Lesson: Stress And Health

Question 1

physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses to events that are appraised as threatening or challenging

Answer 1

Stress

Question 2

events that cause a stress reaction

Answer 2

Stressors

Question 3

the effect of unpleasant and undesirable stressors

Answer 3

Distress

Question 4

the effect of positive events, or the optimal amount of stress that people need to promote health and well-being

Answer 4

Eustresa

Question 5

an unpredictable, large-scale event that creates a tremendous need to adapt and adjust as well as overwhelming feelings of threat

Answer 5

Catastrophe

Question 6

cause stress by requiring adjustment
– Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS): measures the amount of stress resulting from major life events in a person’s life over a one- year period
– College Undergraduate Stress Scale (CUSS): measures the amount of stress resulting from major life events in a college student’s life over a one-year period

Answer 6

Major Life Changes

Question 7

measures the amount of stress resulting from major life events in a person’s life over a one- year period

Answer 7

Social readjustment rating scale

Question 8

measures the amount of stress resulting from major life events in a college student’s life over a one-year period

Answer 8

College undergraduate stress scale

Question 9

the daily annoyances of everyday life

Answer 9

Hassles

Question 10

: the psychological experience produced by urgent demands or expectations for a person’s behavior that come from an outside source

Answer 10

Pressure

Question 11

the degree of control that the person has over a particular event or situation

Answer 11

Uncontrollability

Question 12

the psychological experience produced by the blocking of a desired goal or fulfillment of a perceived need

Answer 12

Frustration

Question 13

actions meant to harm or destroy

Answer 13

Aggression

Question 14

taking out one’s frustrations on some less threatening or more available target
§ a form of displacement

Answer 14

Displaced aggression

Question 15

leaving the presence of a stressor

Answer 15

Escape or withdrawal

Question 16

psychological experience of being pulled toward or drawn to two or more desires or goals, only one of which may be attained

Answer 16

Conflict

Question 17

person must choose between two desirable goals

Answer 17

Approach–approach conflict

Question 18

person must choose between two undesirable goals

Answer 18

Avoidance–avoidance conflict

Question 19

a person must choose or not choose a goal that has both positive and negative aspects

Answer 19

Approach–avoidance conflict

Question 20

a person must decide between two goals, each possessing both positive and negative aspects

Answer 20

Double approach avoidance conflict

Question 21

Ans that responds to stressful
events

Answer 21

Sympathetic sys

Question 22

restores the body to normal functioning after stress has ceased

Answer 22

Parasympathetic sys

Question 23

the three stages of the body’s physiological adaptation to stress

Answer 23

General adaptation syndrome

Question 24

Gas three stages

Answer 24

Alarm resistance and exhaustion

Question 25

cells, organs, and chemicals of the body that respond to attacks from diseases, infections, and injuries

Answer 25

Immune system

Question 26

the study of the effects of psychological factors on the immune system

Answer 26

Psychoneuroimmunology

Question 27

stress puts people at higher risk for coronary heart disease (CHD)

Answer 27

Heart disease

Question 28

type 2 diabetes is associated with excessive weight gain

Answer 28

Diabetes

Question 29

stress increases malfunction of natural killer (NK) cell

Answer 29

Cancwr

Question 30

how people think about a stressor determines, at least in part, how stressful that stressor will becom

Answer 30

Cognitive appraisal approach (Lazarus)

Question 31

involves estimating the severity of a stressor and classifying it as either a threat or a challenge

Answer 31

Primary Appraisal

Question 32

involves estimating the resources available to the person for coping with the stressor

Answer 32

Secondary appraisal

Question 33

What type of personality is ambitious – time conscious – extremely hardworking – tends to have high levels of hostility and anger – easily annoyed

Answer 33

Type A

Question 34

Type of personality relaxed and laid-back – less driven and competitive than Type A – slow to anger

Answer 34

Type B

Question 35

Type of Personality pleasant but repressed person – tends to internalize anger and anxiety – finds expressing emotions difficult – higher cancer rates

Answer 35

Type C

Question 36

seems to thrive on stress but lacks the anger and hostility of the Type A personality – deep sense of commitment to values – sense of control over their lives – view problems as challenges to be met and answered Psychology, Third Edition

Answer 36

Hardy Personality

Question 37

negative changes in thoughts, emotions, and behavior as a result of prolonged stress or frustration

Answer 37

Burnout

Question 38

results from the need to change and adapt to the majority culture

Answer 38

Acculturative stress

Question 39

the network of family, friends, neighbors, coworkers, and others who can offer support, comfort, or aid to a person in need

Answer 39

Social support system

Question 40

actions that people can take to master, tolerate, reduce, or minimize the effects of stressors

Answer 40

Coping strategies

Question 41

one tries to eliminate the source of a stress or reduce its impact through direct actions

Answer 41

Problem-focused coping

Question 42

one changes the impact of a stressor by changing the emotional reaction to the stressor

Answer 42

Emotion-focused coping

Question 43

mental exercises meant to refocus attention and achieve a trancelike state of consciousness and relaxation

Answer 43

Meditation

Question 44

person focuses the mind on some repetitive or unchanging stimulus so that the mind can be cleared of disturbing thoughts and the body can experience relaxation

Answer 44

Concentrative meditation: