Lesson two - Thermal energy transfer

Question 1

Thermal energy

Answer 1

• Thermal energy transfer is the movement of thermal energy from an area of high temperature to an area of low temperature

Question 2

Radiation

Answer 2

The emission of energy as particles or waves
• Radiant energy can be reflected or absorbed
• Any substance at a higher temperature than its surroundings will emit radiant energy, usually in the form of infrared radiation

Question 3

Conduction

Answer 3

Conduction
• the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact
• Usually takes place in solids

Question 4

Convection

Answer 4

• Is the transfer of thermal energy through the movement of particles from one location to another
• Usually takes place in fluids (liquids & gases)
• Creates currents

Question 5

Ocean Currents

Answer 5

Results from the movement on water from areas of warm temperatures near the equator to areas with cold temperatures near the poles.

Question 6

Ocean current directions

Answer 6

In the northern hemisphere the direction is generally clockwise
• In the southern hemisphere the direction is generally counterclockwise

Question 7

Coriolis effect

Answer 7

• The Coriolis effect is the deflection of any object from a straight line path by the rotation of the Earth to the east.
• Causes moving air or wind to turn right in the Northern
Hemisphere and left in the Southern Hemisphere

Question 8

Jet streams

Answer 8

• A band of fast-moving air in the stratosphere ~ 500 km/h
• Due to its high altitude, these winds are not subject to as much friction, and so are much faster than winds closer to the Earth’s surface
• created by the convergence of cold air masses descending from the Arctic and rising warm air from the tropics
1 Can cause cold air to sink towards the equator and warm air is deflected north