LESSON 6 GLOBAL DIVIDES: THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH Flashcards
UN’s Human Rights Chief Just Went There on Myanmar ‘Seems like a textbook example of ethnic cleansing’
By John Johnson, Newser Staff
Posted Sep 12, 2017 12:10 PM CDT
The top human rights official for the UN has dropped a damning charge onMyanmar: “ethnic cleansing.”
NEWSER
is a series of ongoing persecutions by the Myanmar (formerly Burmese) government against the Muslim Rohingya people. The genocide has consisted of two phases to date: the first occurred from October 2016 to January 2017 and the second has been occurring since August 2017.
Rohingya genocide
The crisis forced over a million Rohingya to flee to other countries. Most fled to __________ while others escaped to ______, _______, _______, and other parts of ________ and ________
Bangladesh
India, Thailand, Malaysia
South and Southeast Asia.
is a series of ongoing persecutions
by the Myanmar (formerly Burmese) government against
the Muslim Rohingya people. The genocide has consisted
of two phases to date: the first occurred from October
2016 to January 2017 and the second has been occurring
since August 2017.
Rohingya genocide
Served as United Nations High Commissioner for Human
Rights from 2014 to 2018
ZEID RA’AD AL HUSSEIN
said that Myanmar will not allow investigators
to fully assess what’s happening to the Muslim Rohingya
community,”but the situation seems like a textbook
example of ethnic cleansing,” per France 24 (a French
state-owned international news television network based
in Paris).
ZEID RA’AD AL HUSSEIN
He’s referring to the bloody crackdown by government
forces against militants in the western part of the
country.
ZEID RA’AD AL HUSSEIN
a study estimated in January 2018 that the
military and local Rakhine Buddhists killed at
least
24,000 Rohingya people
perpetrated
gang rapes and other forms of sexual violence
against
18,000 Rohingya Muslim women
were beaten
116,000 Rohingya
were thrown into fires.
36,000
The first and incumbent State Counsellor (a position
equivalent to prime minister) of Myanmar
AUNG SAN SUU KYI
swears troops are
going after only “terrorist” militants and doing their best
to spare civilians, but members of the ethnic group fleeing
the country tell a much different story of scorched villages
of mass killings.
The government of Aung San Suu Kyi
As of Tuesday (September 2017), about _______ had
crossed the border into Bangladesh.s
370,000
On Monday, the US joined those criticizing the military
operation.
“The massive displacement and victimization
of people…
And on Tuesday, Bangladeshi Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina
visited refugees in makeshift camps and
implored
Myanmar to allow them to return safely,
“Hundreds of years they are staying there,” she said.
“How
they can deny that they are not their citizens?”
Chinese Premier 2013-present
LI KEQIANG
Myanmar, however, got an important note of support
from China, which said it backed the government’s moves
toward
“stability,” per Reuters.
Meanwhile, more than _____ people have signed a
petition seeking to have Suu Kyi’s Nobel Peace Prize
withdrawn. (A columnist wrote a prescient piece back in
2014.)
400,000
The concept of a gap between the Global North and the
Global South in terms of development and wealth.
GLOBAL DIVIDES
Rich, Industrialized, Wealthy Nations
NORTHERN HEMISPHERE
Democratic Capitalist Countries
NORTHERN HEMISPHERE
Developing Nations
SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE
Non-Democratic Countries, Failing Democracy
SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE
home to all the members of G8 and to four of the five permanent members of UN Security Council
Global North
Africa, Latin America
Global South
United States, Canada, Western Europe
Global North
Developing Asia, including Middle East
Global South
Developed parts of Asia Australia, and New Zealand
Global North
The Group of Eight (G8) refers to the group of eight highly
industrialized nations
France, Germany, Italy, the United
Kingdom, Japan, the United States, Canada, and Russia.
