LGBTQ Flashcards
What does LGBTQQIA2S stand for
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Questioning, Intersex, Allies, Two-Spirit
Define Sexual Orientation
An enduring pattern of emotional, romantic and or sexual attractions to men, women, both or other sexes. Sexual Orientation also refers to a persons sense of identity based on those attractions, related behaviors and membership in a community of others who share those attractions.
What is sex?
biological differences
What is Gender?
personal identity
What is gender identity?
an internal sense of who one is and is based on an interaction of biological traits, developmental influences and environmental conditions.
What are different gender identities?
Male, female, somewhere in between or a combination of both or neither.
What are some common sexual orientations?
gay, lesbian, bisexual, pansexual, asexual, two-spirit, demisexual & queer.
What are common gender identies?
Cisgender, gender non-binary, gender expansive, gender fluid, genderqueer, transgender
What is intersex?
When a child is born with chromosomes, hormones, genitalia and/or other sex characteristics that are not exclusively male or female as defined by medicine and society
when do children become concious of physical differences between boys and girls?
2
What happens at age 3 for children typically?
they can label themselves as boy or girl
What age to children have a stable sense of their gender identity?
4…..I am curious how we know this just being honest….the simple answer is Jorja knows all. Question her and DIE
What age do kids spend most of their playtime with children of the same gender?
6
When does gender type conformity peak?
middle school
What are ways we express our gender?
clothing, hairstyle, toys, games, sports, fantasy play, social behavior that reflects varying degrees of aggression, dominance, dependency and gentleness. physical gestures and other nonverbals. Social relationships.
What are some ways schools have educated students about gender and sex?
Genderbread person, gender unicorn, gender elephant
What cities in the US have the most LGBTQ populations?
San Francisco, Seattle, Atlanta, MSP, Boston.
What is gender dysphoria?
clinically significant distress or impairment related to a strong desire to be of another gender.
What are some components of Gender transition?
social affirmation: adapting hairstyle, clothing, pronouns, name etc.
Legal affirmation: name and gender changes on birth certificates, passports, drivers license, school documents.
Medical affirmation: hormone therapy to allow adolescents who have started puberty to develop characteristics of their identified gender
Surgical Affirmation: used mostly in adulthood to modify physical characteristics like hair distribution, chest and genitalia
What is a better term to use vs. homophobia?
heterosexism
What is heterosexism?
denying, ignoring, denigrating or stigmatizing any non-heterosexual form of emotional, affectional expression, sexual activity, behavior, relationship or socially identified community.
What are some examples of heterosexism?
Explicit: anti lgbtq laws, policies and institutional practices, harassment based on sexual orientation or perceived orientation. Stereotyping
Implicit: assuming someone is straight, believing LGBT people should not be so public about their identity.
What is it called when an LGBT person internalizes heterosexism and feels negative about themselves because of societal messages?
Internalized Heterosexism.
What is it called when you aim to change an individuals sexual orientation?
conversion therapy (dangerous and discredited)
Why do youth who are LGBTQ keep their identity from their parents?
they want to shield their families from pain and shame and to protect themselves from being rejected.
What is shown to be a contributing factor in suicides of LGBTQ youth?
bullying
What group of people have one of the highest rates of suicide?
LGBTQ
Within LGBTQ communities, who has the highest rates of suicide and substance use?
bisexual
What are some strengths of the LGBT community?
positive personal conceptualizations, resilient in the face of oppression, strength through adversity, lots of organizational support for the community and families of choice or support.
What does Sexual orientation not cause?
mental heath problems
What are some characteristics of LGBTQ individuals and substance use?
more likely to use alcohol and drugs than general population
higher rates of abuse
less likely to abstain from use
more likely to continue heavy drinking into adulthood.
Why are use numbers higher for LGBTQ?
stress that comes from social prejudice and discriminatory laws. Lack of cultural competency in health care, targeting marketing efforts by alcohol and tobacco companies.
What impacts substance use?
Coming out - gay bars as a rite of passage
PRIDE celebration - associated with alcohol and drug use
Domestic Violence
When discriminatory laws are passed, what impact can it have on LGBTQ individuals?
depression and drug use increase
What are LGBTQ clients in treatment more likely to:
report physical and emotional abuse
history of sexual abuse
depression and anxiety
be dependent on more than one substance
have a co-occurring mental health disorder
have previous detox and inpatient treatment experience.
