Lesson 7: Drugs Affecting Circulation Flashcards
What is the blood pressure that indicates hypertension
> 140/90 mmHg
What are the two types of hypertension
Primary and secondary
What is primary hypertension
Has an unknown etiology
What is secondary hypertension
Due to a known disease process
What is it called when there is damage to organs resulting from hypertension
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular disease increases risks of what?
MI
Heart failure
Stroke
Retinopathy
Kidney disease
What is preload
How much the left ventricle muscles stretch to allow the ventricles to fill.
Major factor in systolic blood pressure (SBP)
What is afterload
Amount of resistance the heart must overcome to pump blood through the aorta and into the systemic circulation
Major factor of the cardiac output and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)
What is the BP for a hypertensive crisis
> 180/120
Hypertensive crisis presents two ways, what are they
Hypertensive urgency
Hypertensive emergency
What is hypertensive urgency
Has no signs/sympts of organ complication
May have severe headaches, SOB, nosebleeds, severe
anxiety.
Control done over period of 24-48 hrs
What is hypertensive emergency
Acute, chronic, or progressive organ injury
Req. admission to an ICU and BP monitoring
What are the first line agents for hypertension
Thiazide-type diuretics
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
Calcium channel blockers (CCBs)
What are the second line agents for hypertension
a2-Agonists
Vasodilators
a-Blockers
B-Blockers
Direct renin inhibitors (DRIs)
Antiadrenergics
