Lesson 7 Flashcards
All sounds are a form of energy produced by the vibration of an object. The vibration makes the air around the object vibrate too. These air vibrations are called
sound waves
is the pattern of disturbance caused by the movement of energy traveling through a medium (such as air, water, or any other liquid or solid matter) as it propagates away from the source of the sound.
SOUND WAVES
is a combination of sounds and silence.
MUSIC
is the element of “TIME” in music.
RHYTHM
When you tap your foot to the music, you are “keeping the beat“ or following the structural rhythmic pulse of the music.
RHYTHM
Traditionally, ___ were not part of music, but nowadays composers use sounds, silence and even noises in many different ways in their compositions to create new musical experiences.
noises
All musical aspects relating to the relative loudness (or quietness) of music fall under this general element.
DYNAMICS
This are called?
Pianissimo (pp) – very quiet
Piano (p) – quiet
mezzo-piano (mp) – moderately quiet
mezzo-forte (mf) – moderately loud
forte (f) – loud
fortissimo (ff) – very loud
crescendo – gradually getting louder
decrescendo – gradually getting
quieter
accent – “punching” or “leaning into”, a note harder to temporarily emphasize
DYNAMIC LEVELS
gradually getting
quieter
decrescendo
“punching” or “leaning into”, a note harder to temporarily emphasize
accent
very quiet
Pianissimo (pp)
quiet
Piano (p)
moderately quiet
mezzo-piano (mp)
moderately loud
mezzo-forte (mf)
loud
forte (f)
very loud
fortissimo (ff)
gradually getting louder
crescendo
is the LINEAR / HORIZONTAL presentation of pitch (the word used to describe the highness or lowness of a musical sound).
MELODY
is the VERTICALIZATION of the pitch.
HARMONY
Often, ___ is thought of as the art of combining pitches into chords (several notes played simultaneously as a “block”).
HARMONY
These chords are usually arranged into sentence-like patterns called ___
chord progressions.
is the speed of the beat or the music’s pace.
TEMPO
It determines how fast and slow the music is.
TEMPO
ELEMENTS OF MUSIC
RHYTHM
DYNAMICS
MELODY
HARMONY
TEMPO
presto – very fast
largo – very slow (broad)
grave – very slow (solemn)
adagio – slow
andante – moderately slow, a walking pace
moderato – moderate
allegretto – moderately fast
allegro – fast
vivace – lively
prestissimo – as fast as possible
this are from?
largo – very slow (broad)
grave – very slow (solemn)
adagio – slow
andante – moderately slow, a walking pace
moderato – moderate
allegretto – moderately fast
allegro – fast
vivace – lively
presto – very fast
prestissimo – as fast as possible
TEMPO
PERIOD OF MUSIC
Middle ages
Renaissance
Baroque
Classic
Romantic
Modern
An era dominated by Catholic sacred music, which began as simple chant but grew in complexity in the 13th and 15th centuries by experiments in harmony and rhythm.
MIDDLE AGES (450-14500)
A more personal style emerged in this era with a greater focus on Humanism, and a rebirth of learning and exploration.
RENAISSANCE (1450-1600)
Considered as the “Golden Age of Vocal Music”
RENAISSANCE (1450-1600)
This era-the last great age of aristocratic rule- is represented by extremely ornate and elaborate approaches to the arts.
BAROQUE (1600-1750)
This era saw the rise of instrumental music, the invention of the modern violin family and the creation of the first orchestras.
BAROQUE (1600-1750)
The music of this politically turbulent era focused on structural unity, clarity and balance.
CLASSIC (1750-1820)
The new expressive and dramatic approaches to composition and performance that were developed in this era became the standards that all “Classical” music be judged by great composers
CLASSIC (1750-1820)
This era witnessed an explosion of flamboyance, nationalism, the rise of “superstar” performers, and concerts aimed at middle-class “paying” audiences.
ROMANTIC (1450-1600)
Orchestral, theatrical and soloistic music grew to spectacular heights of personal expression.
ROMANTIC (1450-1600)
The defining feature of modern music (and modern art generally) is the breaking-down of all traditional aesthetic conventions, thereby unleashing complete freedom in all aesthetic dimensions, including melody, rhythm, and chord progression.
MODERN (1900-present)
examples of modern music
POP, JAZZ, ROCK, COUNTRY, ELECTRONIC, RAP
Even the very notion of what constitutes “music” was redefined.
MODERN (1900-present)
