lesson 7 - tackling the problems of urbanisation

Question 1

where is Rio de Janeiro?

Answer 1

in Brazil, South America

Question 2

what occured between 1978 and 2000?

Answer 2

there were more murders in Rio de Janeiro, than the whole of Colombia

Question 3

how were gangs evicted?

Answer 3

special ‘pacifying police units’ have entered the favelas with armoured trucks

-> no permanent

Question 4

what are favelas?

Answer 4

they are Brazilian slums / shanty towns

Question 5

what did favela residents need to get permission for and from whom?

Answer 5

they had to get permission from armed drug-trafficking gangs to go in and out of their own neighbourhoods

Question 6

who is Santa Marta church run by?

Answer 6

a drug-gang killer turned evangelical minister

Question 7

what did members of police and military used to sell?

Answer 7

machine guns to the gangs, as well as protection racks

Question 8

what were favela dwellers called?

Answer 8

‘lixo’ meaning human garbage

Question 9

what is an NGO?

Answer 9

a non-governmental organisation

Question 10

which NGOs promoted culture and social activities?

Answer 10

AfroReggae and CUFA

• was constituted of hip-hop artists and gang members that used Samba, Dance and music to educate young people

Question 11

how many people were born in Brazil in the last 60 years? how many were born in favelas?

Answer 11

5 million born, of which 1 million born in favelas

Question 12

how are slums connected to street level?

Answer 12

elevators in steel tubes are being used to connect the two

Question 13

where are newcomers to Rio forced to live?

Answer 13

newcomers are forced to live on steep hillside in the centre / on the outskirts

ROCHINA

Question 14

what is being installed across Rio’s major hills? which hills?

Answer 14

cable cars are being installed across Rio’s major hills to help people to cross the city.

• Medillin
• Colbomia

Question 15

what type of houses are susceptive to landslides in the Summer?

Answer 15

cheap cardboard, wood and corrugate iron houses

Question 16

what is the Bairro Project in Rochina?

Answer 16

it was a project which provides local residents with material to construct permanent accommodation

• breeze blocks
• local residents built
• government provide electricity / water

Question 17

how has trauma and violence affected children?

Answer 17

trauma and violence have left children away from school (not developing linguistic / cognitive skills), away from transport

• ultimately drift into violence

Question 18

why were crime rates so high?

Answer 18

COMMUNICATION FAULTS

• impossible for anyone to report darkened streetlights / clogged sewer / missing bin (let alone crime)
• calls passed into next person, onto next person ect

Question 19

what opened in 2010 for crime safety?

Answer 19

‘The Operations Centre’

• all crime to be reported (with one central number + website)
• city operations monitored

Question 20

what was the Uere project?

Answer 20

the Uere project used active, brain engaging lessons

• tackled trauma / violence / specific learning difficulties - improve how the brain works positively