Levers, Planes and Axes Flashcards
What are the parts of a lever system?
Load
Fulcrum
Effort
What is a first-class lever?
The fulcrum is in the middle of the effort and the load.
Found in the neck when raising your head to head a football.
What is a second-class lever?
The load is in the middle between the fulcrum and the effort.
Used when taking off for a jump or pushing against the blocks in a sprint start.
What is a third-class lever?
The effort is in the middle between the fulcrum and the load.
Bicep curl
What is mechanical advantage?
The lever can overcome a large load with relatively little effort.
What is the equation for mechanical advantage?
Mechanical advantage = effort arm ÷ resistance arm
Why is a short-load arm good?
Allows heavier load to be lifted
Why is a short-effort arm good?
Allows faster movements over a large range
What is the sagittal plane?
A vertical plane that divides the body into left and right sides. Goes through the belly button. Flexion and extension types of movement occur
What is the transverse plane?
Passes through the middle of the body and divides the body horizontally into an upper and lower half. Rotation types of movement occur
What is the frontal plane?
Passes from side to side and divides the body into the front and back. Abduction and adduction movements occur
What is the transverse axis?
This line runs from left to right through the center of the body. For example, when a person performs a somersault they rotate around this axis.
What is the sagittal axis?
This line runs from front to back through the center of the body. For example, when a person performs a cartwheel they are rotating about the sagittal axis.
What is the longitudinal axis?
This line runs from top to bottom through the center of the body. For example, when a skater performs a spin they are rotating around the longitudinal axis.
