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Philo > Lhilo > Flashcards

Lhilo Flashcards

1
Q

Formulated a method through the use of questioning

A

Socrates

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2
Q

Believed that ideas are the bases of everything

A

Plato

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3
Q

Reality is based on what we can sense and perceived

A

Aristotle

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4
Q

Archimedes applied his philosophical inquiries to scientific study and inventions like mathematics and engineering

A

Archimedes

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5
Q

Concerned in uncovering the truth through systematic argumentation and theory

A

Western philosophy

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6
Q

Emphasis on morality virtue calm and emotional fortitude

A

Stoicism

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7
Q

To define and explain religious doctrine

A

Scholasticism

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8
Q

To understand society nature and humanity

A

Humanism

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9
Q

Reason and logic is the basis of knowledge and belief

A

Rationalism

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10
Q

Knowledge is gained through senses and experiences

A

Empiricism

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11
Q

Discussions on the ideal human situation and society

A

Social and political philosophy

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12
Q

Based on observable phenomena

A

Positivism

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13
Q

The action is morally right is it produces the greater good

A

Utilitarianism

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14
Q

The practical use of knowledge and ideas

A

Pragmantism

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15
Q

Defined by the views, emotion, and action of an individual

A

Existentialism

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16
Q

Based on the subjective viewpoint of an individual

A

Phenomenology

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17
Q

Man will never understand the meaning of life or the human condition

A

Absurdism

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18
Q

will never understand the human condition or meaning of life.

A

Postmodernism

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19
Q

-closely tied to religious beliefs.

A

Eastern philosophy

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20
Q

To achieve a balanced life and find one’s role in society

A

Eastern philosophy

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21
Q

Believed in one god. Has a role in the ultimate destiny of mankind

A

Judaism

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22
Q

Believed in a group of gods

A

Hinduism

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23
Q

The three main god of Hinduism

A

Brahma, shiva,Vishnu

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24
Q

an animistic religion influenced by Japanese myths and traditions.

A

Shinto

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25
Q

Rejects the idea of a creator. considers the universe as eternal and unceasing.

A

Jainism

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26
Q

contemplations of the order of things has the potential to transform
oneself

A

Confucianism

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27
Q

The unity and harmony among the opposing elements

A

Taoism

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28
Q

The commitment of faith

A

Islam

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29
Q

Communicates with god through meditation

A

Sikhism

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30
Q

A way of analyzing frameworks

A

Philosophy

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31
Q

defined as a way of thinking about the world and is composed of the views and
beliefs of a person.

A

Framework

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32
Q

addressed using our own reasoning from our personal
frameworks.

A

INTERNAL QUESTIONS

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33
Q

question the very frameworks upon which people base their
own beliefs and views.

A

External questions

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34
Q

deals with beauty and what makes things “beautiful

A

Aesthetic

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35
Q

Deals with correct reasoning

A

Logic

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36
Q

nature of knowledge and knowing.

A

EPISTEMOLOGY

37
Q

moral questions, dilemmas, and standards for human behavior

A

Ethics

38
Q

studies government and deals with questions of justice.

A

Political philosophy

39
Q

deals with questions regarding the nature of reality and existence.

A

Metaphysics

40
Q

to philosophize to his sense of wonder.

A

PLATO

41
Q

need to philosophize to doubt.

A

RENE DESCARTES

42
Q

need to philosophize because of experience.

A

KARL JASPERS

43
Q

state of existence of things independent of human consciousness.

A

Reality

44
Q

things that physically exist

A

CONCRETE REALITY-

45
Q

Do not physically exist

A

Abstract reality

46
Q

perfect knowledge that is free from error or doubt.

A

CERTAINTY

47
Q

Pure reasoning and innate knowledge

A

Rationalism priori

48
Q

based on knowledge from experience

A

Empiricism, postriori

49
Q

knowledge is uncertain because the mind has limits.

