LFS100 Quiz 1 Flashcards
Which of the following would be most appropriate method to observe and measure the size of ribosomes in a eukaryotic cell?
transmission electron microscopy
Which organelle helps to recycle the cell’s organic material including damaged organelles?
lysosome
Choose the statement that correctly characterizes bound ribosomes.
Bound ribosomes generally synthesize membrane proteins and secretory proteins.
All of the following structures and proteins are directly associated with movement in cells or by cells EXCEPT
centrosomes.
According to the fluid mosaic model of cell membranes, which of the following is a true statement about membrane phospholipids?
They can move laterally along the plane of the membrane.
The solutions in the arms of a U-tube are separated at the bottom of the tube by a selectively permeable membrane. The membrane is permeable to sodium chloride but not to glucose. Side A is filled with a solution of 0.4 M glucose and 0.5 M sodium chloride (NaCl), and side B is filled with a solution containing 0.8 M glucose and 0.4 M sodium chloride. Initially, the volume in both arms is the same. If you examine side A after 3 days, you should find
a decrease in the concentration of NaCl and a decrease in the water level.
The sodium-potassium pump in animal cells requires cytoplasmic ATP to pump ions across the plasma membrane. When the proteins of the pump are first synthesised in the rough ER, what side of the ER membrane will the ATP binding site be on?
It will be on the cytoplasmic side (outside) of the ER.
According to the first law of thermodynamics,
energy can be neither created nor destroyed.
Whenever energy is transformed, there is always an increase in the
entropy of the universe.
The nucleoid region is a feature of prokaryotic cells.
True
Which of the following organelles produces and modifies polysaccharides that will be secreted?
Golgi apparatus
A cell has the following molecules and structures: enzymes, DNA, ribosomes, plasma membrane, and mitochondria. It could be a cell from
a plant or an animal.
Which of the following relationships between cell structures and their respective functions is NOT correct?
cell wall: support, protection
The photosystems of cyanobacteria are embedded in plasma membranes and, in some cases, in internal membranes derived from the plasma membrane. Where would one expect to find the homologous photosystems in green plant cells?
inner membranes of chloroplasts
Which of the following is a reasonable explanation for why unsaturated fatty acids help keep any membrane more fluid at lower temperatures?
The double bonds form a kink in the fatty acid tail, forcing adjacent lipids to be further apart.
Which of the following statements is CORRECT about diffusion?
It is a passive process in which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
The movement of potassium into an animal cell requires
an energy source such as ATP or a proton gradient.
Oxygen crosses a plasma membrane by
passive transport.
Which term most precisely describes the cellular process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones?
catabolism
What term is used to describe the transfer of free energy from catabolic pathways to anabolic pathways?
energy coupling
Why is glycolysis considered to be one of the first metabolic pathways to have evolved?
It is found in the cytosol, does not involve oxygen, and is present in most organisms.
Which of the following macromolecules enter the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell through pores in the nuclear membrane?
ribosomal proteins
Which of the following organelles is NOT a common destination for small vesicles that bud off the Golgi apparatus?
endoplasmic reticulum
Which of the following is NOT a known function of the cytoskeleton?
to maintain a critical limit on cell size
Which two structures play direct roles in permitting bacteria to adhere to each other, or to other surfaces? 1 capsules 2 endospores 3 fimbriae 4 plasmids 5 flagella
1 and 3
What membrane-surface molecules are thought to be most important as cells recognize each other?
glycoproteins