NORTH
of the World
1⁄4
NORTH
of the North has enough food and shelter
95%
NORTH
of the North has a functioning educational
system
95%
controls four-fifths of the income earned
anywhere in the world
NORTH
NORTH
of the manufacturing industries are owned
by and located in the North
90%
SOUTH
of the World only 5% of the population has
enough food and shelter
3/4
“It lacks appropriate technology, it has no
political stability, the economies are
disarticulated, and their foreign exchange
earnings depend on primary product exports.”
SOUTH
has access to one-fifth of the world income
SOUTH
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH
Less population
Global north
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH
Countries with high wealth
Global north
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH
high standard of living
global north
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH
high technological advancement
Global north
high economic and educational development
global north
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH
large population
global south
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH
countries suffer from high poverty
global south
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH
low standard of living
global south
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH
less technological advancement
Global South
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH
low economic and educational development
global south
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH
agricultural
global south
LOCATING THE GLOBAL SOUTH BY
LISANDRO CLAUDIO
There are markers of global interconnectedness, even
global modernity
“THE STARBUCKS AND THE SHANTY”
“THE STARBUCKS AND THE SHANTY”
There are Starbucks branches in
Melbourne and Manila,
New York and New Delhi
All these branches look more or less the same
“THE STARBUCKS AND THE SHANTY”
“THE STARBUCKS AND THE SHANTY”
The sameness represents the cultural homogenization that
many critics have associated with globalization
The sameness represents the cultural homogenization that
many critics have associated with globalization
“THE STARBUCKS AND THE SHANTY”
there is a good chance that upon
leaving the coffee shop, you will meet a child beggar in
tattered clothes or walk a block or two, with your latte still
hot, you will find a shanty town
In Manila and New Delhi,
“THE STARBUCKS AND THE SHANTY”
Spaces of affluence and wealth in the developing world
may mirror the
Global North
“THE STARBUCKS AND THE SHANTY”
Spaces of underdevelopment in developed countries may
mirror the poverty of the
Global South
“THE STARBUCKS AND THE SHANTY”
There is something more confronting about poverty in the
global south, and the north/south divide is as
visible as the
processes of globalization that engender it
“THE STARBUCKS AND THE SHANTY”
The divide reminds us that globalization creates
undersides
MAJOR LENSES: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
North vs. South
Realism
Marxism
Liberalism
Constructivism
States are always in a state of “war” economically
REALISM
REALISM
is more or less competitive
The global community
Each state acts in its own best interest at the expense of
other states
REALISM
For example, USA acts for the best interest of USA.
REALISM
No one regulates this behavior
REALISM
REALISM
is considered be anarchic
International system
It is normal to be competitive
REALISM
States tend cooperate because anarchy exists
LIBERALISM
LIBERALISM
has been overcome by legitimizing power in
institutions; ie. United Nations, International Criminal
Court, World Bank, etc.
Anarchy
LIBERALISM
we behave on the basis on how others behave
towards us
Reciprocity:
Frequent interactions makes us interdependent to other
countries
LIBERALISM
“Anarchy is what states make of it”
CONSTRUCTIVISM
CONSTRUCTIVISM
States try to do the same thing
Logic of appropriateness:
Reality can be changed because it is only constructed
CONSTRUCTIVISM
Example: Global capitalism is strong because it is the
global norm. However, if we decide to change it, we can
change it. It is only true because we make it true.
CONSTRUCTIVISM
Class struggle among states
MARXISM
States are exploited by more powerful states
MARXISM
Smaller states provides resources and man-power to the
powerful countries
MARXISM
MARXISM
= imperialism/colonialism
Capitalism
Related to World-Systems theory
MARXISM
periphery
proletarait
core
bougeoisie
OTHER LENSES IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Global economic integration is not only
inevitable given the rise of new technologies; it
is, more importantly, a normative international
goal. To not partake to globality is backward
Globalism (Steger):
OTHER LENSES IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Dominant ideology of colonialism and the logic
that shaped the birth of international order
Civilization Discourse:
OTHER LENSES IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Outlined the historical progression terms of a
society’s capacity to produce and consume
material goods
Modernization theory (Rostow):