A

SKEPTICISM

50
Q

Free will and choice

A

Agency

51
Q

are determined or predetermined/Destiny

A

Determinism

52
Q

studies causality

A

Etiology

53
Q

The question of purpose

A

Teleology

54
Q

basic questions in particular experiences.

A

Primary functions

55
Q

connecting particular experiences in a bigger picture.

A

Secondary reflection

56
Q

skeptical attitude in looking at ideas, events, or things.

A

Systematic doubt

57
Q

discussions, discourse, and debate over their ideas.

A

Argument

58
Q

varied and differing ideas and perspectives are analyzed, and from the
information gathered, new ideas and views are formulated.

A

Dialectic

59
Q

method of analyzing a topic by formulating a series of questions
designed to analyze its various aspects, and examine and clarify a person’s views on it.

A

Socratic method

60
Q

convey certain assumptions in a philosophical discussion.

A

Axioms

61
Q

analyzing possible explanations, the simplest one with the fewest
unnecessary assumptions is the most acceptable.

A

Occam’s razor

62
Q

systematic analysis of the validity of arguments and statements.

A

FORMAL LOGIC

63
Q

imagined scenarios used to illustrate a certain
problem or describe a theory.

A

THOUGHT EXPERIENCE AND ALLEGORY

64
Q

TRUTH - Knowledge

A

justified, true belief”

65
Q

Something is true if it corresponds to reality or the actual state of affairs.

A

Correspondence theory

66
Q

Something is true when placed in a certain situation or context.

A

COHERENCE THEORY

67
Q

Knowledge is shaped by social forces and influenced by culture and history.
• Also, as part of social experience an

A

CONSTRUCTIVIST THEORY

68
Q

Knowledge as based on agreement, and that something is true if almost everyone
agrees that it is true.
• Used to determine scientific claims.

A

Consensus

69
Q

Something is true if we can put into practice or is useful in real life.
• Ideas should be continually tested to confirm their validity.

A

PRAGMATIC THEORY

70
Q

ideas and claims presented formally to be reasonable.

A

Arguments

71
Q

arguments that are unreasonable;

A

Fallacies

72
Q

attacking the person making the argument instead of the argument itself.

A

AD MOHINEM-

73
Q

the threat of force or an undesirable event to advance an
argument.

A

APPEAL TO FORCE

74
Q

using emotions such as pity or sympathy.

A

APPEAL TO EMOTION

75
Q

the idea is presented as acceptable because a lot of people
accept it.

A

Appeal to the popular

76
Q

the idea is acceptable because it has been true for a long time.

A

APPEAL TO TRADITION

77
Q

assuming the thing or idea to be proven is true; also known as
“CIRCULAR ARGUMENT”.

A

BEGGING THE QUESTIONS

78
Q

assuming a cause-and-effect relationship between unrelated events.

A

CAUSE-AND-EFFECT

79
Q

is true for a part is true for the whole.

A

FALLACY OF COMPOSITION

80
Q

true for the whole is true for its parts.

A

FALLACY OF DIVISION

81
Q

objective truths that are verifiable and do not easily change from one situation to the
other.

A

Facts

82
Q

More subjective and may express certain views and beliefs

A

Opinion

83
Q

tendencies or influences which affect the views of the people.

A

Bias

84
Q

to judge a person’s personality by his/her actions witho
regard for external factors or influences.

A

Correspondence bias

85
Q

tendency to look for and readily accept information that fits with
one’s own beliefs or views and to reject ideas or views that go against i

A

CONFIRMATION BIAS

86
Q

focusing on a certain aspect of a problem while ignoring other aspects.

A

FRAMING

87
Q

to see past events as predictable

A

HINDSIGHT

88
Q

person/group is connected to or has a vested interest in the issue
being discussed.

A

Conflict of interest

89
Q

analyzing an event or issue based on one’s cultural standards

A

CULTURAL BIAS

Philo (1 decks)

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