Lf Questions Flashcards
1
Q
According to STP - What are the 3 Golden rules to follow when applying foam?
A
- Do not start applying foam unless you have enough to extinguish the fire or cover the fuel spill.
- Point branch away from fire until good finished foam is being produced.
- You cannot mix different foam concentrates.
2
Q
According to STP - List 3 hazards/considerations when using CAFS at a structure fire.
A
-CAFS hoselines have a build up of pressure when the branch is closed, this causes a larger jet reaction than a standard hose.
-“Slug Flow” is when the proportion of water, foam or air is wrong. This will cause the finished foam to shudder or pulsate as it is exiting the branch.
-CAFS does not contain enough water for internal attacks.
3
Q
According to STP - List 5 actions to take when combating a natural gas leak with no fire involved
A
-Structural PPE and SCBA
-Evacuate all persons from immediate area
-Remove all sources of ignition
-Respond Gas company
-Keep protection line in place using fog spray
4
Q
According to STP - Acetylene is a very volatile gas, exploding cylinders can penetrate double brick walls or metal freight containers & land 200m away. How many hours after the cylinder is removed from the fire or heat source, if it is not cooled, can this explosion occur?
A
Up to 24hrs after being removed from the fire or heat source.
5
Q
According to STP - When reading a fire, we need indicators to base our decisions on, what are the most important indicators?
A
B-SAHF
Building
Smoke
Air Track
Heat
Flame
6
Q
According to STP - What techniques enable us to control the interior environment during a structure fire?
A
Gas cooling and hose stream techniques, short & long pulse.
7
Q
According to STP - List 2 common hose laying techniques that can be used by firefighters?
A
S Lay
Cleveland Load
8
Q
Complete the following in relation to the Fire and Rescue NSW Act 1989 Part 3, Division 1, Section 11 Brigades to proceed with speed to suspected fires or hazardous material incident………?
A
(1) When there is an alarm of fire, a fire brigade must, despite anything to the contrary in any Act, proceed with all speed to the fire and try by all possible means to extinguish it and save any lives and property that are in danger.
(2) When there is a report of a hazardous material incident, a fire brigade must, despite anything to the contrary in any Act—
(a) proceed with all speed to the site of the incident, and
(b) try by all possible means to render the site of the incident safe and save any lives and property that are in danger.
9
Q
Complete the following in relation to the Fire and Rescue NSW Act 1989 Part 3, Division 1, Section 12 of the FRNSW Act, Investigation of reported fires and Hazardous material incident………?
A
(1) The officer in charge may, with or without members of a fire brigade, enter any place
(a) in respect of which an alarm of fire is raised to ascertain whether there is a fire at the place, or
(b) in respect of which a report of a hazardous material incident has been made to ascertain whether there is any hazardous material at the place that is, or is about to be, the subject of a hazardous material incident.
(2) Reasonable force, whether by breaking down gates or fences or breaking open doors or otherwise, may be used to gain entry.
10
Q
Section 13, of the FRNSW Act states the “General Powers of Officers at fires and hazardous material incidents”. State this provision
A
(1) At a fire, the officer in charge
(a) may take such measures as the officer thinks proper for the protection and saving of life and property and for the control and extinguishing of the fire, and
(b) is to control and direct the operations of any fire brigade.
(1A) At the site of a hazardous material incident, the officer in charge
(a) may take such measures as the officer thinks proper for the protection and saving of life and property, for confining and ending the incident and for rendering the site safe, and
(b) is to control and direct the operations of any fire brigade.
The site is taken to be such area in the vicinity of the incident as is for the time being determined by the officer in charge.
(2) If the fire is a bush fire (including a grass fire), the officer in charge is, as far as practicable, to carry into effect any plan of operations in force under section 52 of the Rural Fires Act 1997 in relation to the place where the fire occurs.
11
Q
Section 19 of the FRNSW Act lists the powers at fires and hazardous material incidents. State the provisions of this Section: “General power to remove persons or obstacles.
A
The officer in charge at a fire or hazardous material incident may cause to be removed any person, vehicle, vessel or thing the presence of whom or which at or near a fire or hazardous material incident might, in the officer’s opinion, interfere with the work of any fire brigade or the exercise of any of the officer’s functions
12
Q
At an incident that has been declared a crime scene, a member of the public seeks details from you, the senior firefighter/officer on duty, about the incident. State your response according to the Fire Brigades Regulation (2014) Clause 22, Disclosure of information
A
A firefighter must not disclose information obtained in the firefighter’s capacity as a firefighter unless the disclosure is made—
(a) in the exercise of the firefighter’s functions, or
(b) about factual matters that are generally available to the public, or
(c) by an approved firefighter to media representatives about operations at a fire or other incident, or
(d) at the direction or with the permission of the Commissioner, or
(e) with another lawful excuse.
13
Q
Section 17 of the Fire Brigades Regulation (2014) refers to unacceptable behaviour. List five circumstances when a firefighter’s behaviour would be deemed unacceptable.
A
A firefighter must not:
(1) come on duty while under the influence of alcohol or a drug,
(2) while on duty, consume, use or possess any alcohol or drug,
(3) smoke at a fire or drill, in any departmental premises or in any departmental vehicle,
(4) smoke in any public place while in uniform,
(5) while off duty, enter or remain on departmental premises without authority
14
Q
As stated in the Standing Orders, to avoid serious accidents at intersections when responding to an emergency, What actions should drivers of responding vehicles approaching a stop sign or red signal take?
A
- must slow down and obey the rule in regards to the sign or signal, enter the intersection at a speed of not more than 8 kph. Having assessed the traffic conditions, and determined that it is safe to proceed, the driver may then continue across the intersection
15
Q
According to Standing Orders, when are seatbelts required to be worn when travelling in FRNSW vehicles (including tankers)?
A
All Fire and Rescue NSW employees are required to wear a seat belt, properly adjusted, when travelling in Fire and Rescue NSW vehicles. Any member travelling on a vehicle (including a water tanker) is to be seated inside the vehicle and must wear a seat belt.
16
Q
According to Standing Orders, with no impact of the service delivery, List the procedures to be followed if drivers of FRNSW vehicles are involved in an accident.
A
If another party is involved, stop to render assistance, exchange details & provide the Fleet officers contact information
Complete and submit an agency motor vehicle claim form
Inform your supervisor
Complete a NIIENM form
Permanent firefighters are to be suspended from driving for the balance of their shift on duty, retained firefighters suspension is to be for 24 hours, unless the exigencies of the service dictate to the contrary.
17
Q
Fire Brigades Regulation, Part 3, Section 14: Firefighters to acquire and maintain knowledge of legislation, orders, and functions. List the provisions.
A
(1) A firefighter must acquire and maintain a thorough knowledge of, and comply with the requirements of, the Act, this regulation and the Commissioner’s directions.
(2) A firefighter must acquire and maintain the knowledge and skills relevant to the performance of the firefighter’s functions.
18
Q
According to STP -The National Construction Code classes buildings “Class 1” through to “Class 10”. The class of building is a measure of the buildings likely: List these four points
A
The Class of building is a measure of the building’s likely:
-use
-fire load
-population; and
-mobility of the occupants, such as whether they are sleeping or alert.
19
Q
According to the Fire Investigation toolkit on the Intranet, when should you request FIRU for assistance?
A
Contact the Fire Investigation and Research Unit (FIRU) for assistance if:
-There has been a loss of life at a fire, or a person is not expected to live from their injuries, or
-The fire is considered major (i.e. 4th Alarm or above, significant community impact or unusual fire behaviour), or
-The Origin and Cause of the fire is not apparent.
20
Q
As listed in STP - What form populated by firefighters gives the Fire Investigator a summary of firefighter actions at an incident.
A
Fire Investigators will often request a SOFA form to be produced by firefighters that have attended a fire under investigation.
21
Q
STP - Details how a structure fire will burn within one of two burning regimes. List and describe the regimes.
A
Fuel Controlled
In this initial phase of fire development the fire grows as a direct function of the fuel itself with little or no influence from the compartment environment.
Ventilation Controlled
Most structure fires will reach a stage where fire development and the Heat Release Rate (HRR) is now dictated by the availability of oxygen.
22
Q
STP - Identifies the search priority in multi storey buildings, list the priorities.
A
SEARCH AND RESCUE PRIORITIES
1.The fire floor
2.The floor directly above the fire floor
3.The top floor as this is where the smoke will rise to if it can.
always serach the roof
23
Q
STP - Outlines when a working at a task/tactical level and a firefighter becomes trapped, injured missing or overdue. What message should be sent to draw attention to the situation?
A
A mayday message
24
Q
According to STP - When is an Incident Management System required to be used at incidents FRNSW attends?
