Leukemia

Question 1

Define leukemia and contrast w Lymphomas

Answer 1

Malignancies of Hematopoietic system
- involves bone marrow, found circulating in blood;

VS malignancies of lymphoid system, primarily outside bone marrow, as Masses;

Question 2

Cell lines to be neoplastic for leukemia

Answer 2

Myeloid: Erythroid + Megakaryocytic + WBC

Lymphoid line

Question 3

Acute Leukemia presentation

Answer 3

BM suppression

• anemia
• infection
• bleeding

Neutropenic fever

Question 4

Chronic Leukemia presentation and 1 histological difference w acute

Answer 4

Non-specific symptoms
- more well-defined cells vs immature blast cells with large NC ratio

A leukemia is acute or chronic depending on whether most of the abnormal cells are immature (and are more like stem cells) or mature (and are more like normal white blood cells). In chronic leukemia, the cells mature partly but not completely. These cells may look fairly normal, but they’re not.

Question 5

Categories of Leukemia

Answer 5

Acute Lymphocytic
Chronic Lymphocytic

Acute myeloid
Chronic myeloid - CML Philadelphia t(9;22)

Question 6

Spleen functions [2]

Answer 6

Production of lymphoreticular cells hence Splenomegaly when BM fails

Filtering function - White: PALS T cells, Follicles for B cells; Red pulp w macrophages

Question 7

Splenomegaly [6]

Answer 7

Infection
Congestion - recall splenic vein drains into HPV
Autoimmune - rheumatoid arthritis
Neoplasm
Storage Disease