LFTs

Question 1

what are AST, ALT markers of?

Answer 1

hepatocellular injury

Question 2

where can ALP originate from?

Answer 2

liver, bone

placenta, kidney, intestine, wbc

Question 3

where can AST originate from?

ALT is mostly from liver

Answer 3

liver

heart, skeletal muscle, rbcs

Question 4

γ-GT?

Answer 4

helps tell if ALP is from liver (both ↑), or bone (not ↑)

Question 5

tests for hepatic Function?

Answer 5

serum albumin
serum bilirubin
PT (INR)

Question 6

↑AST : ALT (>2:1)
↑ MCV
ALP ↔
γ-GT↑

Answer 6

alcohol liver disease (ALD)
aSt ↑↑↑↑
on the Sauce

Question 7

all LFTs↑

Answer 7

cirrhosis

Question 8

↑↑ALT : ↑AST

Answer 8

non-alcoholic fatty liver diseas (NAFLD)
aLt ↑↑
Lipid

Question 9

↑↑↑↑AST:↑↑↑↑ALT

Answer 9

drug / AI / acute viral hepatitis

Question 10

↑ALP

↑gamma-GT

Answer 10

cholestatic hepatitis

Question 11

↑AST/ALT

↑LDH

Answer 11

ischaemic hepatitis

Question 12

ΔΔ ↑ ALP

Answer 12

“ABCD”
A) AI (ankolysing spondylitis, temporal arteritis)
B) Bone (Paget’s, osteomalacia, Rickets, cancer mets, osteosarcoma)
C) Cholestasis (gallstones, PBC, PSC, pregnancy)
D) Drugs

Question 13

ΔΔ drug-induced hepatocellular injury

↑ AST, ALT

Answer 13

anti-epileptics
anti-TB
statins
amiodarone
anti-inflammatory

Question 14

ΔΔ drug-induced cholestatis

↑ GGT, ALP

Answer 14

Abx
CNS - carba, TCAs
carbimazole
hormonal
allopurinol
parenteral nutrition

Question 15

↑ferritin
↑ iron
↓ TIBC

Answer 15

haemochromatosis

Question 16

↓ serum copper

↓ caerulosplasmin

Answer 16

Wilson’s disease

Question 17

↑ AMA

Answer 17

PBC

Question 18

↑ ANA
p-ANCA
IgM
(AMA-ve)

Answer 18

PSC

Question 19

↑ ANA
↑ ASMA
↑ IgG

Answer 19

AI hepatitis

Question 20

↑ IgA

Answer 20

ALD

Question 21

IgG ↑

Answer 21

AIH

Question 22

IgM ↑

Answer 22

PBC

Question 23

↑ α-fetoprotein

Answer 23

HCC