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DSJ APC > Level 2 - Health and Safety > Flashcards

Level 2 - Health and Safety Flashcards

1
Q

Can you advise upon CDM 2015?

A
  • The Construction (Design and Management) Regulations were updated in 2015, due to them being perceived as a bureaucratic exercise.
  • The 2015 Regulations removes the role of the CDM coordinator, and introduces the Principle Designer.
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2
Q

What is the aim of the Construction (Design and management) Regulations?

A

• The aim of the CDM regulations is to ensure Health & Safety is considered throughout the entire project process, from conception all the way through the maintenance and demolition.

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3
Q

What are the requirements for a project to be notified to the HSE?

A
  • Over 500 person days.

* Over 30 working days and over 20 operatives on site at any one time.

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4
Q

What are the Client responsibilities under CDM?

A
  • Welfare Facilities are provided.
  • Ensure the Principal Designer and Principle Contract carry out their duties.
  • all duty holders are appointed, i.e. Principal Designer and Principal Contractor.
  • Provide the Principle Designer with the Pre-construction information.
  • Ensure that minimum health and safety standards are maintained on site.
  • Ensure that the Construction Phase health and safety plan is drawn up by the Principal contractor.
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5
Q

What are the Principal Designers Responsibilities under CDM?

A
  • Plan and Manage health and safety during the pre-construction phase of the project through designing out risks.
  • Identify, eliminate or control all foreseeable risks through design.
  • Ensure designers carry out their duties.
  • Liaise with the Contractor to help them plan, manage, monitor and coordinate health and safety in the construction phase.
  • Prepare and provide relevant information to other duty holders.
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6
Q

What are the Principle Contractors Duties under CDM?

A

• Plan and manage the Construction Phase.
• Prepare a Construction Phase Plan.
Ensure all works have RAMS.
• Ensure there are site inductions.
• Reasonable steps are taken to prevent unauthorised access.
• Welfare facilities are provided.
• Ensure that suitable site conditions are provided.

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7
Q

What is the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974?

A

The Primary piece of legislations covering occupational health and safety in the UK.

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8
Q

What is the aim of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974?

A
  • To secure the Health, safety and wellbeing of all people at work.
  • To protect people against risks from work activities.
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9
Q

What does the Management of Health and Safety at Work act 1999 do?

A

Placed a duty on employers to assess and manage risks to their employees and others, arising from work activities.

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10
Q

How do employers manage the health and safety of their employers, as per the Management of health and Safety at Work Act 1999?

A
  • Through the Risk Assessments and Method Statements.

* Ensuring that employees understand THEIR obligations relating to their health and safety.

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11
Q

What is a Risk Assessment?

A

A Risk Assessment is a systematic examination of tasks, examining the likeliness they will occur, and the impact they will have.

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12
Q

What do you consider when writing a Risk Assessment?

A
  1. Identify all risks.
  2. Determine who might be harmed by the identified risk.
  3. Evaluate the risk and decide on precautions.
  4. Record your findings
  5. Review your risk assessment and update if necessary.
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13
Q

What is a method statement

A

A method statement is the step by step process of the works including the task in hand, the materials used, the tools used and what PPE is required when undertaking the task.
• A document detailing how a particular task or activity will be carried out. It should detail the possible risks/dangers, and the methods of control established to show how the work will be managed safely.

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14
Q

What goes into a Method Statement?

A
  • Working systems to be used.
  • Arrangements for access.
  • Arrangements for protecting the safety of members of the public.
  • Plant and Equipment to be used.
  • Procedures to ensure compliance with CDM Regulations etc.
  • Procedures to prevent local pollution.
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15
Q

What are the three main types of Asbestos?

A
  • White, real name = Chrysotile.
  • Brown, real name = Amosite.
  • Blue, real name = Chrocidolite.
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16
Q

When was each banned in the UK?

A
  • White was banned in 1999.
  • Brown was banned in 1985.
  • Blue was banned in 1985.
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17
Q

What is the main regulation covering asbestos?

A

The Control of Asbestos Regulation 2012

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18
Q

What does this Act impose on employers?

A
  • A duty to manage asbestos on the premises.
  • Employers must undertake a Risk Assessment before commencing work around asbestos.
  • They must produce a plan of works detailing how the work is due to be carried out.
  • Prevent and reduce worked exposure to Asbestos.
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19
Q

What is asbestos?

A

• A fibrous form of natural material, that doesn’t rot, is insoluble and non-flammable.

20
Q

What was asbestos used as?