A
The method is used at every incident FRNSW attends
25
According to STP -There are eight strategic functions of command the Incident Commander needs to address. List all eight.
1. Deployment
2. Command
3. Situation Evaluation
4. Incident Action Planning
5. Incident Communications
6. Incident Structure
7. Review and Revision
8. Escalation and De-escalation
26
According to STP - At every incident there must be a steady, adequate, and timely stream of resources. Who is the only person to deploy resources at an incident?
The incident Commander (IC) must be the only person to deploy resources
27
A driver in a road tunnel noticed smoke coming from the engine compartment of their car and immediately pulled into the emergency break down bay and called 000. The Tunnel Control Centre closed the tunnel allowing attending fire crews access to extinguish the fire. Peak hour traffic is starting to build at the entrance to the tunnel and thick smoke is throughout. List the Smoke Management Systems found in road tunnels that could assist in clearing the smoke?
Road tunnel smoke management systems may use:
* longitudinal ventilation (jet fans)
* ducted ventilation
* natural ventilation
* a combination of the above.
28
According to SOGs -As an incident develops and crews become fatigued, they will need to be rested. Name and describe the two ways crews can be rested
Recycling: FF's take a short break just outside the hot zone to rest, rehydrate & replenish cylinders.
Rehabilitation: Crew is released & moves to rehab area.
29
According to SOGs - List and describe the three incident phases
* Life at risk phase – where there are savable human lives.
* Expanding phase – where the incident is uncontrolled and likely to expand.
* Contained phase – there are sufficient resources to contain the incident within the defined area.
30
According to Standing Orders who are the people authorised to ride on FRNSW appliances?
* firefighters in the course of their duty;
* employees of Fire and Rescue NSW whose duty requires their attendance at an emergency;
* members of other emergency services at the discretion of the member in charge; or
* other persons authorised by the Commissioner.
31
Question 31. DELETED 15 Jan 24 According to Standing Orders, Incident Crew Management System is a simple system for managing information about the location and activities of personnel at incidents. The Incident Crew Management System is made up of three components. What are these components?
* ‘passports’ used to identify individuals
* appliance tags used to identify appliances, and
* incident crew management board.
32
According to STP - List and describe three ways foam controls and extinguishes fire.
Smothering: Excluding the fire’s supply of oxygen
Suppressing flammable vapours to stop them from igniting
Cooling the surface temperature to prevent re-ignition
33
According to STP – What are the characteristics of liquid petroleum gas?
1. Odourless.
2. Colourless.
3. Heavier than air.
34
According to STP - What is the term used when a liquid within a container reaches a temperature well above its boiling temperature, boils, expands and the container fails sending flammable gas outwards where it expands
Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion (B.L.E.V.E)
35
According to STP - What can be used to conduct a thermal check of an acetylene cylinder.
Thermal image camera
Infrared thermometer
The “Wetting test”
36
Expand the Acronym - SISIACMR
S: Safe approach
I: Incident control
S: Scene security
I: Identify hazardous materials
A: Assess potential harm and minimise environmental contamination
C: Call in resources
M: Monitor information
R: Render safe and decontaminate
37
According to STP - What is the most suitable extinguishing agent for rubber fires?
Water - most suitable extinguishing agent
38
According to STP -There are several stages of Lithium-Ion battery failure list and describe the stages.
Stage 1: abuse factor
Thermal, electrical, or mechanical abuse
Stage 2: off-gas generation
Occurs regardless of cell form factor
Stage 3: Smoke generation
Catastrophic failure is imminent
Stage 4: Fire generation
Likelihood of propagation drastically increases
39
According to the Workplace Safety toolkit on the intranet, what should you complete when a work-related injury, near miss, exposure or illness occurs and in what time-frame after the occurrence should it be submitted?
NIIENMs should be submitted within 24 hours of occurrence
40
According to the toolkit on the intranet - If you are unable to submit or fill out a NIIENM who else can submit one for you?
Supervisor or co-worker
41
In New South Wales, Emergency Services carry out land-based rescues under what Act?
Emergency services carry out land based rescue under the State Emergency and Rescue Management (SERM) Act (NSW) 1989
42
As stated in the SERM Act,1989 who is responsible for coordinating rescue operations and for determining the priorities of action to be taken in rescue operations?
The Senior Police Officer
43
According to STP - FRNSW uses the YOU principle to establish priorities of safety at a rescue incident. What are these priorities of safety?
Yourself and other rescuers
Other persons not involved (bystanders)
Unfortunate person(s) involved
44
According to STP -What is the correct PPC and procedure for fire protection at an MVA?
- One firefighter to wear full structural turnout PPC and SCBA
- A manned line of 38mm hose charged to 400kPa, pump with recirculation valve open.
-If a fire occurs, charge to 800kPa at the pump to achieve 700kpa at the branch.
45
According to STP - What environments should SCBA be worn in?
Heated or extremely low temperatures
Oxygen deficient or enriched environment
Toxic atmospheres
Smoke
46
Owners and occupiers of premises can deposit keys at their nearest fire station so that firefighters can gain access without causing unnecessary damage. Located in the Forms filing cabinet on the intranet, name the two forms that need to be completed when receiving keys to private premises.
1. Keys To Private Premises - Applicant (used in conjunction with Deposit of Keys form)
2. Keys Deposit - Station Commander (used in conjunction with Keys To Private Premises form)
47
As stated in the Health, Fitness and Wellbeing Toolkit- What is it a mandatory requirement to complete prior to undertaking the annual Fitness Drill?
As outlined in the FRNSW Fitness Drill Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PARQ) Instruction,
firefighters must complete a PARQ prior to undertaking their Fitness Drill. This publication is embedded in the Station Planning System (SPS, used by field operations staff) and Employee Self Service (ESS, used by operational support staff) and must be signed off in SPS/ESS prior to undertaking the drill. SPS users must use the system to schedule their Fitness Drill in advance.
48
According to Operations Bulletin 2020-04 - Failure to report damage. When an appliance is found to have unreported damage, the Fleet Operations Officer or Regional Maintenance Officer will notify the Station, Duty, and Zone Commander in writing. The responsible station must submit what form within 8 days?
Agency Member Motor Vehicle Claim Form
49
According to the Fire ePermit policy, a fire permit issued within the ‘Bush Fire Danger’ period will be valid for a period of how many days from the date of issue?
7 days
50
According to the Fire ePermit policy, what aspect of the planned fire does the permit take into account.
safety aspect
51
According to STP - Where should Warden Intercom Points be in a building?
-At EICIE (Chief Wardens Handset)
-Within 4 m of exit within each emergency zone
-Within 4 m of exit on each storey
-Within emergency lift shafts
-Adjacent to FDCIE if remote from EICIE
52
According to STP, name the components in an AS 2118.1 sprinkler alarm valve room
(1) Main stop valve
(2) Test drain
(3) Sprinkler test facility
(4) Sprinkler alarm valve
(5) System pressure gauge
(6) Deluge valve
(7) Water supply with water supply pressure
gauge
53
According to STP, there are two control measures when dealing with live power at an incident. List and describe them.
.Turning off power: turning off power at switchboard, removing fuses & turning off circuit breakers.
.Isolating power: disconnecting the power from the network, performed only by electrical authority.
54
According to STP - Firefighters can ‘turn off’ a solar power system to stop electricity feeding into the structure’s circuits or back to the electricity network if configured to do so. State the recommended procedure.
1. On-site consultation
2. Assume switchboard is live
3. Follow the shutdown procedure
4. Consider if benefits outweigh risks
5. Isolate the power
55
According to STP -When a battery energy storage system is present at a residence, there should be an indicator to alert you to this. What is an example of an indicator, located outside the switchboard.
When a battery energy storage system is present at a residence, there should be an indicator- for example, an ES sticker- outside the switchboard. There should also be data sheets, or further information about this type of system.
56
Operations Bulletin 2023-01- Lists operational actions to follow when dealing with Lithium-ion battery failure in small devices. List these actions.
* Knock-down any fire using copious amounts of water.
* Cool the battery with a cooling stream of water.
* Submerge the device in a suitable container of water if safe to do so.
* If unable to submerge the device, continue cooling and conduct thermal checks every 15 minutes until ambient temperature is maintained for 60 minutes.
* Ensure that all cells are accounted for.
Notify FireCOM that the incident involves a lithium-ion device. FireCOM will send a notification to FIRU.
57
According to STP - If solar panels, or the attached isolators, are on fire, in addition to the considerations with turning off an alternative power source what actions should firefighters take?
* Conduct firefighting from the ground or an aerial appliance.
* Extinguish the fire with a spray nozzle, using a pulse spray in a dispersed pattern
If the solar panel is at ground level, consider using CO2, ensuring that there is at least 250 mm air gap
* NSW Fair Trading notification form to be completed at completion of incident
58
Question 58. DELETED 15 Jan 24
N/A
59
According to STP - Overhaul is a procedure we follow after we attend an incident and extinguish the fire. For your safety during overhaul what is it essential for you to do?
* Wear full structural PPC & SCBA
* Perform atmospheric monitoring using a gas detector.
60
Deleted 23 August 2024
According to STP - What is the minimum PPE that can be worn at a bush fire?
N/A
Multi-purpose helmet
Goggles
Multi-purpose Jacket
GP gloves
Firefighting Gloves (Direct attack)
Duty wear trousers
FF boots
P2
61
According to STP - Property protection is the act of protecting property from the impact of a wildfire. At a major wildfire, FRNSW crews generally engage in property protection roles. We generally have 3 strategies for carrying out property protection. Name and describe them
Line Defence
Protect the perimeter of a property until resources are sufficient for an offensive attack
Ember Defence
Firefighter focus is on extinguishing embers and spot fires around Structures
Backstop Defence
Firefighters retreat while fire front passes and moves back in to save saveable structures afterwards
62
Operations Bulletin 2023-01- Lists the hazards and risks at incidents involving Lithium-ion batteries in small devices. List all as stated in the bulletin
Thermal Runaway
Extreme fire behaviour
Release of toxic vapour and gases
Hazardous materials and leaked electrolytes
Stranded energy
Projectiles
Secondary ignition.
63
As described in STP - When conducting ventilation using a fan, what is the most effective inlet/outlet ratio?
the most efficient ratio is 1:4 (outlet 4x larger than
the inlet)
64
According to SOGs - When an LPG container is involved in fire, what area of the container is considered most crucial and a high priority area for cooling?
The container’s vapour space (area above the liquid)
65
As recommended in STP - When conducting ventilation with a fan, the fan should be set back approximately how far from the door
The fan should be set back approximately the height of the door
66
According to Work Instruction- “Bagging contaminated gear” What equipment is required for bagging contaminated gear (not PPC) at an incident to minimise the risk presented by hazardous contaminants during storage or transport?
* The appropriate bag for the type of contaminant
* Cable ties or strong tape to seal the bags.
* A contaminated equipment tag to attach to the bag with relevant details.
67
You are responded to a bushfire with four Fire Rescue NSW pumpers two RFS tankers and one inspector, according to SOGs what class is the fire?
Class 1
68
According to the guideline support document for electricity SOGs - Electrical transformers in high density areas of cities maybe situated in underground vaults, if a fire occurs in one of these vaults, CO2 can be injected via a wall mounted or footpath CO2 connection box. What does the number on the connection box indicate?
The number of CO 2 cylinders required to be injected.
69
According to the guideline support document for electricity SOGs - What factors affect voltage gradient at wires down?
The voltage gradient varies depending on:
* Composition of the ground – eg concrete, road surface, soil
* Moisture content
* Voltage of the electrical source
70
According to the guideline support document for electricity SOGs - Conductors allow electricity to easily pass through them. List five conductors.
* Metals (eg copper, aluminium, steel)
* Human body
* Flame and dense smoke
* Vehicle tyres
* Some fire extinguishing mediums
* Water – including hose lines
71
According to the guideline support document for electricity SOGs - Name four measures to control the risks associated with electricity
* Stay away from the hazard. Always regard it as live until you know otherwise.
* Assess the risks from at least 8 metres away from the hazard.
* If suspected to be electrically hazardous, establish an Exclusion Zone.
* Have the electricity company isolate power.
72
As listed on the SIMS Worksheet: Electrical safety kit - State the inventory stored in the green canvas bag of the electrical safety kit.
1 x pair of insulating gloves
1 x pair of leather overgloves
2 x non-contact AC voltage detectors, either Modiewark Rescue or GLM Mini Rescue
73
According to Recommended practice - When using the gloves from the electrical safety kit, what is the correct donning sequence?
* Put on electrical gloves first.
* Put over-gloves on over the electrical gloves to protect the electrical glove from damage.
* The cuff of the electrical glove must extend beyond the cuff of the over-glove.
* The cuff of the electrical glove must be above the cuffs and sleeves of your PPC
74
According to SOGs - FRNSW has an interagency notification policy, list the reasons NSW Police are required to be notified.
Possible terrorist incident
Crime investigation
Site, crowd, traffic and evacuation management
Rescue incidents
75
You are responded to fire in a Correctional facility, centre or complex operated by government agencies or private contractors. As stated in FRNSW SOGs on arrival what actions should be taken?
* Identify and liaise with the Emergency Coordinator.
* Start developing the IAP.
* Nominate a staging area and advise FireCOM.
* Access the Red Fire Emergency Plan Box containing the sie specific information.
* Prepare the appliance and secure equipment before entering the facility. List all equipment to be taken in.
76
According to the Preventing and Managing Unreasonable Behaviour and Bullying Policy, what is the definition of workplace bullying?
“Workplace bullying is repeated and unreasonable behaviour directed towards a worker or a group of workers that creates a risk to health and safety”.
77
Question 77. DELETED 15 Jan 24
N/A
78
According to the ‘Firefighter’ role description found on the Intranet, list 5 Duties/Accountabilities required in this role
* Contribute to the Station's operational readiness, including the maintenance of appliances, tools and equipment
* Undertake station duties to facilitate the general running of the station
* Attend fire and other emergency incidents providing expert knowledge and assistance commensurate with rank
* Assist with investigations into the cause of fires
* Support the Station Officer in actions to achieve FRNSW’s goals of protecting life, property and other initiatives under the Plus Plan
79
According to STP - What guideline (general rule) should be followed when tasking crews at a residential structure fire?
Task
Location
Objective
80
According to STP -What is recommended configuration for relay pumping operation?
Base pump should always be the largest capacity appliance
5 Lengths between Base and relay Pump
7 Lengths relay to Relay or Fire ground Pump
(2 lines min)
81
According to STP – ‘Fire Safety and Investigation’ there are four classifications of cause. Name and describe them.
Natural
Fire which starts by a natural act without any human influence
Accidental
Fire which starts accidently from human activity or influence.
Incendiary
Fire which starts from deliberate and intentional human act
Undetermined
Fire where the cause cannot be identified
82
Whilst participating in a community event at the local oval and armed offender attack occurs. According to SOGs, what actions should you take?
Escape
As a priority, remove yourself and others from close proximity to the offender/s or areas they might reasonably access.
Hide
If you don’t believe you can safely escape, consider sheltering in place & constantly re-assess the situation.
Tell
The more information you can pass on to FireCOM or the Police, the better, but never at the risk of your own safety or the safety of others.
83
According to SOGs - There are many duties of the BA Control Operator, list five.
* Establish BA Control as close to the entry/exit point as possible.
* Check and enter all details on the BA Control Board.
* Calculate and monitor entry and exit times.
* Monitor all radio communications within the sector.
* Provide updates to their Commander as required.
84
According to Firefighters Training Manual - The numbers relayed back from FireCOM for the Hazmat Action Guide (HAG) sheet are used to determine PPE, form, hazards, effect with water, action, firefighting, and personnel decontamination. TX at the end of the transmission means there is text. What does the text usually refer to?
This TX or text usually relates to Additional Personal Protection (APP)
85
According to SOGs - What can P2 particle masks be used to protect against?
* Known low concentrations of inert dust, such as those produced when cutting metal or wood.
* Concrete, stone and masonry cutting operations where the work piece can be kept wet.
* The particles, but not the gases such as CO, in bushfire smoke.
* Contamination by body fluids
86
According to SOGs - At any incident, the Incident Commander will consider the incident phase and the risk that may be accepted. Describe the life at risk phase.
Where there are savable human lives.
The incident is uncontrolled and requires rapid actions.
A higher level of risk may be accepted
87
According to Firefighters Training Manual -You attend a house fire at 2am and on arrival notice a small amount of smoke issuing from the ground level of a 2-storey residence. Two cars are parked in the driveway. What three principles should you keep in mind when forcing entry?
- enter without undue delay;
- enter with the minimum of structural damage; and
- enter so as to provide access to as much of the building as possible.
88
According to SOGs -You respond to a building fire and the contaminated runoff/pollutant is impacting a canal that runs into a creek. Which agencies are you required to notify?
EPA; Environment Protection Authority
TNSW; Transport for NSW
89
Question 89. DELETED 15 Jan 24
N/A
90
According to SOGs - What are the three basic principles for communication at incidents?
(a) to use the principles of ICS and ensure an effective span of control;
(b) to establish a flow of information at all levels of the incident, without overwhelming the IC or ComCen with superfluous data; and
(c) to ensure the safety of firefighters by using effective communication.
