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Earth and Life Science 2nd Grading > Lesson 6: Body Systems / Animal Survival > Flashcards

Lesson 6: Body Systems / Animal Survival Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Main system in charge of gas exchange

A

Respiratory System

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2
Q
  • inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide
A

BREATHING

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3
Q
  • use of oxygen to breakdown sugar (glucose)
A

RESPIRATION

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4
Q
  • a spongy air-filled organ
A

LUNGS

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5
Q

specialized organs for fish

A

GILLS-

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6
Q

Nose - Mouth - Pharynx - Larynx
Pharynx - Throat

A

Upper respiratory Tract

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7
Q

Voice Part (Upper respiratory Tract)

A

Larynx - Voice Part

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8
Q

Trachea - Bronchi - Bronchioles - Alveoli
Bronchi - Bronchioles - Small parts - Alveoli - Gas

A

Lower Respiratory Tract

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9
Q

Two types of circulatory system

A

Open and Closed circulatory system

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10
Q

Presence of hemolymph (a type of fluid for open ended vessels)
⁃ Open-ended vessels
⁃ Mostly invertebrates

A

Open Circulatory System

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11
Q

⁃ Blood is separated from the interstitial fluid
⁃ Arteries, veins, and capillaries
⁃ Complex

A

Closed Circulatory System

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12
Q

in charge of the circulation throughout the body

A

Circulatory system

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13
Q

pumps blood throughout the body

A

heart

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14
Q

Two classification of the heat chamber

A

Atria and Ventricles

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15
Q

Ventricles: ___________ atria: receive blood

A

pump blood

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16
Q

55% of the blood

A

Plasma

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17
Q

Leukocytes or Platelets are only _% of the blood

A

1%

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18
Q

Leukocytes or Platelets are only _% of the blood (WBC)

A

1%

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19
Q

Distribute important Substances around the body through arteries and ventricles

A

RBC - erythrocyte

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20
Q

Destroy pathogens

A

Leukocytes WBC

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21
Q

Repair wounded body tissues

A

Thrombocytes - Platelets

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22
Q
  • pump oxygenated blood away from the heart (Oxygenated)
A

Arteries

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23
Q

bring blood towards heart (Deoxygenated)

A

Veins

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24
Q

connect arteries and veins

A

Capillaries -

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25
Q

(Deoxygenated) Vena Cava - Tricuspid Valve - Right Ventricle - Pulmonic Valve - Pulmonary Artery - Lungs (Oxygenated)- Pulmonary Vein - Heart - Left Atrium - Mitral Valve - Left Ventricle - Aortic Valve - Aorta - Whole body.

A

Blood flow

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26
Q

Defense mechanism against pathogens

A

Immune System

27
Q

not built to defend against a specific pathogen

A

Innate Immune System

28
Q

⁃ Skin
⁃ Tears
⁃ Mucus
⁃ Saliva

A

First Line of Defense

29
Q

⁃ White Blood Cells (WBCs)
⁃ Neutrophiles - respond to bacteria or a virus
⁃ Easinophils - rolse in allergy symptopmps

A

⁃ Second Line of Defense

30
Q

⁃ Third line of defense that is activated once that innate immune system fails to protect

A

Adaptive Immune System

31
Q
  • Eliminate pathogens (built to eliminate pathogens - third line of defense)
A

B-CELLS and T-CELLS

32
Q

proteins that attack and remember a specific pathogen

A

Antibodies

33
Q

Processes information and responds to stimuli (control all body systems)

A

Nervous System

34
Q

nerve cells

A

Neurons

35
Q

carry messages from nerves

A

Nerve impulses

36
Q

Two types: Nervous System

A

⁃ Central Nervous System
⁃ Peripheral Nervous System

37
Q

⁃ Brain
⁃ Information processing organ and creates appropriate response to a stimuli
⁃ Spinal Cord
⁃ Connects brain to the PNS, collects and transmits information to the brain

A

Central Nervous System

38
Q

⁃ Sensory Nerves
⁃ Transmit signals from the senses to the brain
⁃ Motor Nerves
⁃ Carry signals from the brain to organs

A

Peripheral Nervous System

39
Q

⁃ Produces hormones that control different activities inside of various organisms

A

Endocrine System

40
Q

Chemical signals that is released to communicate with the body internally

A

Hormones

41
Q

⁃ produce hormones

A

Endocrine Glands

42
Q

process of food intake and conversion of energy

A

Nutrition

43
Q

Ingestion - Digestion - Absorption - Assimilation - Elimination

A

Digestive System Processes

44
Q

Animals use their oral cavities to take food inside of their bodies

A

Ingestion

45
Q

Mouth and Teeth

A

Oral Cavities

46
Q

The process of breaking food mechanically (Teeth) and chemically (enzymes)

A

Digestion

47
Q

The process where the molecules from digestion is taken by the cells and converted into energy.

A

Absorption

48
Q

The process of transporting the nutrients throughout the body

A

Assimilation

49
Q

the production of waste products that the body needs to expel (defecation)

A

Elimination

50
Q

Mouth - Esophagus - stomach - Panchreas - Liver - Intestines - anus

A

Digestive Flow

51
Q

removal of waste from the body

A

Excretory System

52
Q

NitrogenousWastes

A

Ammonia and urea (urine)

53
Q

Kidney -renal vein-artery - Ureter - bladder - urethra

A

Human Excretory

54
Q

UTI -

A

Urinary Tract Infection

55
Q

Provides firm framework and gives shape to the animal’s body

A

Skeletal System

56
Q

Hard covering outside the body

A

Exoskeleton

57
Q

hard framework inside the body

A

Endoskeleton

58
Q

Aiding in locomotion

A

Muscular System

59
Q
  • muscles that make up the heart
A

Cardiac Muscles

60
Q

involuntary cardiac muscle movement

A

Herat- pumpiung bloof

61
Q

-Attached to bones
-Movement (voluntary)

A

Skeletal Muscles

62
Q

muscles - Internal organs except the heart

A

Smooth Muscles

63
Q

⁃ stomach, intestines (involuntary movement)
⁃ Stomach grumbling, urinary bladder

A

Smooth Muscles

Earth and Life Science 2nd Grading (3 decks)

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