A 
• Insulation
Boards
• Ceiling Tiles 
• Roof Sheets 
• Lagging on boilers and pipework 
• Floor Tiles
21
Q

When must a Licensed Contractor be used to remove asbestos?

A
  • When there is high exposure to asbestos.
  • When the Risk Assessment cannot clearly demonstrate control.
  • When there are asbestos coated materials, such as when removing asbestos sprayed coatings and works that will disturb asbestos pipe lagging.
22
Q

When is a licensed contractor required to work with asbestos?

A
  • Where there is continuous exposure to Asbestos.
  • When the Risk Assessment cannot clearly demonstrate control.
  • When there are asbestos material removal including setting up takes more than 1 hour work time in a 7 day period.
  • i.e. removal of pipe lagging and asbestos insulation.
23
Q

What are asbestos diseases?

A

Asbestos can cause two main types of damage in humans: cancer, eg mesothelioma or lung cancer; and fibrous thickening of the lung, asbestosis. Other diseases, such as pleural plaques, are less serious as they are not disabling. Mesothelioma and lung cancer are severely disabling and most result in death.

24
Q

What is asbestosis?

A

Asbestosis is a scarring of the lung tissue which restricts breathing, leading to decreased lung volume and increased resistance in the airways. It is a slowly progressive disease with a latency period dependent on the magnitude of exposure.

25
Q

What is mesothelioma?

A

Mesothelioma is a cancer of the cells that make up the lining around the outside of the lungs and inside of the ribs (pleura), or around the abdominal organs (peritoneum). By the time it is diagnosed, it is almost always fatal

26
Q

When must the HSE be notified regarding Asbestos?

A
  • All licensed work must be notified to the HSE.
  • Non-licensed work such as the removal of asbestos cement products where the product is substantially damaged.
  • Removal of asbestos insulation boards.
  • Large scale removal of asbestos.
27
Q

What survey would you undertake prior to demolishing an existing building?

A

A Refurbishment and Demolition Survey.

28
Q

What does a Refurbishment and Demolition Survey do?

A

It should identify all asbestos containing materials within an existing building.

29
Q

What other surveys do you know that relate to asbestos?

A

Asbestos Survey.

30
Q

What does an Asbestos Survey do?

A

It will identify all existing all asbestos within a premises, by providing information about the location, amount, condition and type of Asbestos Containing Material.

31
Q

How do you dispose of Asbestos Waste?

A
  • It should be placed in suitable packaging to prevent fibres being released.
  • It should be sent to a licensed disposal site.
32
Q

What is the Health and Safety Executive?

A
  • A national independent watchdog for work-related health, safety and illness.
  • It acts in the public interest to reduce work-related death and serious injury across Great Britain.
33
Q

Does the RICS publish any guidance on Health and Safety for a Surveyor?

A

Yes, Surveying Safely, which has traffic lights on the front cover.

34
Q

What is covered in surveying safely?

A
  1. Personal and Corporate responsibilities.
  2. Legal Considerations and duties.
  3. Assessing Hazards and risks.
  4. Occupational Health.
  5. Visit premises and sites.
  6. Procurement and Management of contractors and construction work
35
Q

What should you do if attending a derelict site by yourself?

A
  1. Carry out a pre-assessment of the likely hazards on the site.
  2. Consider how you are going to travel to and from the site.
  3. Take the appropriate PPE
  4. Tell others you are going to site and the likely time you will return.
  5. Assess the condition of the site, if unsafe do not enter.
  6. Assess if the site is occupied, if so you may have to inform them of your visit.
  7. Is there the likeliness of any Dangerous substances, COSHH etc.
  8. Only enter if there is no risk to your safety and wellbeing.
36
Q

On your project described within your case study, how measures did you or your company take to ensure good standards of Health and Safety where adhered to when undertaking work?

A
  • Ensure all workers were wearing the appropriate PPE.
  • Producing and preparing Method Statements.
  • Adhering to the principle contractor’s site rules.
  • Attending site inductions.
  • Submitting appropriate RAMS etc.
37
Q

What are your and your client’s responsibilities under CDM?

A

• My responsibility to inform my client of their responsibilities.
Clients:
• Provide pre–construction information to designers.
• Appoint PD and PC with suitable Skills, Knowledge and Experience and ensure they comply with their duties.
• Ensure Construction Phase H&S Plan in place prior to works staring.
• Retain Health & Safety File.

38
Q

What would you do if you saw an unsafe practice on site?