91
Question 91.DELETED 15 Jan 24
N/A
92
According to SOGs - Emergency Response Teams have varying levels of skills, equipment, and training. Depending on the hazards involved, the IC must determine, from Pre-Incident Planning and discussion with the Emergency Response Team Leader, their role at an incident. Name three activities Emergency Response Team can participate in.
* Specialist advice to the IC relating to hazards, industrial processes and installed fire systems.
* Operation of valves and other industrial processes.
* Fire attack under the control of NSWFB officers.
93
SOGs describe how to de-escalate an incident. What is de-escalation?
De-escalation is the scaling back of FRNSW involvement at an incident.
94
According to SOGs - The Emergency Control Organisation may consist of people identified by coloured helmets, hats, caps, vests, or tabards. Name the members and the identifying colour.
WHITE: Chief warden, deputy chief warden, communications officer
YELLOW: Floor & Area warden
RED: Wardens
WHITE CROSS on GREEN Background: First Aid officer
95
What are the correct meanings for the numerical codes:
* Code 3
* Code 6
* Code 4
* Code 1
* Code 7
3: On scene at incident or move-up station.
6: Incident in Rural Fire District.
4: Available for response.
1: Responding to an incident or move-up
7: Unavailable for response
96
You are completing a pre-incident plan for an occupancy located within your station area. Your priorities are confirming correct keys and swipe cards, along with updating information for the MDT. The SO directs you to inspect the Fire Control Room. According to the SOGs, What features are included in a Fire Control Room?
* a fire isolated room with a 2-hour fire rating and separate ventilation
* two exit points, to the front of the building and directly into a fire exit
* Fire Indicator Panel
* Fire Fan Control Panel
* Master Emergency Control Panel
* controls for fire pumps
* Security Alarm and Control Panels
* telephone (direct line outside)
* whiteboard, corkboard and plan table
* Tactical Fire Plans (maps and schematics).
97
You are attending an incident at a large cold storage facility. Your SO has directed you to cut into an Insulated Sandwich Panel (ISP). Prior to cutting the ISP, you conduct a risk assessment. According to the SOGs, list the important issues to consider?
* if there is sufficient time and resources available.
* leaked refrigerant gas which may be pocketed behind panels or in ducting
* electrical wiring or refrigerant gas pipes that may be located behind the panels
* the potential to generate sparks that could ignite flammable refrigerant gas or EPS panel cores
* Weakening of the structure when multiple panels are cut.
* An increase in fire activity due to the introduction of air.
98
You are attending a 3rd Alarm structure fire and note the current incident commander is being overwhelmed by radio messages. According to SOGs, following span of control rules, what is the optimal amount an individual resources you should communicate with?
Span of control for an individual 1:5
99
It is the responsibility of the Incident Commander (IC) to ensure that in general, each tactical priority has been addressed, according to the SOGs, involving structure fires the IC should consider how many sides of the fire?
Consider the SEVEN sides of the fire;
front, rear, both sides, top, bottom and inside.
100
On arrival at an incident, you observe the EWIS is operating. Upon closer inspection you note it has defects. According to the SOGs, what actions should you take?
If any defects are noted, advise the NSWFB Fire Safety Division to have the matter investigated. Do not initiate any action yourself
101
You attend a Hazmat incident involving Phosgene, you appreciate the importance of correct spelling of a substance when transmitting messages to Comms. You are requested to relay the message using the phonetic alphabet. What is the correct phonetic alphabet transmission for Phosgene?
Papa
Hotel
Oscar
Sierra
Golf
Echo
November
Echo
102
An MVA has occurred between a truck and two cars requiring the attendance of a rescue unit, the MVA has occurred on the M5 Motorway in the GSA. There are multiple emergency services within NSW that are responsible for rescue incidents. According to SOGs, who determines which emergency service will send a rescue unit to this rescue incident?
NSW Police through the Police rescue coordinator
103
Fumigation is a process of applying a pesticide chemical to a sealed area for a period, generally to treat insects or other vermin. The pesticide is applied in gas form (or a state that produces a gas) to the area. According to SOGs if a firefighter is exposed to chemicals at a fumigation what actions need to be taken on arrival back at station?
1. Have the firefighter shower and dress in clean clothing.
2. Record the exposure in the Occurrence Book and eAIRS report.
3. Ensure that Notification of Injury, Illness, Exposure or Near-Miss (NIIENM) form is completed.
104
According to SOGs - FRNSW priorities guide the strategy and incident action plan (IAP) for the incident. What are our priorities at an incident?
1. The first priority is the safety of firefighters.
2. The second priority is protecting savable lives.
3. The third priority is protecting savable property and the environment.
Resources should not be committed to save what is already lost.
105
Deleted 15 Jan 2024
According to FRNSW fatigue management procedure permanent firefighters, what is the recommended consecutive hours break taken after completion of their second 24-hour shift, prior to recall, part change of shift or any other overtime in order to minimise fatigue risk.
N/A
Breaks between rostered shifts must be at least eight hours
106
According to the clean firefighter policy describe onsite decontamination.
Onsite decontamination occurs as people and equipment leave the Hot Zone to recycle, when entering rehabilitation, or when leaving the incident.
The aim of decontamination is to ensure zero exposure for firefighters, with all contaminates removed and left at the incident, where possible.
107
According to the Toolkit on the intranet during a bushfire with CFUs. List the roles and responsibilities of CFU members.
* Prior to the arrival of the fire front – prepare their properties and extinguish spot fires in their area of activity.
* As the fire front approaches – take shelter until the fire front has safely passed.
* Once the fire front has passed – assist with mop up and recovery in their area of activity.
* CFU members must not engage in direct firefighting attack on a bushfire
* CFU members must not undertake internal firefighting or major external structural firefighting
108
According to SOGs - A medical emergency access incident is an actual or probable situation where either the Police Rescue Coordinator or the Ambulance Service of NSW (ASNSW) Communication Centre Manager considers serious. What do they consider a person at risk of if access is not gained quickly?
is at risk of further serious injury or death if medical assistance is not provided quickly
109
According to FRNSW Alcohol and other drugs policy, workers must not be in the workplace with a blood alcohol concentration of how many grams or above of alcohol per 210 litres of breath.
0.02 grams or above of alcohol
110
According to STP - What actions should you take upon noticing signs of structural collapse?
* Notify all personnel in the collapse zone
* Notify SO/ Sector commander
* Evacuate premises
* Set up exclusion zone
* Use appropriate water streams
111
According to SOGs - Radio codes for automatic fire alarms (AFAs) are used by the Incident Commander (IC) to send an incident completed (Stop) message to FireCOM at the conclusion of an AFA-reported incident. When AFA call is to an actual fire – i.e., one which FRNSW has been alerted to by the activation of an AFA or manual call point. What is required to be reported to FireCOM?
The IC must ensure that a detailed message is sent with the 100 code.
112
According to SOGs - Safety is paramount at all bushfires. A safety briefing must be completed and communicated to firefighters. Firefighters should constantly review LACES. Describe each letter of the acronym LACES.
Lookouts —know the current fire behaviour, location and size in relation to crew location.
Awareness - Firefighters must be aware of what is happening around them at all times
Communications - Maintain communications in accordance with the communications plan
Escape Routes - identify, agree on & communicate atleast two routes of escape
Safety Zones - identify, agree on & communicate loction of safety zones/refuge locations
113
According to SOGs-Fire danger ratings (FDR) give an indication of the consequences of a bushfire. The higher the fire danger, the more dangerous the conditions. List the ratings.
Catastrophic
Extreme
High
Moderate
No rating
114
According to SOGs when sending radio messages, to ensure they are easy to understand and hear. How should they be formulated?
Be clear, concise and factual
115
According to SOGs - There are three strategies used during bushfires operations.
Name and describe them
Offensive strategy aims at limiting fire spread, the direct attack, the parallel method, the indirect method or a combination of these can be used.
Defensive strategy aims at life and property protection and containment of large, rapidly moving fires. Line defence, ember defence, and Backstop defence.
Safeguarding strategy is not fire suppression but can be used when defensive operations are not safe. Actions are to
• warn
• move
• protect
116
According to SOGs - To minimise the risk of heat related illness, what is the minimum level of PPE that should be worn at a bushfire
Multi-purpose helmet
Goggles
Respiratory protection (P2 particle mask minimum)
Multi-purpose coat, Items worn underneath Duty wear shirt or T-shirt
Duty wear trousers and belt
Firefighting boots and socks
Firefighting gloves
Protective hood (carried)
117
Heat stress is the most common condition which affects firefighters. It all too frequently affects their welfare, but more importantly, it affects their judgement and competence in the field. All firefighters must be able to recognise the symptoms, name three symptoms as stated in SOGs
Dizziness
Weakness
Nausea
118
According to SOGs - The status of a bushfire is the degree to which it is under control. What terminology is to be used in radio messages and sitreps to FireCOM?
