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GE LEC 1 > LESSONS 1-5 > Flashcards

LESSONS 1-5 Flashcards

1
Q

It is anything that impedes the communication of a message.

A

Interference

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2
Q

THE POWERS OF PUBLIC SPEAKING

A
  1. Public speaking is a powerful weapon of change.
  2. Public speaking can build connections.
  3. Public speaking can be a vital means of civic engagement.
  4. Public speaking also helps in career advancement and development.
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3
Q

GUIDELINES FOR ETHICAL LISTENING

A
  1. Be courteous and attentive.
  2. Avoid prejudging the speaker.
  3. Maintain the free and open expression of ideas.
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4
Q

the tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own values, beliefs, and well-being.

A

Egocentric

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5
Q

Speech communication begins with a ________.

A

Speaker

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6
Q

KINDS OF PLAGIARISM

A
  1. Global plagiarism
  2. Patchwork plagiarism
  3. Incremental plagiarism
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7
Q

TIPS IN WRITING YOUR SPECIFIC PURPOSE STATEMENT:

A
  1. Write the purpose statement as a full infinitive phrase, not as a fragment.
  2. Express your purpose as a statement, not as a question.
  3. Avoid figurative language in your purpose statement.
  4. Limit your purpose statement to one distinct idea.
  5. Make sure your specific purpose is not too vague or general.
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8
Q

Determining purpose usually fall into one of two overlapping categories

A

to inform or
to persuade

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9
Q

Differences Between Public Speaking and Conversation

A
  1. Public speaking is more highly structured.
  2. Public speaking requires more formal language.
  3. Public speaking requires a different method of delivery.
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10
Q

Most people speak best about subjects with which they are most familiar. When thinking about a
topic, draw on your own knowledge and experience.

A

TOPIC YOU KNOW A LOT ABOUT

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11
Q

Keeping the audience foremost in mind in every step of the speech preparation and presentation.

A

Audience-centeredness

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12
Q

It gives maximum leeway in responding

A

Open Ended Questions

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13
Q

to provide emotional support for the speaker

A

Empathic listening

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14
Q

an interference that comes from within your audience.

A

internal interference

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15
Q

You want to change or structuralize the attitudes or actions of your audience.

A

To persuade.

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16
Q

the broad goal of a speech.

A

general purpose

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17
Q

“there is nothing that people are so interested in as themselves, their own problems, and the way to solve them.

The fact is… the primary starting point of all public speaking”

A

Harry Emerson Fosdick

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18
Q

is a physiological process. It involves the vibration of sound waves on our eardrums and the firing of electrochemical impulses from the inner ear to the central auditory system of the brain.

A

HEARING

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19
Q

FOUR CAUSES OF POOR LISTENING

A
  1. Not concentrating.
  2. Listening too hard.
  3. Jumping to conclusions.
  4. Focusing on delivery and personal appearance.
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20
Q

When you _______ an author, you restate or summarize her or his in your own words. You need to acknowledge the author or the person because still, with just a fair amount of his/her language, you are still using his/her opinions, ideas, and judgment.

A

Paraphrases

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21
Q

according to __________________ “If
you tell the truth, you don’t have to remember anything”.

A

Mark Twain

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22
Q

Mental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herself giving a successful presentation

A

Visualization

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23
Q

Plagiarism comes from ______ the Latin word for_______.

A

plagiarius, kidnapper

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24
Q

Credible public speakers are open and honest with their audiences. Honesty includes telling your audience why you’re speaking and what you’ll address throughout your speech.

A

PLAGIARISM

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25
Q

the difference between the rate at which most people talk (120 to 150 words a minute) and the rate at which the brain can process language (400 to 800 words a minute).

A

spare brain time

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26
Q

Questions to Ask about Your Specific Purpose

A
  1. Does my purpose meet the assignment?
  2. Can I accomplish my purpose in the time allotted?
  3. Is the purpose relevant to my audience?
  4. Is the purpose too trivial for my audience?
  5. Is the purpose too technical for my audience?
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27
Q

SIX WAYS TO TURN NERVOUSNESS FROM A NEGATIVE FORCE INTO A POSITIVE ONE

A
  1. Acquire Speaking Experience.
  2. Prepare, Prepare, Prepare.
  3. Think positively.
  4. Use the Power of Visualization.
  5. Know that Most Nervousness is Not Visible.
  6. Do not Expect Perfection.
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28
Q

It is whatever a speaker communicates to someone else.

A

Message

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29
Q

to understand the message of a speaker and gain information

A

Comprehensive listening

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30
Q

Your goal is to convey information clearly, accurately, and interestingly.

A

To inform.

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31
Q

This happens when you decide to make your speech a learning experience for yourself and or your
audience. You may choose a subject about which you already have some knowledge or expertise but not
enough to prepare a speech without doing additional research.

A

TOPICS YOU WANT TO KNOW MORE ABOUT

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32
Q

This is usually nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker.

A

Feedback

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33
Q

Traits of the audience

A

size
physical setting
Disposition toward the topic
Disposition toward the speaker
Disposition Toward the Occasion

34
Q

a process in which speakers seek to create a bond with the audience by emphasizing common values, goals, and experience.

A

Identification

35
Q

According to ___________ , “A liar should have a good memory”,

A

Quintilian

36
Q

The most obvious – and unforgivable – kind of plagiarism. It is grossly unethical. It is stealing your speech entirely form another source and passing it of as your own.

A

Global plagiarism

37
Q

it is the subject of the speech. Or it is what your speech is all about

A

topic

38
Q

what a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything
else in a speech.

A

residual message

39
Q

It is the time and place in which speech communication occurs.

