Lesson 8 grammar

Question 1

Short form: What is the short form of an い adjective? (Affirmative; YES form).

Answer 1

Present Positive: Remove “です” from the い adjective.
ex: かわいいです——-> かわいい

Past Positive: Remove です and replace it with かった.

Question 2

Short form: What is the short form of a な adjective? (Affirmative, YES form).

Answer 2

Present Positive: Replace です with だ.
ex: たいへんです——>たいへんだ。

Past Positive: Change でした to だった

Question 3

Short form: What is the short form of [noun + です]? (Affirmative, YES form).

Answer 3

Present Positive: Replace です with だ (same as the NA adjective!)

Past Positive: Change でした to だった

Question 4

Short form: What is the short form of an irregular verb? (Affirmative, YES form).

Answer 4

Present positive-(YES in the present): Leave the verb alone, no conjugation needed.

Past positive-(YES in the past): Change irregular verbs to た form.

Question 5

Short form: What is the short form of an irregular verb? (Negative, NO form).

Answer 5

Present negative- Remove る, replace it with ~ない.

Past negative- Remove ~ない and replace it with なかた.

Question 6

Short Form: What is the short form of an
い ADJECTIVE? (Negative, “NO” form).

Answer 6

Present Negative = Remove る and add ない

Past Negative = Remove る and add なかった

Question 7

Short Form: What is the short form of a な ADJECTIVE? (Negative, “NO” form).

Answer 7

Present Negative: Add ~くない and remove です.

Past Negative: Remove でした and replace with だ

Question 8

Short Form: What is the short form of [noun] + です? (Negative, “NO” form).

Answer 8

Present Negative: Replace です with ~ない

Past Negative: Replace ~ない with かった.

Question 9

Short Form: What is the short form of a るverb? (Affirmative)

Answer 9

Present Positive: Keep the same, no conjugation

Past Positive: Remove る, replace with た.

Question 10

Short Form: What is the short form of an う verbs? (Affirmative)

Answer 10

Present Positive: Keep the same, no conjugation

Past Positive: Remove う, replace with た form.

exception: when the verb ends with う, replace that with あ, and add the endings above.

Question 11

Short Form: What is the short form of a る verb? (Negative Form).

Answer 11

Present Negative: Remove る replace with
ない

Past Negative: Remove る, replace with
なかった

Question 12

Short Form: What is the short form of an う verb? (Negative Form).

Answer 12

Present Negative: Change う to あ and add ない.

Past Negative: same first part of [Present Negative] but add なかった

exception: when the verb ends with う, replace that with あ, and add the endings above.
ex: かわない, かわなかった, ect.