Going
Being Controlled
Contained
Patrol
Out
119
Question 119.DELETED 15 Jan 24
N/A
120
According to SOGs - Describe offensive and defensive firefighting strategies
Offensive – operating in close proximity to the hazards.
Defensive – operating away from the hazards.
121
As stated in SOGs - What does the Incident Action (IAP) usually describe?
The IAP describes, at any point in time, the risk assessment, strategy and objectives, incident structure, layout of the incident, and any other relevant information.
122
Question 122.DELETED 15 Jan 24
N/A
123
According to SOGs - At a high-rise structure fire, what are the actions of the first arriving Station Commander?
Become the Sector Commander for the fire floor,
Establishes a Forward Control Point, and
Commences fire operations from the floor below the fire
124
According to SOGs - Twin bore tunnels, where traffic flows occur in separate tunnels, the tunnels are usually separated by 4-hour fire-resisting construction. Crossover passages between the tunnels are usually how many metres apart?
Crossover passages between the tunnels are usually 120 metres apart and may be pressurised
125
According to SOGs - List the roles of FRNSW at incidents involving bomb threats or detonations?
* Support NSW Police Force or the Australian Defence Force (ADF) by protecting life and property from the effects of fires or hazardous materials that may occur.
* Act as the lead agency in urban search and rescue (USAR) operations, if required
* If requested, assist NSW Ambulance.
126
According to SOGs - When referring to storage facilities describe-
* Bulk
* Flatbed storage
* Ventilated
* Sealed
BULK: more than 4 tonnes (net), or more than 4 cubic metres of a substance, not in individual packages, usually fitted with a discharge outlet.
FLATBED STORAGE: a single level building or other structure designed for the storage of solids in bulk of more than 40 tonnes.
VENTILATED: containers open to the atmosphere, including silos with explosion vents that have activated
SEALED: A container that has its openings sealed to prevent oxygen from entering the container – includes containers that are semi-sealed and oxygen-limited.
127
According to SOGs - Standards Australia refers to Breathing Apparatus (BA) as supplied air respirators. Fire and Rescue NSW uses positive pressure supplied air respirators to provide the highest level of protection. Name and describe them.
These include:
* Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
* Extended duration breathing apparatus (EDBA): An SCBA set in twin cylinder configuration which allows firefighters to work for approximately twice the time as single cylinder SCBA.
* Airline respirator: An extension facemask with an airline supplied from a source of compressed air.
These sources include: − Air trolley breathing apparatus
(ATBA): A mobile trolley with compressed air cylinders, a valve assembly and an airline connected to an extension facemask.
− An independent SCBA set.
128
According to SOGs - Decontamination is the process of removing contaminants from people and equipment to prevent further injury and reduce the spread of the contaminant. What are the three ways decontamination can be implemented?
* Standard decontamination
* Emergency decontamination
* Mass decontamination
129
According to SOGs When dealing with radiological incidents, the first priority is to minimise the exposure to radiation while rendering the incident safe. What are the main considerations for protecting people at radiological incidents?
Time – minimise the duration of exposure.
Distance – maximise the distance from the radiological source.
Shielding – maximise shielding between the radiological source and people
130
According to SOGs - What are three types of radiation
1. Alpha radiation
2. Beta radiation
3. Gamma rays and X-rays
131
According to SOGs - Materials that contain asbestos are known as asbestos containing materials (ACM). If asbestos is encountered at an incident, as far as practical, employ dust suppression tactics and leave ACM in situ. Provide three examples of dust suppression tactics.
1. Lightly dampen down ACM with fog spray.
2. Apply a bonding agent such as foam blanket or coloured glue mix to the ACM.
3. Wrap or cover with salvage plastic sheeting.
132
Materials that contain asbestos are known as asbestos containing materials (ACM). There are generally two categories of ACM name and describe them.
Friable asbestos – any asbestos containing material in powder form, or that can be crumbled, pulverised, or reduced to powder by hand pressure when dry.
Non-friable asbestos – any asbestos containing material that is not friable, including materials containing asbestos fibres reinforced with a bonding compound.
133
According to Standing Orders – The minimum number of new PIPs to be completed by each platoon yearly is?
A minimum of four new PIPs a year must be completed by each platoon at a 10/14 station.
134
According to Standing Orders - Why does FRNSW conduct hydrant inspections?
The purpose of hydrant inspections is to:
* ensure that hydrants work when needed
* notify water authorities of problems with hydrants, and
* familiarise crews with hydrants in their area.
135
According to the After-Action Review (AAR) Policy - AARs are held for the purpose of reviewing organisational performance, resulting in a series of observations, which are analysed to produce thematic insights. What time frame should a Type 1 review be conducted?
Immediate or as soon as possible
136
As stated in in the FRNSW Code of Conduct and Ethics - FRNSW has shared values with the NSW Government Sector. Name all the shared values.
Service and Integrity
137
According to FRNSW Policy Managing Gifts, Benefits and Hospitality Policy and Procedure - Any offer of a gift or benefit in excess of $50 or not token in nature, whether it is accepted or not, must be declared and registered with who?
Professional Standards (PSB) by completing the ‘Gifts and Benefits Registration Form on the Professional Standards Gifts and Benefits intranet page’
138
According to the infection prevention and control manual - An infection occurs when another organism enters your body and causes disease. There are six main transmission routes, list four.
* Direct contact transmission
* Indirect contact transmission
* Droplet transmission
* Airborne transmission
139
According to SOGs - What is the unit of measurement for external radiation?
Microsieverts
140
According to SOGs - The risk of developing asbestos related disease depends on many factors. List three factors.
* Concentration of exposure
* Duration of exposure
* Fibre characteristics
141
List and define the three zone systems as outlined in SOGs Scene Security.
* Hot Zone – where no personnel enter until a DRA determines appropriate actions and level of PPE.
* Warm Zone – where Fire and Rescue NSW conducts its operations.
* Cold Zone – where the Incident Control Point and support agencies are located and where the Police implement overall site control.
142
According to SOGs - Operators of aged care facilities have emergency plans, which include a staged evacuation plan. List the stage numbers including the stage FRNSW would likely be involved.
Stage 1
Stage 2 – FRNSW are likely to be involved from this stage
Stage 3
143
According to SOGs - During bushfire operations safeguarding strategy is not fire suppression but can be used when defensive operations are not safe. Describe the actions taken in this strategy
* warn – tailored to the current situation and locality
* move – support, assist and move, particularly vulnerable people to a safer location
* protect – when moving to a safe location is impossible, provide protection in whatever form necessary.
144
According to SOGs - At a high-rise structure fire, what area provides a safe location with building communications, control equipment and plans?
The Fire Control Room (FCR)
145
SOGs state - In some cases, mostly at larger structures and complexes it may not be appropriate to turn off power to the entire structure. List three of these structures or complexes.
* Industrial complexes
* High-rise buildings
* Health care facilities
146
According to the FRNSW smoke alarm installation procedure - When installing a smoke alarm in a residential dwelling, what is the most suitable fixing method to attach to surfaces.
heavy duty double-sided tape
147
Suspicious substance incidents (including suspicious package incidents) are multiagency incidents. FRNSW, the NSW Police Force and the Ambulance Service of NSW have developed multi-agency procedures to provide emergency services personnel with the knowledge, skills, and ability to ensure a consistent and safe approach for management and resolution of suspicious substance incidents. The level of risk can be identified by a colour. What are these colours?
RED (High Risk Incidents)
BLUE (Medium Risk Incidents)
GREEN (Low Risk Incidents)
148
Sexual Harassment is against the law and never acceptable. FRNSW adopts the legal definition of sexual harassment as per the Anti- Discrimination Act 1977. What constitutes sexual harassment as described in the Act
(a) the person makes an unwelcome sexual advance, or an unwelcome request for sexual favours, to the other person, or
(b) the person engages in other unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature in relation to the other person
149
According to the procedure, list the requirements regarding qualifications for a full or part change of shift
Replacement firefighters must have similar qualifications required to meet the needs of the position being filled on the particular shift,
150
According to the procedure, arrangement for a full or part change of shift- The applicant must submit the form to their Station Commander or Supervisor at least how many hours in advance?
At least 24 hours in advance
151
According to the FRNSW Act 1989, what is the definition of a hazardous material incident?
means an actual or impending land-based spillage or other escape of hazardous material that causes or threatens to cause injury or death or damage to property.
