Lesson 8

Question 1

Anti-Virus Software

Answer 1

Software that scans disk and programs for known viruses and and eliminates them.

Question 2

Asymmetric Encryption

Answer 2

An encryption technique in which two keys (a private key and a public key) are used: one to encrypt and decrypt a message. Also know as public key cryptography.

Question 3

Authentication

Answer 3

The process of identifying the identity of a user who logs on to a system, or the integrity of transmitted data.

Question 4

Decryption

Answer 4

The process of converting encrypted data back to its original form.

Question 5

Digital Certificate

Answer 5

A password-protected, encrypted data file containing message encryption, user identification and message text. Used to authentication a program or a sender’s public key, or to initiate SSL sessions, Must be signed by a certificate authority (CA) to be valid.

Question 6

Digital Signature

Answer 6

An electronic stamp added to a message that uniquely identifies its source and verifies its contents at the time of the signature.

Question 7

Encryption

Answer 7

A security technique designed to prevent access to information by converting it into a scrambled (unreadable) form of text.

Question 8

Firewall

Answer 8

A security barrier that controls the flow of information between the Internet and a private network. It prevents outsiders from accessing an enterprise’s internal network, which accesses the Internet indirectly through a proxy server.

Question 9

Hash

Answer 9

A number generated by an algorithm from a text string. Also, known as a message digest.

Question 10

Hash Encryption

Answer 10

An encryption method in which hashes are used to verify the integrity of transmitted messages. Also known as one-way encryption.

Question 11

Illicit server

Answer 11

An application that installs hidden services on systems. Illicit servers consist of “client” code and “server” code that enable the attacker to monitor and control the operation of the computer infected with the server code.

Question 12

Internet Control Messaging Protocol

Answer 12

A subset of Internet Protocol that is most often used to determine whether a computer can communicate with the rest of the network.

Question 13

Key

Answer 13

A variable value, such as a numeric code,that uses an algorithm to encrypt and decrypt data. Some applications encrypt and decrypt with the same key, whereas other applications use a pair of keys.

Question 14

Malware

Answer 14

Abbreviation for malicious software. It is software designed to harm computer systems.

Question 15

Non-Repudiation

Answer 15

The security principle of providing proof that a transaction occurred between identified parties. Repudiation occurs when one party in a transaction denies that the transaction took place.

Question 16

Patch

Answer 16

Programming code that provides a temporary solution to a known problem, or bug.

Question 17

Screen Saver

Answer 17

A graphic or moving image that appears on your screen when your computer is idle.

Question 18

Secure Sockets Layer

Answer 18

A protocol that provides authentication and encryption, used by most servers for secure exchanges over the Internet. Superseded by Transport Layer Security (TLS).

Question 19

Spyware

Answer 19

A software application secretly placed on a user’s system to gather information and relay it to outside parties, usually for advertising purposes.

Question 20

Symmetric Encryption

Answer 20

An encryption method in which the same key is used to encrypt and decrypt a message. Also known as private-key encryption.

Question 21

The Right to Be Forgotten

Answer 21

An argument that asks “Do people have the right to remove damaging information about themselves on the Internet so the information can be forgotten?”

Question 22

Transport Layer Security

Answer 22

A protocol based on SSL 3.0 that provides authentication and encryption, used by most servers for secure exchanges over the Internet.

Question 23

Trojan

Answer 23

A program disguised as a harmless application that actually produces harmful results.

Question 24

Typosquatting

Answer 24

The unethical practice of registering domain names very similar to those of high-volume sites in hopes of receiving traffic from users seeking the high volume site who mistakenly enter an incorrect URL in their browsers.

Question 25

Update

Answer 25

A file or collection of tools that resolves system liabilities and improves software performance.

Question 26

Virus

Answer 26

A malicious program that replicates itself on computer systems, usually through executable software, and causes irreparable system damage.

Question 27

Worm

Answer 27

A self-replicating program or algorithm that consumes system resources.