Leukaemia - Chronic Lymphoid Leukaemia

Question 1

Epidemiology

Answer 1

Most common adult leukaemia
+ 55
Family history
Male Sex

Question 2

Pathophysiology

Answer 2

Neoplastic proliferation of mature B lymphocytes. Collect in the blood, and can be seen on blood film.

Question 3

Signs

Answer 3

LYMPHADENOPATHY
Hepathosplenomegaly
Signs of anaemia

Question 4

Symptoms

Answer 4

Fatigue
Easy bruising
Loss of appetite
Weight loss
Fever + recurrent infections

Question 5

Diagnosis

Answer 5

FBC + Blood film = thrombocytopenia, SMUDGE CELLS
Genetic analysis = identify chromosomal deletions
Immunoglobulin’s = hypogammaglobulinemia = b cells proliferate but don’t differentiate into plasma cells

Question 6

Treatment

Answer 6

Chemo =
FLUDARABINE +
RITUXIMAB +
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE

Question 7

Complications

Answer 7

Richter transformations = b cells massively accumilates in lymph nodes = massive lymphadenopathy + transforms to non Hodgkin lymphoma
Gout
Tumour lysis syndrome
Hypogammaglobulinaemia
Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia