LGBT Essay Plan

Question 1

1. LGB define

Answer 1

LGB: define
Self-identification
‘Attraction’
Having had a same-sex sexual partner in the past 5 years
Distal (Environmental/ contextual factors)
Structural prejudice (legal differences)
Prejudice events (verbal abuse, harassment) (Nadal, 2011)
Informal prejudice (within family/ church/ community settings)
Stigma
Proximal (How do you deal?)
Health outcomes

Question 2

2. Mental health

Answer 2

(Huygen, 2006) Until 1973, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) defined homosexuality as a mental illness

“Minority stress theory”
Ilan Meyer in 1990s
Unique set of stresses
Social stigma, remaining closeted, perceiving inability to have a normal relationship, perceiving don’t have same rights…
Leads to low self-esteem, acceptance etc.

(Diaz et al, 2001) Mental health issues
(Lewis, 2009) 3 or 4 x more likely to suffer depression, anxiety, suicide ideation, and other disorders and twice as likely to attempt suicide

(Healthy people.gov) Lack of laws protecting against bullying in schools
(Wadsworth, 1997) Life course

Question 3

3. Social culture

Answer 3

(Bux, 1996) Bars and clubs = excess alcohol

(Lewis, 2009) 3–8 x more likely to have used cocaine in the past month.

Question 4

4. Trans

Answer 4

(Healthy people.gov) Shortage of healthcare providers who are knowledgeable and culturally competent in LGBT health
(Bauer, 2009) High prevalence of HIV infection- a prevalence rate of 27.7% for trans women in North America = low self esteem
(Xavier et al., 2007) Suicidal ideation among trans people was estimated to be 65%.
(Lombardi et al, 2008) High rates of violence, harassment and discrimination