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ugggghhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh > Lesson 9a Battles of WWI > Flashcards

Lesson 9a Battles of WWI Flashcards

1
Q

Which battle was the first large-scale use of poison gas by the Germans?

A

The Second Battle of Ypres

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2
Q

Which battle was the first major front line for the Canadian troops in Europe?

A

The Second Battle of Ypres.

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3
Q

What was the Second Battle of Ypres?

A

Second Battle of Ypres

Dates: April 22 to May 25, 1915
Location: Ypres, Belgium
Significance: An early engagement for Canadian forces in WWI.
Key Event: First large-scale use of poison gas by the Germans.

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4
Q

What role did Canadian troops play in the Second Battle of Ypres?

A

Role of Canadian Troops

1st Canadian Division: Played a pivotal role in defending Ypres.
Princess Patricia’s Canadian Light Infantry (PPCLI): Notable for their steadfast defense and earned the nickname “Shock Troops.”
Courage and Tenacity: Displayed remarkable resilience against gas attacks and fierce counterattacks.

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5
Q

What was significant about the weaponry used in the Second Battle of Ypres?

A

First Use of Poison Gas

First Large-Scale Use: Germans used poison gas for the first time on a large scale.
Impact on Soldiers: Canadian soldiers were on the front lines of this unprecedented attack, facing terrifying new dangers.

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6
Q

Who was Lieutenant Colonel John McCrae and what did he do during the Second Battle of Ypres?

A

Lieutenant Colonel John McCrae

Role: Canadian medical officer.
Contribution: Composed the famous war poem “In Flanders Fields.”
Significance: The poem captures the sacrifice and resilience of the soldiers.

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7
Q

What does the Second Battle of Ypres signify for Canadian history?

A

Canadian Valor

Significance: A pivotal moment in Canadian history.
Commitment: Demonstrated Canada’s commitment to the war effort.
Sacrifice: Highlighted the heavy sacrifices made by Canadian soldiers.
Legacy: Reinforced the reputation of Canadian troops as “Shock Troops” for their bravery and tenacity.

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8
Q

What were the conditions like for soldiers during the Second Battle of Ypres?

A

Trench Warfare

Conditions: Brutal and harsh.
Challenges: Faced relentless assaults, poison gas attacks, and the constant threat of death.
Defense: Despite the conditions, Canadian soldiers defended their positions with remarkable courage.

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9
Q

What was the Battle of the Somme?

A

Battle of the Somme

Dates: July 1 to November 18, 1916
Location: Somme region, France
Nature: A massive joint offensive involving British and Canadian forces.
Objective: To break through German defenses and relieve pressure on the French at Verdun.

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10
Q

What was the role of Canadian forces in the battle of Somme.

A

Canadian Forces in the Battle of the Somme

Participation: Substantial involvement alongside British forces.
Troop Experience: Canadian troops were relatively inexperienced at the time.
Significance: Faced the stark realities of trench warfare and demonstrated remarkable courage

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11
Q

What were the conditions like for soldiers during the Battle of the Somme?

A

Trench Warfare Conditions

Environment: Harsh and grueling.
Challenges: Muddy trenches, constant bombardments, and exposure to the elements.
Combat: Faced relentless machine gun fire and artillery barrages.

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12
Q

Who was Private George Lawrence Price and what is his significance?

A

Private George Lawrence Price

Identity: Canadian soldier.
Significance: One of the last Canadians killed in World War I.
Circumstances: Died two minutes before the Armistice on November 11, 1918.
Legacy: His story is a poignant reminder of the war’s toll on troops.

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13
Q

What happened on the first day of the Battle of the Somme?

A

First Day of the Battle

Date: July 1, 1916
Outcome: One of the bloodiest days in military history.
Casualties: Approximately 57,000 British casualties, including many Canadians.
Significance: Highlighted the severe cost of the battle.

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14
Q

What was the broader impact of the Battle of the Somme on World War I?

A

Broader Impact

Strategic Outcome: Limited territorial gains for the Allies.
German Forces: Suffered heavy losses, weakening their ability to sustain prolonged conflict.
Morale: Significant impact on troop morale and public perception of the war.

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15
Q

What technological and tactical developments were notable in the Battle of the Somme?

A

Technological and Tactical Developments

Tanks: First use of tanks in warfare, though with limited success.
Artillery: Intensive and prolonged artillery barrages.
Tactics: Evolution of trench warfare tactics and the importance of combined arms operations.

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16
Q

What were the casualties for Canadian forces in the Battle of the Somme?

A

Canadian Casualties

Numbers: Thousands of Canadian soldiers were killed or wounded.
Impact: Highlighted the heavy sacrifices made by Canadian troops.
Legacy: Contributed to Canada’s national identity and military reputation.

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17
Q

What does the Battle of the Somme signify for Canadian history?

A

Canadian Valor and Resilience

Significance: A defining moment showcasing Canadian bravery and tenacity.
Commitment: Demonstrated Canada’s unwavering commitment to the war effort.
Legacy: Cemented the reputation of Canadian soldiers as resilient and determined in the face of adversity.

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18
Q

What was the Battle of Passchendaele?

A

Battle of Passchendaele

Also Known As: Third Battle of Ypres
Dates: July 31 to November 10, 1917
Location: Near Passchendaele, Belgium
Objective: Allied forces aimed to capture the ridge and village of Passchendaele from German control.

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19
Q

What role did Canadian forces play in the Battle of Passchendaele?

A

Canadian Forces’ Role

Central Role: Canadian forces were pivotal in capturing Passchendaele Ridge and the village.
Effort: Involved intense fighting and overcoming difficult conditions to achieve their objectives.

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20
Q

What were the conditions like during the Battle of Passchendaele?

A

Mud: Soldiers navigated through knee-deep mud.
Weather: Endured relentless rain.
Challenges: Faced well-fortified German positions and difficult terrain.

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21
Q

Who was Sergeant Hugh Cairns and what did he achieve?

A

Sergeant Hugh Cairns

Recognition: Earned the Victoria Cross.
Acts of Courage: Notable for extraordinary bravery during the battle.
Legacy: Symbol of Canadian valor and heroism at Passchendaele.

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22
Q

What does the Battle of Passchendaele symbolize for Canadian forces?

A

Canadian Valor

Symbolism: Reflects the indomitable spirit and determination of Canadian soldiers.
Commitment: Demonstrated unwavering commitment despite extreme hardships.

23
Q

What impact did the Battle of Passchendaele have on Canadian soldiers?

A

Impact on Soldiers

Casualties: Heavy losses with thousands killed and wounded.
Morale: Despite hardships, showcased resilience and bravery.
Legacy: Cemented the reputation of Canadian forces in World War I.

24
Q

What were the tactical challenges faced by Canadian forces at Passchendaele?

A

Tactical Challenges

Terrain: Navigating through mud and craters.
Enemy Defenses: Overcoming well-fortified German positions.
Weather: Constant rain hampered movement and visibility.

25
Q

What were the outcomes of the Battle of Passchendaele?

A

Outcomes

Allied Victory: Canadians captured Passchendaele Ridge and village.
Strategic Impact: Limited strategic gains relative to the cost.
Legacy: Remembered for its extreme conditions and heavy casualties.

26
Q

Why was Passchendaele Ridge significant?

A

Passchendaele Ridge Significance

Strategic Location: Provided a vantage point over the surrounding area.
Objective: Key target for Allied forces to break German defenses.

27
Q

What were the conditions like during the Battle of Passchendaele?

A

Soldiers faced knee-deep mud, relentless rain, and well-fortified German positions, making the battle extremely grueling.

28
Q

Who was Sergeant Hugh Cairns and what did he achieve during the Battle of Passchendaele?

A

Sergeant Hugh Cairns was awarded the Victoria Cross for his extraordinary acts of courage amidst the mud and destruction at Passchendaele.

29
Q

What were the tactical challenges faced by Canadian forces at Passchendaele?

A

Canadian forces had to navigate through knee-deep mud, endure relentless rain, and confront well-fortified German positions.

30
Q

What were the outcomes of the Battle of Passchendaele?

A

Canadians captured Passchendaele Ridge and village, but the battle had limited strategic gains and was remembered for its extreme conditions and heavy casualties.

