LFTs Flashcards

1
Q

Main components

A

ALT - Alanine Aminotransferase
AST - Aspartate Aminotransferase
Bilirubin
Albumin
GGT - Gamma GT
INR
ALP - Alkaline Phosphatase

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2
Q

What raises ALT?

A

Liver problems, less so wiht bile duct issues

A very high ALT indicates hepatitis

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3
Q

What changes AST?

A

High levels - Liver/heart/muscle problems

AST changes more quickl basd on current acute damage/necrosis, so is good for monitoring progression/recovery.

Raised AST:
- Viral Hep
- Alcoholic Cirrhosis
- Chronic Cirrhosis

Mildly raises could be:
- Liver mets
- Steatosis

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4
Q

What changes ALP?

A

Found largely in cells lining bile duct
So bile duct blockage rises it alot
Minorly raised in liver disease

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5
Q

What affects Gamma GT?

A

OBstruction of bile ducts raises GGT, good for confirming that a raised ALP is related to Liver damage

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6
Q

What does bilirubin tell you?

A

ITs raised in jaundice, mostly in obstructive jaundice

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7
Q

What could reduce Albumin?

A
  • Diarrhoea
  • Liver disease
  • Poor diet
  • Fe Deficiency
  • Infection
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8
Q

ALP raised & ALT slightly raised?

A

Bile duct problem

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9
Q

ALT raised & ALP slightly raised?

A

Liver problem

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10
Q

Very high ALT & slightly high AST?

A

Necrosis of liver:
- Viral
- Drug induced
- Severe

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11
Q

AST raised and ALT slightly raised?

A

Alcoholic or drug induced cirrhosis

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12
Q

Pattern of obstructive LFTs?

A
  • High bilirubin
  • High ALP
  • Normal ALT
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13
Q

Pattern of heaptic LFTs?

A

Acute liver inflammation:
- Very High ALT
- Variable Bilirubin (higher = more damage)
- Slightly raised ALP
- Increased PTT

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