Liberal reforms Flashcards
What % of the working population lived in poverty?
30%
What 4 things cause primary poverty?
Low wages
Unemployment
Sickness
Old age
What 3 things cause secondary poverty?
Laziness
Bad habits
Wasting money`
Where was Charles Booth based?
London
Where was Sebohm Rowntree based?
York
What did Charles and Sebohm both do?
Carried out studies on poverty
What were the results of Charles’ and Sebohm’s studies?
Primary poverty is the cause
When did the Boer war begin?
1899
When did the Boer war end?
1902
Why were liberal reforms introduced? (6 marks)
Any from:
- Social reformers such as Charles Booth and Sebohm Rowntree
- The Boer War 1899-1902
- Children (the future of Britain were unhealthy)
- Crime, prostitution and alcohol was the result of poverty
- Concerns about British future (an unhealthy continent competing with countries such as the USA and Germany.
- The growth of Trade Unions and the Labour party (threat to liberals)
- 1905 General Elections (promised welfare reforms)
Which three reforms did they introduce for children?
Free school meals
Medical care
Children and young persons act
When was the free school meals act introduced?
1906
What was the free school meals act?
It allowed but did not enforce local authorities to provide free school meals
By 1914 how many free school meals were served?
14 million
Did every authority set up this programme?
Only half did
When was the medical care act introduced?
1907
What was the medical care act?
Local authorities set up a school medical service with only checkups, but no treatment
When did they change it to medical care and check ups?
1912
When was the Children and Young peoples act introduced?
1908
What did the Children and Young peoples act contain?
any from:
- Parents could be prosecuted for neglect
- Children under 14 not allowed into pubs
- Children under 16 not allowed to buy cigarettes
- Juvenile prisons and courts set up for children who commit crime.
When was the old age pensions act introduced?
1908
What was a positive to the old age pensions act (1908)
- People got five shillings a week
- 80,000 were no longer poor
- The elderly were less of a burden on their families
What was a negative to the old age pensions act (1908)
- You had to be working for the last 20 years to qualify
- Evidence was needed to persuade authority
- For only British citizens
- Low life expectancy
When did the labour exchanges act come?
1909
What were labour exchanges?
A place to find work
By 1913 how many people were given temporary work everyday?
3000
When was the national insurance act introduced?
1911
Who had to join the national insurance scheme?
Wage earners between 16 and 70
What was the national insurance act?
Sick pay
When did Mp’s start to be paid?
1911
What was a disadvantage of the labour exchanges?
Most jobs were temporary
Who was free medical care for?
Only for the wage earner (not for children or extended family)
What year did DLG introduce the People’s budget?
1909
To pay for reforms what did DLG raise tax on?
tobacco and spirits
When was the parliament act passed?
1911
Why was the parliament law introduced?
Because the House of Lords refused to pass the People’s budget of 1909 by David Lloyd George
What was the parliament law?
That the House of Lords could not reject a bill that had been passed three times in the House of Commons.
