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(3) VMCB 322 > Lesson 7: Mycobacterium species > Flashcards

Lesson 7: Mycobacterium species Flashcards

1
Q

General description of Mycobacterium spp.

A

✓ Acid-fast rods (Ziehl Nelseen-positive)
✓ Aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming
✓ Pathogenic species grow slowly, colonies visible after several weeks

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2
Q

Cell walls of Mycobacterium spp. are rich in what?

A

complex lipids and waxes containing mycolic acids

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3
Q

Mycobacterium spp. type of media required for growth of pathogenic species

A

Complex egg-enriched media

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4
Q

Genus of Mycobacterium spp.

A

✓ obligate pathogens
✓ opportunistic pathogens
✓ saprophytes

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5
Q

It grow slowly, colonies visible after several weeks

A

Pathogenic species

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6
Q

Some mycobacteria produce these pigments

A

carotenoid pigments

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7
Q

Mycobacterium spp. are resistant to what?

A

✓ chemical disinfectants
✓ environmental influences

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8
Q

Mycobacterium spp. are susceptible to what?

A

heat treatment (pasteurization)

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9
Q

Mycobacterium spp. multiply intracellularly and cause these infections

A

chronic, granulomatous infections

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10
Q

Major diseases caused by Mycobacterium spp.

A

✓ tuberculosis
✓ Johne’s disease
✓ feline leprosy

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11
Q

Staining method used in the Mycobacterium spp.

A

Ziehl-Nelseen Method

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12
Q

the mycobacteria stain color is what?

A

red (acid-fast)

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13
Q

Tuberculosis (worldwide) is caused by what bacteria?

A

M. tuberculosis

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14
Q

Tuberculosis in (East. Africa) is caused by what bacteria?

A

M. africanum

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15
Q

Tuberculosis in (West. Africa) is caused by what bacteria?

A

M. canettii

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16
Q

Buruli cancer is caused by what bacteria?

A

*M. ulcerans
*

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17
Q

Leprosy is caused by what bacteria?

A

M. leprae

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18
Q

Rat leprosy and feline leprosy are caused by what bacteria?

A

M. lepraemurium

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19
Q

Paratuberculosis (Johne’s Disease)
is caused by what bacteria?

A

M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis

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20
Q

Associated with skin tb is caused by what bacteria?

A

Unspecified acid-fast bacteria

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21
Q

bovine farcy is caused by what bacteria?

A

✓ M. senegalensi
✓ M. farcinogenes

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22
Q

Bacteria that causes tuberculosis

A
  • M. tuberculosis
    M. africanum
    M. canettii
    M. microti
    M. caprae
    M. pinnipedii
    M. avium complex
    M. marinum*
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23
Q

Main host of M. tuberculosis

A

✓ humans
✓ captive
primates

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24
Q

Main host of M. tuberculosis

A

Cattle

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25
Q

Main host of M. africanum

A

Humans

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26
Q

Main host of M. canettii

A

Humans

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27
Q

Main host of M. microti

A

Voles

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28
Q

Main host of M. caprae

A

Goats

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29
Q

Main host of M. pinnipedii

A

✓ seals
✓ sea lions

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30
Q

Main host of M. avium complex

A

Most avian species
except psittacine

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31
Q

Main host of M. marinum

A

Fish

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32
Q

Main host of M. ulcerans

A

Human

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33
Q

Main host of M. leprae

A

Human

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34
Q

Main host of M. lepraemurium

A

✓ rats
✓ mice

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35
Q

Main host of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis

A

✓ cattle
✓ sheep
✓ goats
✓ deer

36
Q

Main host of Unspecified acid-fast bacteria

A

Cattle

37
Q

Main host of M. senegalensi and M. farcinogenes

A

Cattle

38
Q

Significance of infection
of M. tuberculosis

A

Important in humans and
occasionally in dogs

39
Q

Significance of infection
of M. bovis

A

Important in cattle and
occasionally in other domestic animals and
humans

40
Q

Significance of infection
of M. avium complex

A

Important in free-range
domestic poultry,
opportunistic infections in humans and domestic
animals

41
Q

Significance of infection
of M. avium subsp.
paratuberculosis

A

Important in cattle and
other ruminants

42
Q

Important in humans and
occasionally in dogs

A

M. tuberculosis

43
Q

Important in cattle and
occasionally in other
domestic animals and
humans

A

M. bovis

44
Q

Important in free-range
domestic poultry,
opportunistic infections in humans and domestic animals

A

*M. avium complex
*

45
Q

Important in cattle and
other ruminants

A

M. avium subsp.
paratuberculosis

46
Q

Growth rate of M. tuberculosis

A

Slow (3-8 weeks)

47
Q

Growth rate of M. bovis

A

Slow (3-8 weeks)

48
Q

Growth rate of M. avium complex

A

Slow (2-6 weeks)

49
Q

Growth rate of M. avium subsp.
paratuberculosis

A

Very slow (up to 16
weeks)

50
Q

Optimal incubation
temperature of M. tuberculosis

A

37°C

51
Q

Optimal incubation
temperature of M. bovis

A

37°C

52
Q

Optimal incubation
temperature of M. avium complex

A

37-43°C

53
Q

Optimal incubation
temperature of M. avium subsp.
paratuberculosis

A

37°C

54
Q

Atmospheric
requirement of
✓ M. tuberculosis
✓ M. bovis
✓ M. avium complex
✓ M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis

A

Aerobic

55
Q

Colonial features of M. tuberculosis

A

Rough, buff, difficult to
break apart

56
Q

Colonial features of M. bovis

A

Cream-colored, raised
with central roughness,
break apart easily

57
Q

Colonial features of M. avium complex

A

Sticky, off-white, break
apart easily

58
Q

Colonial features of M. avium subsp.
paratuberculosis

A

Small, hemispherical,
semi-pigmented

59
Q

Essential growth
supplements of
✓ M. tuberculosis
✓ M. bovis
✓ M. avium complex

A

None

60
Q

Essential growth
supplements of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis

A

Mycobactin

61
Q

Effect of added
glycerol
to M. tuberculosis

A

Enhanced growth
(eugonic)

62
Q

Effect of added
glycerol
to M. bovis

A

Growth inhibited
(dysgonic)

63
Q

Effect of added
glycerol
to M. avium complex

A

Enhanced growth
(eugonic)

64
Q

Effect of added
pyruvate to M. tuberculosis

A

No effect

65
Q

Effect of added
pyruvate to M. bovis

A

Enhanced growth

66
Q

Effect of added
pyruvate to M. avium complex

A

No effect

67
Q

Niacin accumulation of M. tuberculosis

A

+

68
Q

Niacin accumulation of M. bovis

A

-

69
Q

Niacin accumulation of M. avium complex

A

-

70
Q

Pyrazinaminadase
production
of M. tuberculosis

A

+

71
Q

Pyrazinaminadase
production
of M. bovis

A

-

72
Q

Pyrazinaminadase
production
of M. avium complex

A

+

73
Q

Nitrate reduction of M. tuberculosis

A

+

74
Q

Nitrate reduction of M. bovis

A

-

75
Q

Nitrate reduction of M. avium complex

A

-

76
Q

Susceptibility to TCH (10
mcg/ml) of M. tuberculosis

A

Resistant

77
Q

Susceptibility to TCH (10
mcg/ml) of M. bovis

A

Susceptible

78
Q

Susceptibility to TCH (10
mcg/ml) of M. avium complex

A

Resistant

79
Q

TCH stands for?

A

thiopene-2-carboxylic acid hydrazine

80
Q

Economically important disease caused by M. bovis, occurs worldwide.

A

Tuberculosis in cattle

81
Q

Tuberculosis in cattle: economically important disease caused by what bacteria that occurs worldwide.

A

M. bovis

82
Q

Difficult to eradicate due to the presence of bacteria in wildlife and crossspecies infection.

A

Tuberculosis in cattle caused by M. bovis

83
Q

Can survive for several months in environment and is mainly transmitted
by aerosol, but ingestion of organism thru contaminated milk is possible

A

Tuberculosis in cattle caused by M. bovis

84
Q

Tuberculosis in cattle caused by M. bovis is mainly transmitted
by _________, but ingestion of organism thru __________ is possible

A

aerosol
contaminated milk

85
Q

Upon entry to the host via the respiratory tract mycobacteria are
engulfed by what?

A

macrophages and dendritic cells

(3) VMCB 322 (5 decks)

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