Let's do this Flashcards
Spherical cell = ?
coccus
Rod shaped cell = ?
bacillus
Spiral shaped cell = ?
spirillum
What is the name for a cell lacking a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles? It includes bacteria and cyanobacteria (formerly the blue-green algae)
Prokaryotes
Coccobacillus = ?
short rod shaped cell
Spirochete = ?
corkscrew shaped bacterial cell
Pleomorphic = ?
Bacteria that are variable in shape and lack a single characteristic form
What are the properties of a Gram positive cell wall?
thick peptidoglycan layer
stain purple
What are the properties of a Gram negative cell wall?
Thin peptidoglycan layer
stain pink
Is Lipid A found in a gram positive or negative cell wall and what is it responsible for?
Gram negative
Responsible for symptoms associated with the endotoxin
What color do Acid fast cell walls stain?
They don’t d/t lipid content of cell wall
What causes the rigidity for cells that lack a cell wall?
sterols
How frequently is facilitated diffusion used in bacteria?
rarely used
Where is the site of oxidative phosphorylation – synthesis of ATP using proton motive force
established as electrons are passed to oxygen, the terminal electron acceptor
cytoplasmic membrane
What is a Mesosome?
invaginations of the cytoplasmic membrane that can form into vesicles
What is the Periplasmic space?
the space between the inner and outer membranes in Gram negative cells
-store degradative enzymes
Where is the gram positive periplasmic space?
Gram positive bacteria lack a periplasmic space; instead they secrete exoenzymes and
perform extracellular digestion
Which term literally means “brought forth by a healer”
Iatrogenic
-used to refer illness caused by or resulting from medical treatment
Which term means that infections that result of treatment in a hospital or hospital-like setting, but secondary to the patient’s original condition.
Nosocomial infection
What is a disinfectant applied to tissue?
Antiseptic
What is a substance that kills/removes only bacteria?
Bactericide
What is a severe infection leading to a systemic immune response?
Sepsis
What is the use of aseptic technique?
asepsis
What is the inhibition of microbe growth?
Microbiostasis
How does an autoclave sterilize something?
Steam with pressure
What are the antibiotics that inhibit cell wall synthesis?
Penicillin Cephalosporins Bacitracin Vancomycin Isoniazid
What is an example of an antibiotic that is a cell membrane disruptor?
Polymyxin B and E
What are the examples of antibiotics that Inhibit Protein Synthesis?
Streptomycin Tetracycline Chloramphenicol Erythromycin Spectinomycin
What are the examples of antibiotics that Inhibit nucleic acid synthesis?
Rifampin
Quinolones
What are the examples of antibiotics called Antimetabolites?
Sulfonamides (sulfa drugs)
Trimethoprim/Nitrofurantoin
