lesson 7 - tackling the problems of urbanisation Flashcards
where is Rio de Janeiro?
in Brazil, South America
what occured between 1978 and 2000?
there were more murders in Rio de Janeiro, than the whole of Colombia
how were gangs evicted?
special ‘pacifying police units’ have entered the favelas with armoured trucks
-> no permanent
what are favelas?
they are Brazilian slums / shanty towns
what did favela residents need to get permission for and from whom?
they had to get permission from armed drug-trafficking gangs to go in and out of their own neighbourhoods
who is Santa Marta church run by?
a drug-gang killer turned evangelical minister
what did members of police and military used to sell?
machine guns to the gangs, as well as protection racks
what were favela dwellers called?
‘lixo’ meaning human garbage
what is an NGO?
a non-governmental organisation
which NGOs promoted culture and social activities?
AfroReggae and CUFA
- was constituted of hip-hop artists and gang members that used Samba, Dance and music to educate young people
how many people were born in Brazil in the last 60 years? how many were born in favelas?
5 million born, of which 1 million born in favelas
how are slums connected to street level?
elevators in steel tubes are being used to connect the two
where are newcomers to Rio forced to live?
newcomers are forced to live on steep hillside in the centre / on the outskirts
ROCHINA
what is being installed across Rio’s major hills? which hills?
cable cars are being installed across Rio’s major hills to help people to cross the city.
- Medillin
- Colbomia
what type of houses are susceptive to landslides in the Summer?
cheap cardboard, wood and corrugate iron houses
what is the Bairro Project in Rochina?
it was a project which provides local residents with material to construct permanent accommodation
- breeze blocks
- local residents built
- government provide electricity / water
how has trauma and violence affected children?
trauma and violence have left children away from school (not developing linguistic / cognitive skills), away from transport
- ultimately drift into violence
why were crime rates so high?
COMMUNICATION FAULTS
- impossible for anyone to report darkened streetlights / clogged sewer / missing bin (let alone crime)
- calls passed into next person, onto next person ect
what opened in 2010 for crime safety?
‘The Operations Centre’
- all crime to be reported (with one central number + website)
- city operations monitored
what was the Uere project?
the Uere project used active, brain engaging lessons
- tackled trauma / violence / specific learning difficulties - improve how the brain works positively