31
Q

What does the Battle of Passchendaele symbolize for Canadian forces?

A

The battle symbolizes the indomitable spirit and determination of Canadian soldiers, showcasing their bravery and resilience despite extreme hardships.

32
Q

What was the Battle of Vimy Ridge?

A

The Battle of Vimy Ridge was a significant World War I battle fought from April 9 to April 12, 1917, where Canadian troops captured Vimy Ridge in northern France.

33
Q

Where did the Battle of Vimy Ridge take place?

A

The battle took place at Vimy Ridge, a formidable German-held position in northern France.

34
Q

Who led the Canadian troops during the Battle of Vimy Ridge?

A

The Canadian troops were led by General Arthur Currie.

35
Q

Why is the Battle of Vimy Ridge significant in Canadian history?

A

The Battle of Vimy Ridge is significant for its demonstration of Canadian valor and military prowess, marking a turning point in Canada’s autonomy and reputation as a formidable fighting force.

36
Q

What aspects of planning and coordination were key to the success at Vimy Ridge?

A

Meticulous planning, effective coordination, and audacious execution were key to the Canadians’ success at Vimy Ridge.

37
Q

Who was Private John Pattison and what was his role in the Battle of Vimy Ridge?

A

Private John Pattison was a Canadian soldier who received the Victoria Cross for his extraordinary bravery during the assault on Vimy Ridge.

38
Q

Why did Private John Pattison receive the Victoria Cross?

A

Private John Pattison received the Victoria Cross for his extraordinary bravery during the assault on Vimy Ridge.

39
Q

What was the outcome of the Battle of Vimy Ridge?

A

The outcome was a remarkable victory for the Canadian troops who successfully captured Vimy Ridge from the Germans.

40
Q

How is the Battle of Vimy Ridge remembered in Canada?

A

The Battle of Vimy Ridge is remembered as a symbol of national pride, sacrifice, and military prowess in Canada.

41
Q

How did the Battle of Vimy Ridge signal Canada’s growing autonomy?

A

The victory at Vimy Ridge signaled Canada’s growing autonomy by demonstrating its military capability and strategic importance in World War I.

42
Q

Why is the Battle of Vimy Ridge considered a turning point for Canada?

A

It is considered a turning point because it marked Canada’s emergence as a formidable fighting force and boosted national pride and identity.

43
Q

What did the Battle of Vimy Ridge demonstrate about Canadian troops?

A

The battle demonstrated the Canadians’ military prowess, effective planning, and ability to execute complex operations successfully.

44
Q

What was the Battle for Hill 70?

A

The Battle for Hill 70 occurred in August 1917 near Lens, France, where Canadian forces played a pivotal role in capturing and defending the hill.

45
Q

Where did the Battle for Hill 70 occur?

A

The battle occurred near Lens, France.

46
Q

Who commanded the Canadian troops during the Battle for Hill 70?

A

General Arthur Currie commanded the Canadian troops during the Battle for Hill 70.

47
Q

Why was Hill 70 strategically significant?

A

Hill 70 was strategically significant because it provided a crucial elevation that gave a strategic advantage.

48
Q

What characterized the fighting during the Battle for Hill 70?

A

The battle saw intense fighting, with Canadians displaying exceptional bravery and resolve.

49
Q

Who was Lieutenant Robert Shankland and what was his role in the Battle for Hill 70?

A

Lieutenant Robert Shankland was a Canadian soldier who received the Victoria Cross for his extraordinary courage during the Battle for Hill 70.

50
Q

Why did Lieutenant Robert Shankland receive the Victoria Cross?

A

Lieutenant Robert Shankland received the Victoria Cross for his extraordinary courage during the Battle for Hill 70.

51
Q

How long did the Battle for Hill 70 last?

A

The Battle for Hill 70 occurred in August 1917, but the specific duration of the battle was within that month.

52
Q

What does the Battle for Hill 70 symbolize about Canadian forces?

A

The Battle for Hill 70 symbolizes the mettle and valor of Canadian forces, showcasing their exceptional bravery and resolve.

53
Q

What was the outcome of the Battle for Hill 70?

A

The outcome was the successful capture and defense of Hill 70 by Canadian forces.

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