152
According to the NSW RFS and FRNSW Memorandum of Understanding, when responding to AFAs within the jurisdictional, responsibility of the RFS, the first arriving brigade can de activate the local alarm, who can carry out resetting of the alarm?
resetting the alarm will only be carried out by FRNSW
153
According to the Toolkit - Workplace Safety- Annual Workplace Safety Inspections aim to reduce the number of safety incidents by identifying and controlling a broad range of potential hazards in FRNSW-owned or leased workplaces. When must each FRNSW-owned or leased workplace be inspected by each year?
inspected by 31 May each year.
154
Question 154.DELETED 15 Jan 24
N/A
155
According to SOGs - When using a hydrant booster, the IC will instruct the pump operator to run the hydrant booster system in one of three modes. List all three
Stand by mode
Activation mode
Deactivation mode
156
According to the workplace safety toolkit - Every workplace should have a prominently displayed Health & Safety Notice Board, list all documents that should be attached?
-SIRA Poster
-Commissioner's Safety Statement
-Safety and Wellbeing Plan 2021-2022
-FRNSW Return to Work Policy and Program Summary
-Workplace Evacuation Diagrams
-WHS Issue Resolution Flowchart
-Guide - NIIENM Submission Workflow
-Safety information and Contacts
-Safety Representatives Template
-First Aid Officers Template (not necessary for stations)
-Fire Warden Template (not necessary for stations)
157
According to Standing Orders - Smoke screen security devices produce a barrier of dense white fog when a monitored security alarm system is activated. FRNSW may be responded to buildings where the smoke screen has been activated and mistaken for a fire. What are two things’ firefighters should consider before entering the building?
* intruders may still be in the building;
* a real fire may have set off motion detectors and activated the smoke screen device.
158
According to the Firefighters Training Manual, what is the definition of thermal capacity?
The amount of heat absorbed for any given increase in temperature.
159
According to the Firefighters Training Manual, flash fires and dust explosions are similar in conditions. Three conditions occur in both flash fires and dust explosions. Which conditions do NOT occur in both?
* the explosive chemical reaction must occur in a confined space.
160
Question 160.DELETED 15 Jan 24
N/A
161
Deleted 23 Aug 2024
During a bushfire, a helicopter is carrying out hot refuelling operations to prepare for ongoing water bombing operations. According to SOGs, a designated Fire Protection Crew should follow what procedures?
N/A
During refuelling, firefighters in full PPE will stand by with lines of hose charged, foam eductor attached and B Class foam ready to be inducted.
162
A 6-level building has a fire burning on the 3rd level. Heat, smoke and fire gases are gradually rising through vertical openings and spreading to floors above the fire. As per the Firefighters Training Manual, what factors will mostly affect the levels reached by these stratified layers?
* the type of fuel in the fire;
* size of the fire;
* size of the internal openings;
* height of the building;
* the weather.
163
At a 4th alarm industrial unit fire, the Incident Commander (IC) had assigned Sector Commanders, a Safety Officer and a Staging Officer with four pumps initially in Staging. The IC later requested an extra six firefighters and a Station Commander from Staging, but there was only one pump in Staging. Why was this error not identified?
The Staging Officer did not advise the IC when spare resources in Staging are low, or fall below the number specified by the IC.
164
You are responding to a fire call in a Scania 320 pumper through small roundabouts in wet weather and the driver reports that the vehicle's brakes are operating independently and intermittently. In accordance with the Operations Bulletin 2014- 02, what actions should be taken?
If drivers of Scania P320 pumpers are continually activating the ESP system, they are travelling too quickly for the road conditions and must alter their driving behaviour.
165
According to the definitions in the STP, provide a detailed description of Hazard and Risk.
A hazard is anything in the workplace that has the potential to cause harm to a person.
A risk is the harm that may occur to a person exposed to a hazard, the level of risk is dependant on likelyhood & severity.
166
Question 166.DELETED 15 Jan 24
N/A
167
Question 167.DELETED 15 Jan 24
N/A
168
You attend a 3rd Alarm structure fire, and the Incident Commander (IC) appoints you the Safety Officer. What is the Safety Officer responsible for? List five.
*Identify unsafe conditions or operations and report these to the IC.
*Identify hazards likely to affect the safety, health, or welfare of personnel.
*Correct unsafe work practices through the appropriate commander.
*Confirm that all utilities are identified and rendered safe.
*Confirm that all health and safety systems are in place
*Request the appointment of additional Safety Officers if needed.
169
FRNSW use different methods to ventilate a structure. All ventilation methods require safety precautions. According to the Firefighters Training Manual, what safety precautions should you practice during vertical or trench ventilation?
* keep a firm footing
* take care to prevent firefighters from sliding and falling;
* don’t walk on spongy roofs.
* watch for indications of weakening structure or other hazards;
* always have a means of retreat
* exercise caution when working near electric wires;
* apply extreme caution when using power tools;
* ensure that firefighters making the opening are standing to the windward side of the cut and wearing the correct protective equipment;
170
You are performing a fire duty after a fire at a factory. The cause is yet to be determined; the Fire Investigation and Research Unit (FIRU) and Police are at work. An employee asks if he can go and retrieve some personal belongings. According to Part 3 Section 32 of the Fire Brigades Regulation 2014, what is your correct course of action?
(a) ensure that—
(i) any premises at the site are not entered, and
(ii) goods are not interfered with or removed from any such premises,otherwise than by persons who can establish their identity and authority to do so, and
(b) report any breach of security to the officer in charge at the site.
171
According to SOGs, as the Incident Commander, you may choose a fast attack command position. What does fast attack enable the IC to do?
Allow for the IC to operate away from the vehicle
More fully size up the incident.
Directly supervise the crew.
Assist the crew with task level work if needed.
Take advantage of the limited window of opportunity available while the incident is in its early stages.
172
Hazardous chemical (Hazchem) emergency action codes provide information for the fire brigade and police on how to deal with a fire or spillage. What does the 3-digit code give basic information on?
indicates the initial action required in the event of a dangerous substance incident, including extinguishing medium, PPE & whether to contain or dilute any spliiage.
173
To extinguish a fire, we must remove one or more factors that form the fire triangle or fire tetrahedron. According to the Firefighters Training Manual, what methods are used to remove one of these factors. List four.
* starvation;
* smothering;
* cooling; and
* interruption of the flame chain reaction
174
According to the Firefighters Training Manual, the use of water as an extinguishing medium on ships has some disadvantages. List three of the disadvantages.
* it is likely to damage cargo;
* it may react dangerously with cargo;
* it can affect a ship’s stability;
extra option
* it always presents a danger of flooding
175
Question 175. DELETED 15 Jan 24
N/A
176
According to STP - Crews operating on levels above the fire should be constantly alert for the potential of fire extension. List the actions should crews take.
*Checking concealed spaces, including ducting and pipework with the TIC
*Closing windows and moving flammable material away from windows
*Always having charged lines of hose
*Maintaining communication with outside crews, who can report any externally visible indicators of changed fire activity
177
You are responded to an aircraft on a runway with smoke issuing from behind the piston engine. All passengers and crew are out. It is a radial engine. According to the Firefighters Training Manual, how does the fire risk of this engine compare to an inline engine and what extinguishing medium would you use?
This type of engine has a greater fire risk due to the locationof the ancillary equipment.
Halons or CO2 are most effective in controlling these fires.
178
According to FRNSW Fatigue Management Procedure - Short-term fatigue management is the management of acute fatigue that may occur as a result of tasks undertaken by firefighters during work hours. As a guide, a break from these tasks should be taken how often?
at least every four hours
179
You have been instructed to commence ventilation. According to the Firefighters Training Manual, when determining where ventilation needs to be carried out, what considerations need to be taken into account?
the nature and proximity of exposures;
the size of the fire;
the seat of the fire;
the wind and weather conditions;
the type of building construction; and
the presence of vertical or horizontal openings and how they may affect ventilation.
180
According to SOGs, if co2 is used to extinguish a fire in an underground vault substation what is the minimum time it needs to be kept sealed within the vault?
at least 20 minutes.
181
According to SOGs, what is the definition of decontamination?
Decontamination is the process of removing contaminants from people and equipment to prevent further injury and reduce the spread of the contaminant.
182
During a bushfire, your sector contains an area where trees and grass are alight under high voltage power lines. According to SOGs, what are the safe working distances and what firefighting activities can you perform?
* Do not engage in firefighting under high voltage power lines.
* Keep people and vehicles a minimum of 25 metres clear of a fire burning under or near power lines.
183
You need to attach a delivery to the hydrant outlet. According to the Firefighters Training Manual, hydrants have what types of deliveries?
* double delivery;
* elbow delivery;
* standpipe delivery.