A

Situation

40
Q

to evaluate a message for purposes of accepting or rejecting it

A

Critical listening

41
Q

focuses on demographic factors such as age, gender, cultural background, religion, sexual orientation, and group membership.

A

Demographic audience analysis

42
Q

Whenever you quote someone directly, you must attribute the words to that person. It would make a strong addition to your speech as long as you acknowledge the owners/authors

A

Quotations

43
Q

Major type of Questions

A

Fixed Alternative Questions
Scale Questions
Open ended Questions

44
Q

Similarities Between Public Speaking and Conversation

A
  1. Organizing your thoughts logically.
  2. Tailoring your message to your audience.
  3. Telling a story for a maximum impact.
  4. Adapting to listener feedback.
45
Q

It is conveying your message, thoughts, and ideas to a particular audience. Most of the time, a large audience.

A

PUBLIC SPEAKING

46
Q

audience analysis that focuses on situational factors such us the size of the audience, the physical setting for the speech, and the dispositions of the audience toward the topic, the speaker and the occasion.

A

Situational Audience Analysis

47
Q

When you _______ an author, you restate or summarize her or his in your own words. You need to acknowledge the author or the person because still, with just a fair amount of his/her language, you are still using his/her opinions, ideas, and judgment.

A

Paraphrases

48
Q

focused, organized thinking about such things as the logical relationships among ideas, the soundness of evidence, and the differences between fact and opinion.

A

Critical thinking

49
Q

The core principle of ethical communication is ________.

A

Honesty

50
Q

brainstorming procedures you can follow to get started

A
  1. Personal Inventory
  2. Clustering
  3. Reference Search
  4. Internet Search
51
Q

special nicknames that replace the name of a person and often describe them in some way.

A

epithets

52
Q

Greek philosopher ____________ noted, all public speakers would be truthful and devoted to the good of society.

A

Plato

53
Q

Guidelines for the Central Idea:

A

(1) should be expressed in s full sentence;
(2) should not be in the form of a question;
(3) should avoid figurative language; and,
(4) should not be vague or overly general

54
Q

Involves weighing potential courses of action against a set of
ethical standards or guidelines

A

ETHICAL DECISION

55
Q

for pleasure and enjoyment, or anything that helps us relax or makes us feel better and happy

A

Appreciative listening

56
Q

KINDS OF LISTENING

A
  • Appreciative listening
  • Empathic listening
  • Comprehensive listening
  • Critical listening
57
Q

It is when the entire speech is cribbed more or less verbatim from a single source or a few sources. It occurs when the speaker fails to give credit for particular parts – increments – of the speech that are borrowed from other people.

A

Incremental plagiarism

58
Q

giving undivided attention to a speaker in a genuine effort to understand the speaker’s point of view

A

active listening

59
Q

It resembled fixed -Alternative questions, but they allow more leeway in responding.

A

Scale Questions

60
Q

As the name implies, it offers fixed choice between two or more responses

A

Fixed Alternative Questions

61
Q

a method of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and
ideas. It’s writing down all of your thoughts and ideas.

A

brainstorming

62
Q

creating an oversimplified image of a particular group of people, usually by assuming that all member of the group are alike.

A

Stereotyping

63
Q

Unlike global plagiarism, in which a speaker pirates an entire speech from a single source, _________ occurs when a speaker takes from two or three sources.

A

Patchwork plagiarism

64
Q

HOW TO BECOME A BETTER LISTENER

A
  1. Take listening seriously.
  2. Be an active listener.
  3. Resist distractions.
  4. Do not be diverted by appearance or delivery.
  5. Suspend judgment.
  6. Focus your listening.
  7. Develop note-taking skills.
65
Q

It is the anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience

A

Stage fright

66
Q

Involves paying close attention to, and making sense of, what we hear.

A

LISTENING

67
Q

The core principle of ethical communication is ________.

A

Honesty

68
Q

It is the use of language to defame, demean, or degrade individuals or groups. Such terms have been used to debase people because of their sexual orientation, religious beliefs, and ethnic background. It includes epithets

A

name-calling

69
Q

central idea – a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the major ideas of a speech.

The _________ is a concise statement of what you expect to say. Sometimes, it is called the thesis
statement, the subject sentence, or the major thought. Another way to think of the central idea is as your
residual message.

A

central idea

70
Q

Major Demographic Factors

A

Age
Gender
Sexual Orientation
Racial, Ethnic, and Cultural Background
Religion
Group membership.

71
Q

SPEECH COMMUNICATION PROCESS

A
  1. Speaker
  2. Message
  3. Channel
  4. Listener
  5. Feedback
  6. Interference
  7. Situation
72
Q

The sum of a person’s knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes.

A

Frame of reference

73
Q

It is the means by which a message is communicated.

A

Channel

74
Q

A hormone released into the bloodstream in response to physical or mental stress

A

Adrenaline

75
Q

TWO BROAD CATEGORIES of potential topics:

A
  1. TOPIC YOU KNOW A LOT ABOUT
  2. TOPICS YOU WANT TO KNOW MORE ABOUT
76
Q

the branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs.

A

ETHICS

77
Q

a situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two courses of action.

A

ETHICAL DILEMMA

78
Q

The person who receives the communicated message from the speaker.

A

Listener

79
Q

an interference that happens outside you audience

A

external interference

80
Q

a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in
his/her speech

A

specific purpose

81
Q

GUIDELINES FOR ETHICAL SPEAKING

A
  1. Make sure your goals are ethically sound.
  2. Be fully prepared for each speech.
  3. Be honest in what you say.
  4. Avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language.
  5. Put ethical principles into practice.

GE LEC 1 (1 decks)

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