LEVEL 5: CHILD GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT Flashcards
True or False:
Growth ends at maturation.
True
True or False:
Development continues until maturation.
False, because development continues throughout life.
This refers to a process of gradual transformation; there’s an improvement in the level of functioning based on acquisition skills.
Development
This refers to the internal process of change.
Development
This refers to the external process of change; an increase in size is evident through physical changes.
Growth
What is the stage prior to the first stage of Child Development, which ranges from zero to thirty days?
Neonate
This is a stage in child development that ranges from birth to 12 months
Infancy
This is a stage in child development that ranges from 12 months to 3 years
Toddler
This is a stage in child development that ranges from 3 to 6 years
Preschool
This is a stage in child development that ranges from 13 to 18 years
Adolescents
This is a stage in child development that ranges from 6 to 12 years
School Age
This is the process through which human beings typically grow and mature from infancy through childhood
It also provides a framework for thinking about human growth and learning
Child Development Theories
These are theories that focus on various aspects of development including social, emotional, and cognitive growth
Child Development Theories
This is a type of child development theory that occurs in a series of stages focused on different pleasure areas of the body
Freud’s Psychosexual Theory
Fill in the blanks:
Freud’s Psychosexual Theory suggested that the energy of the libido (sex drive & driving force) was focused on different _____________ zones at specific stages.
Erogenous zones
Fill in the blanks:
Failing to resolve the conflicts of a particular stage can result in _____________ that can have an influence on adult behavior.
Fixations
This is a term used to describe the attachment of young males to the mother and desire to replace the father ; includes the concept of castration anxiety
Oedipus Complex
This refers to how threatened the child feels at the fantasy of father’s revenge by castration
Castration anxiety
This refers to the idea of little girls having an attachment to their father ; includes the concept of penis envy
Electra Complex
This is the concept that claims female children experience profound distress upon realizing they do not have a penis
Penis envy
The study explains how a child changes and grows from conception to age 18
Child Development
From Freud’s Psychosexual Stages, this stage includes the fixation of smoking, chewing, etc. and has a primary conflict of weaning. This ranges from birth to 1 year, and the mouth is the erogenous zone.
Oral Stage
From Freud’s Psychosexual Stages, this stage includes the fixation of toilet training. When not observed, they might grow messy, destructive if not attained. This ranges from 1 to 3 years, having the erogenous zones located at the bowel and bladder control
Anal Stage
From Freud’s Psychosexual Stages, this stage includes the fixation of masturbation (autoeroticism) or being a pervert. This ranges from 3 to 6 years, and has the erogenous zone at the genitals.
Phallic Stage
From Freud’s Psychosexual Stages, this stage is about the “period of calmness” because the libido is inactive. This stage also includes the fixation of being immature or having a hard time fulfilling relationships as an adult. This ranges from 6 to puberty.
Latent Stage
True or False:
Freud stated that if the first four stages are successfully achieved without fixations, individuals will be warm and caring
True
From Freud’s Psychosexual Stages, this stage ranges from puberty to death, and the erogenous zones are maturing sexual interests (because the libido is inactive; onset of puberty)
Genital Stage
From Freud’s Psychosexual Stages, this stage is where the ego and superego are fully functioning.
Genital Stage
This child development theory suggests that children and adults face a developmental crisis that serves as a major turning point
Erikson’s Psychosocial Developmental Theory
He believed that social interaction and experience played decisive roles
He also said that if a person successfully manages the developmental crisis on each stage, it leads to lifelong psychological virtue (basic virtue)
Erik Erikson
Erikson’s Psychosocial Developmental Theory:
- 0-18 months old
- “Can I trust the people around me?”
- Basic Virtue: Hope
- Crisis: Trust VS. Mistrust
- Important event: Feeding
- Children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliability, care, and affection
Infancy
Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory:
- 18 months old to 2 Years
- “Can I do things myself? Am I reliant on the help of others”
- Basic Virtue: Will
- Crisis: Autonomy VS. Shame/Doubt
- Important event: Toilet training
- in this stage, caregivers should not be reliant on punishing the children because it can affect their feelings, such as shame or self-doubt
Early Childhood
In Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory, this stage is when children begin to assert their power and control over the world through directing play and other social interactions. It’s also important in this stage to let the children make their own choices.
Preschool: Initiative VS. Guilt
In Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory, this stage is where children begin to develop a sense of pride in their accomplishments and abilities.
School age: Industry VS. Inferiority
In Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory, this stage is where adolescents explore their independence and develop a sense of self. The conflict is centered on developing a personal identity.
Adolescence: Identity VS. Role Confusion
This child development theory is about how children think differently than adults
Piaget’s Cognitive Developmental Theory
He was concerned with the development of a person’s thought processes and mental states
Jean Piaget
From Piaget’s Cognitive Developmental Theory, this stage is when the infant knows the world through their movements and sensations ; wherein object permanence is introduced ; basic actions are introduced such as sucking, grasping, looking, and listening
Sensorimotor Stage
In Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory, this stage is when children begin to think symbolically ; children tend to be egocentric and struggle to see things from the perspective of others
Preoperational Stage
In Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory, this stage is where children begin to think logically about concrete events (uses inductive reasoning- from specific to general concepts)
Concrete Operational Stage
In Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory, this stage is where adolescents begin to think abstractly (uses deductive reasoning - from general to specific concepts)
Formal Operational Stage
True or False:
Some skills as logical thoughts include:
1. Deductive reasoning
2. Systematic reasoning
3. Science and Mathematics
True
