Leukemia Flashcards
Acute leukaemia of ambiguous lineage (ALALs)
> 20% abnormal progenitors that do not show differentiation along a single lineage
<4% of acute leukaemias.
Acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL) - lack lineage commitment
Mixed phenotype leukaemia (MPAL) - differentiation along more than one lineage. Biphenotypic vs bilineage.
Leukaemias otherwise meeting criteria for t(8;21) AML, inv(16) AML, myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms, CML in blast crisis, AML-MR and tAML should be classified as such, with a notation that they exhibit a mixed lineage immunophenotype
Typically express one myeloid marker (but not two) ie CD13, CD33 and CD117
CD34, HLA-DR and TdT are frequently expressed as well as CD7 and CD56.
lack unusual lineages (NK cells, megakarycoytes etc)
AULs classification
Classification of MPALs
This table is only helpful if you want to give it MORE than one lineage (aka call it a MPAL).
Hence, you can define an AML without MPO if there are two myeloid markers.
What molecular abnormalities are commonly seen in MPAL?
AUL with defining genetic abnormalities:
Poor prognosis
Usually treat with ALL based regimens