184
A BA team reports to a Breathing Apparatus Control Operator (BACO) two floors below the fire floor at a high-rise structure fire. They provide their BA tallies to the BACO and proceed to the fire floor but remain in the fire stairs for ten minutes before donning BA and beginning firefighting tasks. Ten minutes after that the BACO is trying to contact the Sector Commander urgently stating that they are running low on air when they are not. According to SOGs, what went wrong?
The BA wearer did not notify the BACO when they donned their facemask and began their air supply
185
According to SOGs, there are five members of a decontamination team. Name all members.
Decontamination Officer
Wash Operator
Wash Assistant
Disrobe Assistant
Pump Operator
186
At an incident, fire crews believe accelerants may have been used. According to Standing Orders, what are possible signs of accelerant use?
* characteristic burn pattern, * indication of fire trailers,
* rapid fire development inconsistent with available combustible materials,
* unusual odours, or
* damage to building consistent with a vapour explosion.
187
You are in charge of firefighters providing fire protection during helicopter refuelling. You instruct them to wear full PPE. According to SOGs, what full PPE will they wear?
* full structural firefighting ensemble, including helmet and gloves
* flash hood
* SCBA
* ear plugs.
188
Under the FRNSW Act 1989, define flammable matter?
(a) any substance capable of ignition or combustion by the application of heat, by means of sparks or spontaneously
189
According to SOGs- Bushfire classes are determined by the level of resources committed to the fire, and its potential impact on the community, economy, essential infrastructure, and not its size. Describe a Class 3 bushfire?
A major bushfire or fires where an appointment is made or is imminent under the provisions of Section 44 of the Rural Fires Act 1997.
190
In relation to toxic chemicals, what are the four main types of military warfare agents?
* Nerve agents
* Blister agents
* Blood agents
* Choking agents
191
You are first arriving Station Commander at a fire to find smoke issuing from a single level house. You have not conducted a 360° size up but have given your crew initial tasks. What actions would most assist in formally assuming command?
* Confirm via initial radio report to FireCOM that an IC is in place.
* Name command.
* Select an appropriate command position – ie fast attack or stationary.
192
You respond to a High-Rise building. According to SOGs, High Rise buildings are generally described by what characteristics?
as being more than 25 metres high or having more than 10 levels.
193
Question 193. DELETED 15 Jan 24
N/A
194
According to the Firefighters Training Manual, what conditions should be determined before carrying out ventilation?
* the seat of the fire has been located;
* crews are ready to enter with charged hose lines;
* back-up crews are ready to enter; and
* communications have been established amongst all crews.
195
You are the Incident Commander at a hazardous materials incident and find wastewater coming from an adjoining business is entering the Hot Zone and spreading contaminants. You order this water supply to be shut off, but the business owner next door complains that he will lose money by shutting down production. What are your general powers in this situation as stipulated under the FRNSW Act?
The officer in charge at a fire or hazardous material incident may cause water to flow into or be shut off from any main or pipe.
196
FRNSW incident management is consistent with the Australasian Inter-service Incident Management System (AIIMS). What are the key principles of AIIMS?
* Flexibility
* Management by objectives
* Functional management
* Unity of command
* Span of control
197
According to SOGs, Describe the term “All Clear.”
The term all clear indicates that primary and secondary searches have been completed
This confirms to the IC that firefighters have checked for occupants in those locations and none have been located.
198
Question 198.DELETED 15 Jan 24
N/A
199
You are the Incident Commander at a large factory fire. There are 8 pumps code 3 at the incident. According to SOGs, list two combinations could you allocate these pumps to achieve three-deep deployment?
A.
1. Work in the hazard zone (1 pump - hot zone, 1 pump - recycling)
2. Be uncommitted and waiting “on-deck” at the edge of the Warm Zone (1 pump)
3. Be uncommitted and waiting in Staging. (5 pumps)
B.
Sector A
1. FA (1 pump),
2. On Deck/RIT (1 Pump)
Sector C
1. FA (1 pump),
2. On Deck/RIT (1 Pump)
3. Staging (3 pumps)
Rehab (1 Pump)
200
FRNSW is committed to achieving the principles and requirements of the Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Policy, to achieve this what are all employees responsible for?
1. Creating a culturally safe workplace environment which is free from discrimination and everyone is valued and treated with respect;
2. Working collaboratively to recognise and appreciate equity, diversity and inclusion;
3. Identifying and addressing any form of discrimination in the workplace
201
According to the Transfer and Mobility Policy, list the reasons permanent Officers and Firefighters may seek transfer or be transferred to other locations
1. Career development,
2. Operational capability (skills and qualifications development),
3. Compassionate issues/staff welfare
4. Location based transfers
5. Performance /disciplinary
202
According to the Firefighters Training Manual, what does the term latent heat of vaporisation refer to?
The amount of heat required to vaporise a unit weight of the extinguishing medium.
203
According to the Firefighters Training Manual, water is drawn from various types of water mains. Name the types of mains.
Trunk
Distributary
Reticulation
204
Question 204.DELETED 15 Jan 24
N/A
205
Insulated Sandwich Panels (ISPs), especially those with Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) cores can create an extremely hazardous environment for firefighters and may force adoption of a defensive strategy from an early stage.
According to SOGs, what are the reasons for this?
reasons:
1. EPS melts and flows like a liquid. It is highly flammable, inducing rapid fire spread, which is undetectable with thermal imaging cameras and can spread to areas remote from the fire origin.
2. Panel delamination, rapidly increases the rate of fire spread, creates secondary pool fires from melted EPS, and causes panels to collapse.
3. There is an increased risk of flashover and backdraught.
4. Large volumes of toxic, thick, black, acrid smoke are produced.
5. Sudden, loss of structural integrity may cause substantial building collapse.
206
According to the Firefighters Training Manual, what are the main types of aircraft?
* civil;
* military; and
* helicopters (civil and military).
207
According to SOGs, when responding into a Rural Fire District, when are you required to send a Code 6?
Immediately it becomes apparent to the Officer-in-Charge (OIC) of an FRNSW appliance that they have received a call to an incident located within a Rural Fire District
208
According to Operations Bulletin 2023-02. List the risk management measures that should be taken when attending incidents involving hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV).
incidents
* Conduct atmospheric monitoring with a four head gas detector for LELs to detect if hydrogen is leaking.
* Use a thermal imaging camera (TIC) to identify if hydrogen fire is present.
* Conduct thermal checks on the battery using a TIC to determine whether thermal runaway may be occurring within the lithium-ion battery. Increasing temperature is an indication that a thermal runaway event may be occurring. If so, use a hose stream to cool.
* Establish an exclusion zone (minimum 15 m) around any hydrogen FCEV incident.
209
The operation (or non-operation) of the pressure relief valve on an LPG storage or transport container does not necessarily mean that a BLEVE is imminent. However, if the valve is operating on an LPG storage container that has no odorant and is labelled accordingly the internal pressure of the cylinder may be rising. According to the Firefighters Training Manual, what are indicators of a possible BLEVE?
* any increase in the noise level from the valve; or
* any sign of bulging or blistering on the outside of the tank or cylinder.
210
In accordance with SOGs, when developing objectives, strategies and tactics what should be considered?
• the response time for requested support;
• the requirements for relief crews and refreshments; and
• whether a change of shift might be necessary
211
You are the Officer in Charge at a hazardous materials incident, and the site manager is failing to cooperate. You advise the site manager of your authority to enter and operate under the FRNSW Act, what does it state?
At the site of a hazardous material incident, the officer in charge,
may take such measures as the officer thinks proper for the protection and saving of life and property, for confining and ending the incident and for rendering the site safe
212
According to the Toolkit - Conduct - Respectful Workplaces, Clear communication is one of the best ways to build a respectful workplace and to avoid conflict. What is the tool that will help employees to communicate clearly when addressing difficult topics.
Straight Talk
213
According to the Toolkit - Mental fitness- What program offers an external service that provides professional and confidential counselling/coaching to help you with challenges, issues or concerns that may be affecting you at work or home.
EAP - Employees Assistance Program
214
According to SOGs - During the de-escalation of an incident, at what stage is command terminated?
Command is only terminated when the last resource leaves the incident.
215
What are principles of situation evaluation in incident management?
* Collecting and evaluating information may start before arriving on scene.
* Once on scene, further information is collected and rapidly evaluated via an initial size up from the vehicle. Whenever possible, the IC should collect additional information via a 360 degree size up.
* The Incident Commander (IC) must identify a set of critical factors and process them into an incident action plan (IAP).
* The IC can only deal with 3-7 critical factors at any one time. If there are more than this, consider expanding the incident structure so that delegation can occur.
* The IC should continually collect information during the incident from commanders and other agencies.
* The IC’s initial size up and decision-making about critical factors may need to be rapid. Once the incident is contained, the IC should take a more deliberate approach.