What are some focus areas for LGBTQ and treament?
confusion around sexual orientation coming out social stigma and discrimination HIV/AIDS same-sex relationship internalized heterosexism and shame fusion of drugs and sex healthy sexuality
What are some specific treatment focuses for trans?
appearance and body image hiding or suppressing gender identity lack of family and social support isolation, lack of community hormone therapy and injection history stigma/discrimination employment struggles relationship struggles
What are some things that can be missed when assessing people from the LGBTQ population?
biopsychosocial information
collateral information - some clients may not have close relationship with their families, it may be clinically appropriate to gather collateral info from a partner or close friend
Do not assume all LGBTQ people are estranged from their family
When assessing someone who is LGBTQ what should you be sure to address?
- Comfort level with being an LGBTQ person
- Ask about pronoun use
- If trans ask about comfort level and acceptance of that identity.
- If appropriate determine the stage where the individual is at within the coming out process.
- Understand their coming out experience.
What does the coming out process help create?
moving from a negative self identity to a positive self identity.
What are the 6 stages of identity development as it relates to LGBTQ individuals?
- Identity Confusion
- Identity Comparison
- Identity Tolerance
- Identity Acceptance
- Identity Pride
- Identity Synthesis
What are some characteristics of stage 1 - Confusion
Use of chemicals to manage painful feelings
people see their LGB behavior and face a crisis about who they are
use substances to cope with anxiety and shame or to be able to socialize or be sexual with someone of the same gender
use to block out unwanted feelings of attraction towards people of the same gender.
What are some characteristics of stage 2 - Comparison
People entertain the idea they might be gay
anxiety may be high as one confronts their denial
considerable emotional pain and vulnerability
substances are used to ease the pain
What are some characteristics of stage 3 - tolerance
Greater level of commitment to the new identity: :I probably am gay.
alienation and isolation feelings increase.
Seeking out gay and lesbian people to connect with.
If people remain open to this process they may resolve this stage by declaring I am gay.
What are some characteristics of stage 4 - acceptance
Increased contact with other gays
activities that help normalize their new identity. may include more drinking and substance use
for some in this stage substance use become more severe.
What are some characteristics of stage 5 - pride
awareness of the difference between their acceptance of own LGB identity and society’s rejection of it
tendency to get angry and split the world into gay and straight
some may reject the dominant heterosexist culture
people become active in the gay community and spend the majority of their time with others who share their feelings and perspective.
What are some characteristics of stage 6 - synthesis
Awareness develops that the dichotomy of “them” and “us” is not valid
as anger decreases and pride becomes less aggressive, the gay or lesbian identity is more integrated with other aspects of the individual.
As a therapist what are some techniques to use with clients in stages 1 & 2
safety
neutral or inclusive language.
Partner vs. husband or wife
client will likely not feel comfortable talking about orientation
be open and prepared to talk about coming to terms with sexual orientation
empathy
support exploring feelings.
As a therapist what are some techniques to use with clients in stages 3
Client will need support if they come out to themselves
may need to discuss family or job issues
referrals will be needed for open and affirming churches, organizations support groups etc.
include a referral to a qualified therapist for continuing care
As a therapist what are some techniques to use with clients in stages 4
If a client decides to come out to family/friends/co worker, therapist can help walk through possible reactions and consequences. Role play
develop a safety plan if things go badly
Consider LGBTQ sober house
Coming out is?
an individualized process and each person needs to be validated at their own stage. Assess where the client is and be aware of the risks and needs of each client at each stage.
How can you be an ally?
Ask detailed questions be aware of privilege challenge privilege be open to learning use proper terminology use non gender specific language
What language is offensive?
homosexual homosexual relations or relationship, homosexual couple homosexual sex sexual preference gay lifestyle
What language is preferred rather than homosexual?
gay, lesbian gay person etc. gay lives sexual orientation orientation
How can you be a trans ally?
dont make assumptions about sexuality pronoun usage confidentiality, outing dont assume path of transition dont police public restrooms listen to trans voices do your research
Who is Marty Mann
She was one of if not the first openly Gay woman who was an AA advocate.