A

Report it to the site manager.

39
Q

Where you may find asbestos:

A
  • Ceiling voids – sprayed asbestos lagging or coating to structural members for fire protection.
  • Pipework – sprayed asbestos or lagging tied round pipework for insulation and fire protection.
  • Ceiling boards or boards applied to doors for fireproofing – Asbestos Insulating Boards
  • Roof Coverings – asbestos cement roofing.
  • Water tanks may be made from asbestos cement.
  • Floor tiles.
  • Fire doors – may contain Asbestos Insulating Board for fire proofing.
40
Q

What are the current regulations for asbestos?

A

Control of Asbestos Regulations (2012).
• Prohibits the importation, supply and use of all forms of asbestos.
• Places a duty of care on the ‘duty holder’ to undertake an assessment to find out if any asbestos is present within their building.
• The duty holder can be a building owner, occupier or manager.
• Asbestos inspections must be conducted annually or if there are any changes e.g. refurbishment or demolition works, and the assessment reviewed and updated to ensure continuous monitoring of the condition of any asbestos containing materials.

41
Q

What types of asbestos survey are there?

A

Management Survey
• Required during normal occupation and use of the building to ensure continued management of the ACM’s in situ.
• A visual inspection which specifies types of material that should be sampled.
Refurbishment and Demolition Survey
• Fully intrusive survey undertaken when the building is to be upgraded, refurbished or demolished.
• Full sampling programme undertaken.

42
Q

How is asbestos removed?

A

Process of Asbestos Removal:
1. Notify the HSE via online form if the works are notifiable i.e. high risk of fibre release if disturbed must be done 14 days before start of licenced removal.
2. Obtain licence for removal from HSE unless works are exempt under Reg3(2) and 3(2)(c) of the CAR 2012 must be done at least 28 days prior to the start date of licence.
3. Appoint UKAS accredited Contractor (United Kingdom Accredited Service) – a list of contractors can be found on the HSE website.
4. Commence removal works – HSE inspect during works.
5. Enclosure / Decontamination Unit for asbestos removal works as required.
Ensure asbestos removed is appropriately disposed of, i.e. double bagged etc. and taken to suitable refuse tip.

43
Q

What is required in the duty to manage asbestos?

A

■ finding out if there is asbestos in the premises (or assessing if ACMs are liable to be present and making a presumption that materials contain asbestos,unless you have strong evidence that they do not), its location and what condition it is in;
■ making and keeping an up-to-date record of the location and condition of the ACMs or presumed ACMs in your premises;
■ assessing the risk from the material;
■ preparing a plan that sets out in detail how you are going to manage the risk from this material;
■ taking the steps needed to put your plan into action;
■ reviewing and monitoring your plan and the arrangements made to put it in place; and
■ setting up a system for providing information on the location and condition of the material to anyone who is liable to work on or disturb it.

Anyone who has information on the whereabouts of asbestos in your premises is required to make this available to you as the duty holder, but you will need to assess its reliability. Those who are not duty holders, but control access to the premises, have to co-operate with you in managing the asbestos.

44
Q

Give me some examples of high risk ACMs

A

Asbestos pipe lagging
Asbestos insulating board
Perforated AIB Ceiling tiles
Doors with AIB panels

45
Q

Give me some examples of low risk ACMs

A

Fibre cement sheets

Asbestos containing floor tiles

46
Q

How would you assess the condition of ACMs?

A

■ Is the surface of the material damaged, frayed or scratched?
■ Are the surface sealants peeling or breaking off?
■ Is the material becoming detached from its base? (This is a particular problem with pipe and boiler lagging and sprayed coatings.)
■ Are protective coverings, designed to protect the material, missing or damaged?
■ Is there asbestos dust or debris from damage near the material?

f the ACMs in your premises are in poor condition, you will have to arrange repairs or have them sealed,
enclosed or removed.

47
Q

In terms of maintenance, how would you manage asbestos in various differing conditions?

A 
Minor damage
■ The material should be repaired and/or
encapsulated
■ The condition of the material should be
monitored at regular intervals. Where
practical, the material should be labelled
■ Inform the contractor and any other
worker likely to work on or disturb the
material

Good condition
■ The condition of the material should be monitored at regular
intervals
■ Where practical, the material should be labelled
■ Inform the contractor and any other worker likely to work on
or disturb the material

Poor condition

■ Asbestos in poor condition should be
removed

Asbestos disturbed

■ Asbestos likely to be disturbed should be removed

DSJ APC (54 decks)

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