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Chapter 10 > Lessons 1-4 Micro > Flashcards

Lessons 1-4 Micro Flashcards

1
Q

The individual who received the nobel peace prize for his discovery of penicillin was?

A

Alexander Fleming

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2
Q

Who is credited with inventing the microscope?

A

Robert Hooke

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3
Q

Correct method for typing the name of an organism?

A

Can be italicized or underlined

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4
Q

What physician is credited with advocating handwashing between patients to prevent cross infection?

A

Semmelweis

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5
Q

What are Bacteria which are rod shaped called?

A

Bacilli

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6
Q

What is Selective media utilized for?

A

To determine the organisms resistance and sensitivity to certain antibiotics.

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7
Q

What was required to visualize Viruses?

A

the electron microscope

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8
Q

Spore formation is a type of?

A

environmental protection in bacteria.

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9
Q

Obligate aerobes require?

A

air/oxygen to survive.

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10
Q

What color do Gram-positive bacteria appear when observed under the microscope?

A

purple

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11
Q

Pinocytosis

A

cell drinking

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12
Q

lysosome

A

digestion of debris

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13
Q

golgi vessicles

A

transports manufactured substances from the golgi apparatus/body.

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14
Q

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

studded with ribosomes; manufactures and stores proteins (usually connected to the nucleus)

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15
Q

Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum

A

involved in the manufacturer of lipids especially hormones such as steroids

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16
Q

Cell membrane

A

controls items entering and leaving cell; maintains borders of the cell

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17
Q

Mitochondria

A

ATP energy production

18
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

manufactures substances needed by the cell or produced by the cell to be excreted.

19
Q

Nucleolus

A

membrane-less structure composed of RNA and proteins; synthesize ribosomes;

20
Q

Nucleus

A

he command center; membrane bound structure contains the cell’s hereditary DNA information, controls the cell’s growth and reproduction.

21
Q

Centrioles

A

Reproduction - forms the spindles that draw the chromosome(s) to each end of the cell prior to division (mitosis - 2 daughter cells with 3 pairs of chromosomes; or meiosis - 4 daughter cells with 23 single strand chromosomes).

22
Q

Microtubules

A

provide support and structure for the cell.

23
Q

cytoplasm

A

fluid component of the cell

24
Q

Ribosome

A

produces proteins required by the cell.

25
Q

Identify the four steps of Koch’s Postulates

A
  1. Obtain organism from diseased animal.
  2. Grow organism in pure culture.
  3. Inject into animal; produces same disease.
  4. Isolate same organism from the animal.
26
Q

Define morphology

A

Study of shape and size - organisms.

27
Q

The movement of water from a higher concentration to a lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane is called ________________.

A

osmosis

28
Q

A __________________requires a living host.

A

parasite

29
Q

____________ __________________ is a type of reproduction for fungi where the released cell may lay dormant for a long period of time before finding an environment which is conducive to growth.

A

Spore Formation

30
Q

The three basic shapes of bacteria are __________________, ____________________, and __________________.

A

Cocci - round; bacilli - rods; spirochetes - spirillum or spirals

31
Q

___________________ is the sum of all chemical reactions.

A

Metabolism

32
Q

___________________ is the sum of all chemical reactions.

A

Mitosis

33
Q

What is the movement of molecules from a higher concentration to a lower concentration called?

A

Diffusion

34
Q

In metabolism, the building up of substances/nutrients is called ______________________________?

A

Anabolism

35
Q

A solution that causes human cells (cancer) to explode when placed in this solution would be a _________ solution such as ___________.

A

hypotonic; water

36
Q

What is the definition of Microbiolgy?

A

the study of organisms so small they must be seen with a microscope

37
Q

What is the best way to visualize motility?

A

Hang drop slide

38
Q

Which of the following is an example of an isotonic solution?

A

normal saline is a 0.9% solution

39
Q

What is the smallest measurements utilized from smallest to largest?

A

Smallest to largest = Angstrom, nanometer, micrometer, centermeter, decimeter and then meter.

40
Q

Who is the Father of Modern Surgery, he first used carbolic spray as an antiseptic?

A

Joseph Lister

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