Lesson 6: Fundamentals of Fluid Flow

Question 1

The amount of fluid passing a section of a stream in unit time is called ______________.

Answer 1

discharge

Question 2

If 𝑣 is the mean velocity and 𝐴 is the cross sectional area, the discharge 𝑄 is defined by 𝑄=𝐴𝑣 which is known as ___________________.

Answer 2

volume flow rate

Question 3

This occurs when the discharge 𝑄 passing through a given cross section is constant with time. If the flow 𝑄 at the cross-section varies with time, the flow is _______________.

Answer 3

unsteady

Question 4

This occurs if, with steady flow for a given length, or reach, of a stream, the average velocity of flow is the same at every cross-section. This usually occurs when an incompressible fluid flows through a stream with uniform cross-section. In stream where the cross sections and velocity changes, the flow is said to be ___________________.

Answer 4

non-uniform

Question 5

This occurs when at any time, the discharge Q at every section of the stream is the same (principle of conservation of mass)

Answer 5

Continuous flow

Question 6

_________ energy the ability of a mass to do work by virtue of its velocity.

Answer 6

Kinetic

Question 7

In connection to the action of gravity, ___________ energy is manifested in a fluid by virtue of its position or elevation relative to a horizontal datum plane.

Answer 7

elevation

Question 8

A mass of fluid acquires pressure energy when it is in contact with other masses having some form of energy. ____________ energy therefore is an energy transmitted to the fluid by another mass that possesses some energy

Answer 8

Pressure

Question 9

the sum of kinetic and potential energies.

Answer 9

Total energy or head

Question 10

the rate of doing work per unit of time.

Answer 10

Power

Question 11

Neglecting head lost, the total amount of energy per unit weight is constant at any point in the path of flow.

Answer 11

Bernoulli’s Theorem