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PMLS > Lessons 4 - Clinical Lab Info > Flashcards

Lessons 4 - Clinical Lab Info Flashcards

1
Q

An act regulating the operation and maintenance of clinical laboratories and requiring the registration of the same with the department of health, providing penalty for the violation thereof, and for other purposes. Approved on?

A

Republic Act No. 4688

June 18, 1966

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2
Q

Natures of the Clinical Laboratory.

A

According to function
According to institutional characteristics
According to ownership
According to service capability

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3
Q

Rules & Regulation Governing the Establishment, Operation & Maintenance of Clinical Laboratories in the Philippines

A

Administrative Order No. 59 s. 2001

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4
Q

Clinical Laboratory

A

Place where specimens collected from individuals are processed, analyzed, preserved, and properly disposed.

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5
Q

Define the natures of clinical laboratory according to ownership.

A

Privately-Owned - clinical laboratories are owned, established, and operated by an individual, corporation, institution, association, or organization.

Government-Owned - clinical laboratories are owned, wholly or partially, by national or local government units.

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6
Q

Define LIMS.

A

Laboratory information management system is a comprehensive software tool used for centralizing laboratory’s operational workflows and is sample-centric rather than patient-centric.

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7
Q

Nature of the clinical laboratory according to institutional characteristcs.

A

Institution-Based - clinical laboratory that operates within the premises or part of an institution.

Free-standing - clinical laboratory is not part of unestablished institution.

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8
Q

Automation

A

Process whereby an analytical instrument performs many tests with only minimal involvement of an analyst or laboratory scientist applied in clinical chemistry.

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9
Q

The first fully automated laboratory was implemented in ____________________ by _________________ (automation pioneer).

A

Kochi Medical School, Masahide Sasaki

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10
Q

Define LIS.

A

Laboratory Information System is patient-based. It stores and manages patients’ data and their test results. A LIS system includes patient-centric features.

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11
Q

Nature of the clinical laboratory according to function.

A

Clinical Pathology - clinical laboratory that focuses on the areas of clinical chemistry, immunohematology and blood banking, medical microbiology, immunology and serology, hematology, parasitology, clinical microscopy, toxicology, therapeutic drug monitoring, and endocrinology, among others.

Anatomic Pathology - clinical laboratory that focuses on the areas of histopathology, immunohistopathology, cytology, autopsy, and forensic pathology among others.

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12
Q

Minimum working space requirement for primary, secondary, and tertiary.

A

Category space in sq. m.
Primary 10
Secondary 20
Tertiary 60

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13
Q

Section of clinical laboratory subdivided into four sections: bacteriology, mycobacteriology, mycology, and virology.

A

MICROBIOLOGY

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14
Q

Complete Blood Count (CBC)
Hemoglobin
Hematocrit
WBC Differential Count

A

HEMATOLOGY

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15
Q

Urinalysis and Fecalysis section of clinical laboratory

A

CLINICAL MICROSCOPY

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16
Q

A computer system that is designed to manage
all the operations involved in laboratory activities including inputting, processing, and storing the information and data of a lab.

A

Laboratory Information System (LIS)

17
Q

The first autoanalyzer was invented in ______ by _____________________

A

1957, Leonard Skeggs, Ph. D.

18
Q

Main task of Clinical Laboratory

A

Provide accurate and reliable information to medical doctors for the diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and management of diseases.

19
Q

Administrative order No. 59 s. 2001: Section 7

A
  1. Application for permit to construct
  2. Application for new license
  3. Application for renewal of license
  4. Permit and License Fees
  5. Penalties
  6. Inspection
  7. Monitoring
  8. Issuance of license
  9. Terms an conditions of License
20
Q

STAFFING: Technical Standards and Minimum Requirements

A

1) shall be managed by a licensed physician certified by the Philippine Board of Pathology
2) shall employ qualified and adequately train personnel
3) There shall be staff development and appropriate continuing education program available at all levels of the organization

21
Q

Advantages of Automation

A
  • minimum human intervention
  • uses minute amount of sample
  • more tests in less time
  • reduces workload
  • decreased chances of human errors
22
Q

Processes in processing area of specimens.

A
  1. Identified
  2. Labeled
  3. Schedules for analysis
  4. Centrifuged
  5. Sorted
23
Q 
• Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS)
• Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)
• Total Cholesterol
• High and Low Density Lipoproteins (HDL
and LDL)
• Triglycerides (TAG)
• Blood uric acid (BUA)
• Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
A

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY

24
Q 
• Blood Typing
• Compatibility Testing
• Blood Donation
• Blood Screening
• Blood Component
Processing
A

BLOOD BANK

25
Q

IQAS

A

day-to-day activities day-to-day activities to control factors or variables that may affect test results.

26
Q

Main advantages of LIS

A
  • reduced clerical work
  • better evaluation of workload
  • faster communication
  • improvement of information given to the clinician
  • improved retrieval operations
  • faster billing
27
Q

EQAS

A

System for checking performance among clinical laboratories and is facilitated by designated external agencies.

28
Q

A laboratory in a government hospital designated by the DOH to provide special diagnostic functions and services for certain diseases

A

National reference laboratory

29
Q
  • Hepatitis B
  • Syphilis
  • Hepatitis C
  • Dengue
  • Rheumatoid Factor
A

IMMUNOLOGY and SEROLOGY

30
Q

Activities performed in this

section processing, sections, preparation for microscopic examination by a pathologist.

A

Anatomic Pathology - Histopathology

31
Q

Combines anatomical, clinical, and biochemical techniques used to detect presence of antigens in tissue.

This is useful in the diagnosis of some types of cancers.

A

IMMUNO-HISTOCHEMISTRY

32
Q

DOH-designated QAS

A

National Reference Laboratories (NRL)

PMLS (2 decks)

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