did they take place?

Answer 8

between 1906-1914 the liberal government introduced a programme of social reform which provided state funded help for the poorest sections of society.

Question 9

what was the Poor Law Amendment Act of 1845 (Scotland)?

Answer 9

legislation that allowed the disabled, widows and deserted wives an children into a workhouse/poorhouse.

they were not forced to work but without doing so, able bodied poor were not allowed in.

Question 10

what percentage of unemployed people DID NOT opt for poor relief and why?

Answer 10

90% because the Poor Law system made state help appear very unattractive

Question 11

what was the result of the 1906 general election (seats)?

Answer 11

liberals: 399
tories: 156
labour: 29
irish nationalists: 82

Question 12

who was henry campbell bannerman?

Answer 12

the leader of the liberal party

prime minister

only pm to die in downing street (in 1908 aged 69)

Question 13

who was H.H Asquith?

Answer 13

prime minister 1908-1916

passed most of the liberal reforms

a NEW LIBERAL

Question 14

who was david lloyd george?

Answer 14

chancellor of the exchequer

Question 15

who was winston churchill?

Answer 15

a shitebag

president of the board of trade

Question 16

what is the structure of a liberals paragraph?

Answer 16

liberals win 1906 election after 20 years out of power

HCB was an old liberal and not very supportive of change

asquith takes over in 1908 - a new liberal

he was helped by the other new liberals - lloyd george and churchill

there were major changes between 1906-14

Question 17

what did britain need to maintain a powerful empire in 1900?

Answer 17

a strong army

Question 18

what was becoming increasingly likely in 1900?

Answer 18

that a war against germany would have to be fought

Question 19

when was the boer war?

Answer 19

1899-1902

Question 20

what did the boer war highlight?

Answer 20

the urgent need to do something about british health and fitness

Question 21

over half of army volunteers were rejected on medical issues. what health issues caused this?

Answer 21

lice
tickets 
underweight 
under height 
tuberculosis 
rotten teeth

Question 22

what was blamed by the british government for the poor performance in the boer war?

Answer 22

the quality of british soldiers

Question 23

what made the boers difficult to defeat?

Answer 23

german weapons (supplied by the kaiser) and guerrilla tactics

Question 24

what was britain’s global position by the end of the 19th century?

Answer 24

they were no longer the world’s strongest industrial nation and were facing serious competition from new industrial nations such as germany and the usa

Question 25

what did some politicians think the workforce had to become to improve national efficiency?

Answer 25

healthier and better education

Question 26

what did a survey show in relation to british and american children?

Answer 26

that american children were taller and heavier

Question 27

when did education become compulsory?

Answer 27

1870 (scotland)

1872 (britain)

Question 28

who wrote the poverty reports and where was their focus?

Answer 28

charles booth (london) and seebohm rowntree (york)

Question 29

what did the poverty reports prove?

Answer 29

that poverty was not self inflicted

that poverty was a national issue

Question 30

give some figures from the poverty reports.

Answer 30

30% (booth) and 28% (rowntree) were living below the poverty line

only 3% of the 30% were getting Poor Law help

Question 31

how much did a family (with three children) have to be earning to be living in poverty?

Answer 31

roughly £1 a week

Question 32

when were the poverty reports released?

Answer 32

booth: 1886-1903
rowntree: 1901

Question 33

the reports found that the causes of poverty were what, instead of what?

Answer 33

casual labour / low pay / unemployment / ill health / old age / large families

instead of

laziness / gambling / drunkenness

Question 34

what is the german example?

Answer 34

leading liberals were influenced by social reform in germany

Question 35

what social reform did germany have?

Answer 35

bismarck introduced sickness and accident insurance and old age pension schemes

Question 36

in 1910, what was happening to the liberal party?

Answer 36

they were being replaced by labour as the party of the working class

Question 37

how main seats did labour gain between 1900 and 1910?

Answer 37

2 MPs to 40 MPs

Question 38

by 1884 most working men could vote. who were they voting for?

Answer 38

labour

Question 39

why were working class men voting labour?

Answer 39

because the trade unions were growing in power and demanding change, which the labour party promised to deliver

Question 40

what did the liberal party have to do to regain these votes and stay a dominant political force?

Answer 40

introduce social change themselves and meet working class needs

Question 41

which reasons can be merged for an essay paragraph?

Answer 41

political pragmatism - rise of labour

national efficiency - military efficiency

german example - new liberalism

poverty reports