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A level biopsychology > lessons 1-5 > Flashcards

lessons 1-5 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 main types of nervous system?

A

Central and Peripheral nervous system(s)

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2
Q

What is the Central nervous system made up of?

A

Brain and Spinal chord

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3
Q

What is the Central nervous systems main function?

A

Receive information from sensory receptors and send messages to muscles/glands accordingly

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4
Q

What does the Cerebrum do?

A

Has 2 lobes: Occipital lobe (responsible for processing of visual information) and Frontal lobe (responsible for production of speech)

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5
Q

What does the Cerebellum do?

A

Is responsible for motor function and coordination

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6
Q

What does the Brain Stem do?

A

Regulates breathing and heart rate

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7
Q

What does the Diencephalon do?

A

Contains the hypothalamus which dictates the actions of the pituitary gland

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8
Q

What does PNS stand for?

A

Peripheral Nervous System

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9
Q

What is the PNS split into?

A

Somatic and Autonomic Nervous systems

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10
Q

What does the Somatic nervous system do?

A

Links the senses and the CNS

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11
Q

What does the Autonomic nervous system do?

A

Responsible for digestion, breathing and other unconscious actions

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12
Q

What is the Autonomic nervous system split into?

A

Parasympathetic and Sympathetic nervous systems

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13
Q

Sympathetic nervous system is active when you are stressed. T or F?

A

T

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14
Q

When is the Parasympathetic nervous system active?

A

When your body is recovering from being stressed

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15
Q

What are the 3 types of neuron?

A

Motor, Sensory and Relay

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16
Q

What does the cell body do in a neuron?

A

It is the control center of the neuron

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17
Q

What does the nucleus do in a neuron?

A

It contains the hosts DNA

18
Q

What do dendrites do in a neuron?

A

They take neurotransmitters from the pre synaptic neuron into the post synaptic neuron, after they have crossed the synapse

19
Q

What does the axon do in a neuron?

A

It carries the electrical impulse from the dendrites from the cell body to the axon terminal

20
Q

What does the Myelin Sheath do in a neuron?

A

It insulates the neuron and therefore speeds up the travel of the electrical impulse

21
Q

What do schwann cells do in a neuron?

A

They make up the myelin sheath

22
Q

What do nodes of ranvier do in a neuron?

A

They are gaps in the myelin sheath that the electrical impulse must jump across. This speeds up the travel of the electrical impulse

23
Q

What is action potential?

A

Information in the form of a electrical impulse that is transferred between neurons

24
Q

What is the synaptic cleft?

A

The physical gap between neurons

25
Q

Synaptic vesicles contain what?

A

Neurotransmitters

26
Q

Neurotransmitters can either be..?

A

Excitatory or Inhibitory

27
Q

What is summation?

A

Adding up how many excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters post synaptic receptors receive and determining an outcome of whether to fire or not because of that

28
Q

What is spatial summation?

A

When lots of excitatory neurotransmitters are received at different points on the same post synaptic neuron at once

29
Q

What is temporal summation?

A

Lots of excitatory neurotransmitters attacking the same spot on the post synaptic neuron one after another

30
Q

The Endocrine system secretes hormones. T or F?

A

T

31
Q

The Pituitary gland is controlled by what?

A

Hypothalamus

32
Q

The hypothalamus receives sensory information and then sends what to the Pituitary gland?

A

CRH

33
Q

What does the anterior pituitary gland produce and what does this hormone do?

A

ACTH - prepares body for fight or flight response

34
Q

What does the posterior pituitary gland produce and what is this hormone important for?

A

Oxytocin - important in the mother/infant bond forming

35
Q

What does the adrenal cortex produce and when is it released?

A

Cortisol - after periods of long term stress (chronic stress)

36
Q

What does the adrenal medulla produce and when is it released?

A

Adrenaline - in a period of sudden stress (acute stress)

37
Q

Where is the Amygdala and what does it do?

A

It is in the brain and it relates sensory information to a primal emotion

38
Q

What does cortisol do?

A

Makes you more immune to pain and gives a quick burst of energy. But also weakens immune system and cognitive functioning.

39
Q

What does adrenaline do?

A

Increases breathing/heart rate and triggers release of glucose into the bloodstream as an energy source

40
Q

Why is the fight or flight response a good theory?

A

It makes sense in terms of evolution. It is adaptive.

41
Q

Why is the fight or flight response a bad theory?

A

Recent studies have found that men and women can tend or befriend OR freeze in times of stress, which disproves the fight or flight response to some extent

A level biopsychology (2 decks)

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