lessons 1-5

Question 1

What are the 2 main types of nervous system?

Answer 1

Central and Peripheral nervous system(s)

Question 2

What is the Central nervous system made up of?

Answer 2

Brain and Spinal chord

Question 3

What is the Central nervous systems main function?

Answer 3

Receive information from sensory receptors and send messages to muscles/glands accordingly

Question 4

What does the Cerebrum do?

Answer 4

Has 2 lobes: Occipital lobe (responsible for processing of visual information) and Frontal lobe (responsible for production of speech)

Question 5

What does the Cerebellum do?

Answer 5

Is responsible for motor function and coordination

Question 6

What does the Brain Stem do?

Answer 6

Regulates breathing and heart rate

Question 7

What does the Diencephalon do?

Answer 7

Contains the hypothalamus which dictates the actions of the pituitary gland

Question 8

What does PNS stand for?

Answer 8

Peripheral Nervous System

Question 9

What is the PNS split into?

Answer 9

Somatic and Autonomic Nervous systems

Question 10

What does the Somatic nervous system do?

Answer 10

Links the senses and the CNS

Question 11

What does the Autonomic nervous system do?

Answer 11

Responsible for digestion, breathing and other unconscious actions

Question 12

What is the Autonomic nervous system split into?

Answer 12

Parasympathetic and Sympathetic nervous systems

Question 13

Sympathetic nervous system is active when you are stressed. T or F?

Answer 13

T

Question 14

When is the Parasympathetic nervous system active?

Answer 14

When your body is recovering from being stressed

Question 15

What are the 3 types of neuron?

Answer 15

Motor, Sensory and Relay

Question 16

What does the cell body do in a neuron?

Answer 16

It is the control center of the neuron

Question 17

What does the nucleus do in a neuron?

Answer 17

It contains the hosts DNA

Question 18

What do dendrites do in a neuron?

Answer 18

They take neurotransmitters from the pre synaptic neuron into the post synaptic neuron, after they have crossed the synapse

Question 19

What does the axon do in a neuron?

Answer 19

It carries the electrical impulse from the dendrites from the cell body to the axon terminal

Question 20

What does the Myelin Sheath do in a neuron?

Answer 20

It insulates the neuron and therefore speeds up the travel of the electrical impulse

Question 21

What do schwann cells do in a neuron?

Answer 21

They make up the myelin sheath

Question 22

What do nodes of ranvier do in a neuron?

Answer 22

They are gaps in the myelin sheath that the electrical impulse must jump across. This speeds up the travel of the electrical impulse

Question 23

What is action potential?

Answer 23

Information in the form of a electrical impulse that is transferred between neurons

Question 24

What is the synaptic cleft?

Answer 24

The physical gap between neurons

Question 25

Synaptic vesicles contain what?

Answer 25

Neurotransmitters

Question 26

Neurotransmitters can either be..?

Answer 26

Excitatory or Inhibitory

Question 27

What is summation?

Answer 27

Adding up how many excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters post synaptic receptors receive and determining an outcome of whether to fire or not because of that

Question 28

What is spatial summation?

Answer 28

When lots of excitatory neurotransmitters are received at different points on the same post synaptic neuron at once

Question 29

What is temporal summation?

Answer 29

Lots of excitatory neurotransmitters attacking the same spot on the post synaptic neuron one after another

Question 30

The Endocrine system secretes hormones. T or F?

Answer 30

T

Question 31

The Pituitary gland is controlled by what?

Answer 31

Hypothalamus

Question 32

The hypothalamus receives sensory information and then sends what to the Pituitary gland?

Answer 32

CRH

Question 33

What does the anterior pituitary gland produce and what does this hormone do?

Answer 33

ACTH - prepares body for fight or flight response

Question 34

What does the posterior pituitary gland produce and what is this hormone important for?

Answer 34

Oxytocin - important in the mother/infant bond forming

Question 35

What does the adrenal cortex produce and when is it released?

Answer 35

Cortisol - after periods of long term stress (chronic stress)

Question 36

What does the adrenal medulla produce and when is it released?

Answer 36

Adrenaline - in a period of sudden stress (acute stress)

Question 37

Where is the Amygdala and what does it do?

Answer 37

It is in the brain and it relates sensory information to a primal emotion

Question 38

What does cortisol do?

Answer 38

Makes you more immune to pain and gives a quick burst of energy. But also weakens immune system and cognitive functioning.

Question 39

What does adrenaline do?

Answer 39

Increases breathing/heart rate and triggers release of glucose into the bloodstream as an energy source

Question 40

Why is the fight or flight response a good theory?

Answer 40

It makes sense in terms of evolution. It is adaptive.

Question 41

Why is the fight or flight response a bad theory?

Answer 41

Recent studies have found that men and women can tend or befriend OR freeze in times of stress, which disproves the fight or flight response to some extent