LGS 1 Flashcards
What is pathophysiology?
The biological basis for disease; the functional changes that accompany a particular syndrome or disease.
What is epidemiology?
The study (scientific, systematic, data-driven) of the distribution (frequency, pattern) and determinants (causes, risk factors) of health-related states and events (not just diseases) in specified populations (patient is community, individuals viewed collectively) and the application of the study to the control of health problems (CDC, 2020).
The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states and events in specified populations and the application of the study to the control of health problems.
What is etiology?
The cause of a disease of condition.
What are risk factors?
Something that increases a person’s chances of developing a disease.
What is differential diagnosis?
A list of possible conditions that could be causing an individual’s signs and symptoms.
Diagnosis –> the identification of the nature of an illness or other problem.
What are signs and symptoms?
Clinical manifestations of a condition
Sign –> objective evidence of a condition that can be observed by others
Symptom –> subjective experience
What is natural history?
The usual course of development/ progression of a condition, especially in the absence of treatment
What is prognosis?
The chance of recovery or recurrence; the likelihood that symptoms will resolve.
What does SMART stand for (i.e. SMART goals)?
-Specific
- Measurable
- Attainable
- Realistic
- Timed
(improved A by B in C, as measured by D)
What is the role of a tutor in PBT?
- Facilitate learning
- Share experiences
- Evaluate
- Professional Accountability
- Oversee group process
What are some key points regarding self-directed learning?
- Set your own learning goals
- Understand how you learn best (your learning style and preferences)
- Use different approaches to learn
- Use methods of feedback and self-evaluation
What is the role of a student in PBT?
- Take responsibility of own learning
- Participate in teaching/ facilitating
- Have a positive attitude
- Be open to feedback
What is the clinical decision-making model?
A complex process that involves information processing, evaluation of evidence, and application of relevant knowledge to select interventions that provide safe and high-quality care and reduce the risk of patient harm.
What are some key components of the CDM model? (5)
- Health condition (disease or disorder)
- Body functions and structures (impairments)
- Activity (limitations)
- Participation (restrictions)
- Environmental Factors (facilitators/ barriers)
- Personal Factors
What is the goal of PBT LGS?
to ensure all students have an appropriate understanding, at the appropriate depth of content, of conditions being studied within the health care problems in tutorials
What is prevention?
‘Action to reduce or eliminate or reduce the onset, causes, complications or recurrence of disease’
What is primary prevention?
Reduce the likelihood that something harmful will occur
(total population, selected groups & healthy individuals)
ex. systematic immunization, population education, environmental improvement
What is secondary prevention?
Minimize harm if it does occur
- prevent progression though early detection & intervention
(diseased asymptomatic individuals or individuals with high risk)
ex. pre-diabetes programs, breast cancer screening
What is tertiary prevention?
Minimize harm if it does occur
- reduce consequences of established disease
- prevent progress & complications of disease
(patients)
ex. rehab of stroke patients, glycaemic control in diabetics, relapse prevention in mental health, self-management programs for people with chronic conditions.
What are the two main components that are required for prevention?
- Identification of modifiable risk and protective factors
- Implementation of strategies to eliminate or reduce risk factors and / or maximize and increase the protective factors
Public health usually have ______ prevention as their goal.
(Hint: level of prevention)
Public health usually have PRIMARY prevention as their goal.
- aims to prevent through an organized effort the occurrences of health problems in whole populations before they occur.
What is health promotion?
The process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health.
To reach a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, an individual or group must be able to identify and to realize aspirations, to satisfy needs, and to change or cope with the environment
Health Promotion goes along with every level of prevention. True or False?
True.
What are the components of health promotion?
- Advocate
- Enable
- Mediate
