Lez 1 Flashcards
What is the primary focus of regenerative medicine?
Developing and applying new treatments to heal tissues and organs and restore function lost due to aging, disease, damage or defects.
Define regenerative medicine.
Replaces or establishes or regenerates human cells, tissue or organs to restore normal function.
What are the three principles combined in tissue engineering?
- Cell Transplantation
- Material Science (Scaffold)
- Bioengineering Knowledge
What is the purpose of the tissue engineering paradigm?
To support the growth of living cells or attract endogenous cells to aid tissue formation or regeneration to produce therapeutic or diagnostic benefit.
What are the three models used in tissue engineering?
- In-vitro: in the lab
- In-vivo: in the body, usually animals
- Ex-vivo: an organ put in a synthetic environment
What occurs in phase one of tissue engineering?
In-vitro formation of a tissue construct, where cells proliferate and elaborate extracellular matrix.
Describe phase two of tissue engineering.
The construct is implanted in the appropriate anatomic location, where remodeling in-vivo is intended to recapitulate the normal functional architecture of an organ or tissue.
What are the key processes in tissue engineering?
- Cell proliferation, sorting and differentiation
- Extracellular matrix production and organization
- Degradation of the scaffold
What are the three main components of tissue engineering?
- Structure: scaffold (natural, synthetic polymer)
- Cells (autologous, heterologous, stem cells, differentiated)
- Signals (bioactive factors, biomedical factors)
What are the objectives of tissue engineering?
- Understand structure-function relationship in normal and pathological tissues
- Create models for human tissue for detection of toxins or infections
- Control cell and tissue response to injury and stimuli
True or False: The Integro Dermal Regeneration Template is a cellular device.
False
What is the significance of the Infuse bone graft?
It uses bone morphogenetic protein-2 on a collagen sponge to support bone formation.
What is Apigraf used for?
Fibroblasts and keratinocytes on a collagen matrix for use on venous ulcers.
What is a critical component for the clinical availability of tissue-engineered products?
The identification of an optimal cell source that does not lead to immune rejection.
Fill in the blank: Effective scaffolds must promote tissue repair through controlling _______.
[cell behavior and in-vivo responses]
What is meant by ‘ex-vivo tissue maturation’?
The use of bioreactors and stimuli to mature tissue outside the body.
What is the role of FDA approval in tissue engineering?
To ensure safety and efficacy of tissue-engineered products before they reach the market.
What are the challenges in tissue engineering?
- Selecting the correct fabrication process
- Ensuring cell viability
- Achieving tissue-specific differentiation
