LESSON 8

Question 1

Meiosis in males is called _____ and produces sperms.

Answer 1

spermatogenesis

Question 2

Meiosis in females is called ____ and produces ova.

Answer 2

oogenesis

Question 3

MITOSIS
_ cell division:
_ daughter cells
_= 2n
_ pairs of chromosomes =
_ Chromosomes

Answer 3

1 cell division:
2 daughter cells
Diploid = 2n
23 pairs of chromosomes
= 46 Chromosomes

Question 4

MEIOSIS
_ cell divisions:
_ cells product
of meiosis
_ = n
_ chromosomes

Answer 4

2 cell divisions:
4 cells product
of meiosis
Haploid = n
23 chromosomes

Question 5

Same gene sequence
Same loci
Centromere location
Chromosomal length

Answer 5

Homologous chromosomes

Question 6

Same in mitotic division
(G1. S- phase, G2)
Replication of DNA
Homologous chromosomes

Answer 6

Interphase

Question 7

Prophase I

Answer 7

Leptotene
Zygotene
Pachytene
Diplotene
Diakinesis

Question 8

chromosomes begin to condense and attain a
compact structure.

Answer 8

Leptotene

Question 9

Chromosomal synapsis - pairing of chromosomes.
Synaptonemal complex.
Forms a bivalent/ tetrad.
Homologous pairs

Answer 9

Zygotene

Question 10

Forms a bivalent/ tetrad.
Homologous pairs

Answer 10

Zygotene

Question 11

crossing over of non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes.

Answer 11

Pachytene

Question 12

Cross - linked of one arm of non - sister chromatids at the Recombination nodule

Answer 12

Pachytene

Question 13

crossing over of genes - exchange of gene

Answer 13

Pachytene

Question 14

marks the dissolution of the synaptonemal complex
separation of the homologous chromosomes of the bivalents except at the sites of cross-over.

Answer 14

Diplotene

Question 15

The X-shaped structures formed during separation are known as chiasmata

Answer 15

Diplotene

Question 16

-Termination of chiasmata
-assembly of the meiotic spindle to separate the homologous chromosomes.
nucleolus disappears and the nuclear envelope breaks down.

Answer 16

Diakinesis

Question 17

Shortest phase
Alignment of chromosomes at the center.
Independent Assortment: Variation

Answer 17

Metaphase I

Question 18

Random pairing of chromosomes in the middle
Formula:
8,388,608 combinations

Answer 18

Metaphase I

Question 19

is a tool used by scientists to identify, organize, and study human chromosomes

Answer 19

Karyotyping

Question 20

high-pitched cat-like cry
mental retardation
delayed development
distinctive facial features, small head size (microcephaly)
widely-spaced eyes (hypertelorism)
low birth weight
weak muscle tone (hypotonia) in infancy.

Answer 20

Cri du chat syndrome - Symptoms