* Critical factors must be communicated to FireCOM.
* Critical factors may change rapidly as the incident evolves. The IAP must be modified as critical factors change.
* Anyone at the incident may collect information regarding critical factors. These need to be communicated to the IC. Critical safety concerns can be addressed immediately if required, before informing the IC.
* Situation evaluation only ends when command is terminated.
216
According to Recommended Practice, state why the thermal imaging camera may or may not be suitable for use in a flammable atmosphere.
TICs are not intrinsically safe.
217
According to SOGs - A major goal for the IC is to develop an Incident Action Plan for the incident. What is an incident action plan?
is the plan developed by the IC that describes, at any one point, how the IC plans to resolve or control the incident.
218
According to SOGs - What are the terms used in an initial radio report, to indicate the size of a structure at a fire incident.
Small, medium, large, very large and mega
219
As stated in SOGs - Example -Initial radio report - The initial radio report (IRR) is sent by the first arriving officer to FireCOM. It time-stamps command, confirms and identifies the IC, and records initial details about the incident. It should be in Conditions, Actions, Needs (CAN) format and should include
* Confirmation of address.
* Conditions: Brief description of the incident; obvious critical factors including hazards.
* Actions: Initial incident action plan (IAP); assumption of command and naming of
incident strategy.
* Needs: Increase of alarm level as per the Alarm Response Protocol (ARP) & assistance of other agencies if required
220
According to Standing Orders - The Community Activities Reporting System (CARs) is the platform for reporting community activities engaged in at a station level and by our other specialist units. Who is authorised to enter completed activities in CARs.
Any member of the crews participating in the activity.
221
According to FRNSW Cyber Security policy - Employees are responsible to protect the information they use and manage as part of their daily job. Employees are expected to complete Cyber Security Awareness Training how often?
Annually
222
According to the Bushfire Hazard reduction procedure - There are two types of broad area prescribed burns. What are they?
- ‘simple’
- ‘complex’
223
According to the Bushfire Hazard reduction procedure - Pile burns may be carried out by FRNSW to dispose of vegetation resulting from what activities?
* removal of bushfire fuels
* bush regeneration/weed removal from authorised activities
* agricultural activities.
224
According to the Bushfire hazard reduction policy - List occasions when prescribed burning conducted by FRNSW is not permitted in a fire district.
* there is a total fire ban (TOBAN)
* the EPA has issued a No-Burn Notice (unless prior exemption has been granted)
* the Fire Behaviour Index (FBI) is greater than 23
225
According to CASE STUDY 2023-06 on the Intranet, four firefighters injured by unauthorised equipment - During 2020-2021, four firefighters required treatment in hospital after being injured by unauthorised equipment that had been brought into FRNSW workplaces. What is FRNSWs definition of unauthorised equipment as described in the case study?
any item which is purchased, introduced, or used within a FRNSW workplace that has not first met the requirements of the Procurement Manual.
226
When conveying sensitive information on an open channel what should be considered as listed in SOGs?
Non FRNSW people monitor radio transmissions.
Messages containing sensitive information should be sent by alternative means of communication
Non-operational personnel or members of the public may overhear messages.
227
Question 227.DELETED 15 Jan 24
N/A
228
According STP - Who must give consent for PIP inspections to be conducted on a premises?
the building owner or occupier of the building
229
According to Six Minute Intensive Training-Door entry - What are the door entry techniques that can be used with the Halligan tool?
Inward Adze Roll
Outward Adze Roll
Fork Drive
230
According to Six Minute Intensive Training-Door entry - What are the five steps to forcing a door?
1. Size Up
2. Gap
3. Set
4. Force
5. Control
231
According to Six Minute Intensive Training - During Firefighting Operations, what does fire attack crew never ignore
A casualty
232
According to Six Minute Intensive Training – Search and rescue during firefighting operations-The objective of a search is to confirm an ALL CLEAR, this is usually broken into what two components?
The PRIMARY SEARCH
A SECONDARY SEARCH
233
According to SOGs - Describe the terms withdraw and abandon as used by the IC to indicate to crews the urgency required to move from offensive to a defensive strategy.
* Withdraw – this indicates that firefighters have enough time to exit the structure or the position they are working in, with all their equipment, in a controlled manner.
* Abandon – this indicates that there is an immediate threat to firefighter lives and the firefighters must exit the structure or position they are working in immediately and only bring equipment with them if it will not compromise their safety.
234
As stated in Six Minute Intensive Training – Search and rescue during firefighting operations - What signs would indicate it’s time to withdraw?
* Worsening fire/smoke conditions
* Signs of structural collapse
* Previously unknown hazards
* Emergency Radio Message signaling to withdraw or abandon
235
According to Safety Bulletin 2023-03 TIC lanyard entanglement risk - If the TIC needs to be handed between members of firefighting or search and rescue teams what is the safest method to pass to the front firefighter?
around the side of the body of the front firefighter and not over the shoulder.
236
According to Six Minute Intensive Training, what is the purpose of placing an appliance in the fend off position?
The fend off position uses the appliances bulk and visibility to form a physical barrier protecting Fire and Rescue NSW personnel, other emergency services and victims from oncoming traffic.
237
According to the SIMS worksheet - Warning gear is used to mark off incidents sites and warn the public that FRNSW operations are nearby. As listed on the worksheet list three forms of warning gear.
Eflare or strobe kit, the Hazard Ahead sign, barrier and hazmat Hot Zone tape, witch’s hats, and breakdown road triangles.
238
According to the SIMS Worksheet - All extinguishers are inspected and serviced by who and at what timeframes?
All extinguishers are inspected and serviced by a competent person six monthly, annually and five yearly.
239
According to STP - What removal technique provides a time efficient technique that removes an unconscious or decreased level of consciousness firefighter from their equipment providing access for assessment and further medical intervention?
The MAY DAY DRAG
240
According to SOGs when responded to a Community First Responder incident and the patient refuses care. What should you do?
If care is refused, observe the patient until the ambulance arrives.
Assume an unconscious patient wants assistance.
If a patient previously refusing treatment loses consciousness, treat them.
241
Question 241.DELETE\D 15 Jan 24
N/A
242
According to Recommended practice - To ensure visibility, firefighters must always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when working on roadways. List the PPE that can be used.
Structural firefighting coat
Multi-purpose coat
High visibility vest
High-visibility raincoat
Duty wear trousers
Structural firefighting trousers
243
Deleted 14 Aug 2024
According to SOGs - Occasionally, FRNSW personnel may have to prepare a helicopter landing site. List the points to be considered when doing this.
N/A
* position the landing site in an area 30 m x 30 m minimum, on solid, level ground away from power lines or wires, and clear of trees or similar obstacles
* mark the corners of the landing site by placing a firefighter at each corner and cordon off to prevent unauthorised entry. Do not use tape or loose materials
* clear all loose debris from the area and secure all NSWFB equipment near the landing site
* in dry, dusty conditions, the landing site may require wetting down to maintain visibility during landing and take off.
244
According to SOGs - Structure Fires in Rural Fire Districts- Where FRNSW is requested to assist the NSW RFS at a structure fire in a rural Fire District who will be the Incident Controller?
the senior officer from the NSW RFS present at the fire will be the Incident Controller.
245
According to Recommended practice, list four safety precautions when using extension ladders.
- The maximum number of persons permitted on the ladder at any time is two.
- Exercise care when ascending and descending ladders.
- Firefighters climbing the ladder must ensure they have 3 points of contact on the ladder.
- A firefighter must always foot the ladder by standing on the anti-slip feet and holding either the rungs or the handles when anybody is on the ladder.
- Maintain a working angle of 4:1
246
According to SOGs - When must Level 1 or Level 2 Rehabilitation be considered?
* Level 1 Rehab – recommended for small incidents not requiring specialist incident ground rehabilitation & uses equipment carried on front line appliances.
* Level 2 Rehab – recommended for long duration incidents or where operations/conditions are such that specialist incident ground rehabilitation are required.
247
According to SOGs - What two items do FRNSW use that lays out safe working practices to manage the safety of firefighters at incidents?
by providing training and doctrine that lays out safe working practices.
248
According to SOGs - There are many aspects to ensuring safety at an incident, from the IC implementing the correct strategy, down to the firefighters wearing the right PPE for their assigned tasks. Incident safety can therefore be described in terms of what three levels?
Individual – task level
Commanders – tactical level
Incident Commander – strategic level
249
Describe the term Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL).
the maximum concentration of a substance to which a worker may be exposed for no more than 15 minutes, 4 times a day over an 8 hour day with 60 minutes between exposures.
250
According to SOGs - What safety related worksheet is used as method of documenting hazards or risks and control measures at an incident?
Incident safety worksheet
