lesson 6 Flashcards
the foundations of information technology and clinical image management details typical daily operations and discusses rarer complications and issues
Practical Medical Imaging Informatics
- It includes many of the processes radiologists need to reach these goals
- Is the development, application, and assessment of clinical imaging information technology (IT).
- It includes the interface of IT and people
- encompasses all equipment, components, and accessories that products provide one or more of the following functions. Analog or digital electronic display, capable of being used for more than one image acquisition device
Medical Imaging Informatics (MII)
aims to promote information and advances relating to all areas of medical imaging relevant to clinical practice and the radiological sciences
Clinical Medical Imaging
is the application of informatics and information technology to deliver healthcare services. It is also referred to as applied BLANK and operational informatics. BLANK is concerned with information use in health care by clinicians
Clinical Informatics
Examples of clinical informatics or health information technology is
- EHRs
- bed management systems
- radio-frequency identification (RFID)
Radiology
- is a branch of medicine that uses imaging technology to diagnose and treat disease
- radiology may be divided into two different areas, diagnostic radiology and interventional radiology
- Doctors who specialize in radiology are called radiologists.
- The same as medical imaging
Modalities in Radiology Department , these include:
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- CT scan.
- Ultrasound.
- Nuclear Medicine.
- Anesthesia Imaging.
- Radiology (X-ray).
- Fluoroscopy.
- Interventional Radiology.
- Small amounts of radioactive markers
- are used for molecular imaging resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound imaging
- unlike conventional X-ray, CT, and Molecular Imaging MRI and ultrasound operate without ionizing radiation.
radiopharmaceuticals
Is a device that detects objects on or inside a person’s body for security screening purposes, without physically removing clothes or marking physical contact. Depending on the technology used, the operator may see an alternative–wavelength image of the person’s naked body, merely a cartoon-like representation of the person with an indicator showing where any suspicious items were detected or a full x-ray image of the person. For privacy and security reasons, the display is generally not visible to other passengers, and in some cases is located in a separate room where the operator cannot see the face of the person being screened. Unlike metal detectors, full-body scanners can detect non-metal objects, which became an increasing concern after various airliner bombing attempts in the 2000s. Transmission X-ray body scanners can also detect swallowed items or hidden in the body cavities of a person
Xray scanners
How does an x-ray scanner work
When the machine is turned on, x-rays travel through the body and are absorbed in different amounts by different tissues, depending on the radiological density of the tissues they pass through. Because of this property, bones readily absorb X-rays and, thus, produce high contrast on the X-ray detector
is a medical imaging procedures that uses computer-processed combinations of many X-rays measurements taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional images of specific areas of a scanned object, allowing the user to see inside the object without cutting
Computed Tomography Scanner. A CT scan , or computed tomography scan
Computed Tomography scan used for
combines a series of X-ray images taken from different angles around your body and uses computer processing to create cross-sectional images (slices) of the bones, blood vessels, and soft tissues inside your body. CT scan images provide more detailed information than plain X-rays do
How does a CT scanner work
During a CT scan, the patient lies on a bed that slowly moves through the gantry while the X-ray tube rotates around the patient, shooting narrow beams of X-rays through the body. Instead of film, CT scanners use a special digital x-ray detectors, which are located directly opposite the x-ray source
Which is better a CT or MRI
Both MRIs and CT scans can view internal body structures. However, a CT scan is faster and can provide pictures of tissue, organs, and skeletal structures. An MRI is highly adept at capturing images that help doctors determine if there are abnormal tissues within the body. MRIs are more detailed in their images
CT scan harmful to the body
CT scans use X-rays, which produce ionizing radiation. Research shows that this kind of radiation may damage your DNA and lead to cancer. But the risk is still very small your chances of developing a fatal cancer because of a CT scan are about 1 in 2,000.
A form of medical imaging that measures the response of the atomic nuclei of body tissues to high-frequency radio waves when placed in a strong magnetic field, and that produces images of the internal organs.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Magnetic resonance imaging used for
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses a large magnet and radio waves to look at organs and structures inside your body. Healthcare professionals use MRI scans to diagnose a variety of conditions, from torn ligaments to tumors. MRIs are very useful for examining the brain and spinal cord
What can be diagnosed by MRI
MRI can be used to detect brain tumors, traumatic brain injury, developmental anomalies, multiple sclerosis, stroke, dementia, infection, and the causes of headache
Is MRI harmful
An MRI scan is a painless radiology technique that has the advantage of avoiding X-ray radiation exposure. There are no known side effects of an MRI scan. The benefits of an MRI scan relate to its precise accuracy in detecting structural abnormalities of the body.
Disadvantages of MRI:
MRI is expensive ($1000-$1500)
MRI will not be able to find all cancers (i.e. breast cancers indicated by micro calcifications)
MRI cannot always distinguish between malignant tumors or benign disease (such as breast fibro adenomas), which could lead to a false positive results.
MRI safer than CT scan
CT scans are quick, painless, and non-invasive. MRI scans are not invasive, but they are noisy, take more time, and may cause claustrophobia (anxiety due to being in the enclosed space of the machine). MRI scans are costlier than scans. MRI scanners may cause a safety issue due to their strong.
What happens if you get an MRI with metal in your body
Metal may interfere with the magnetic field used to create an MRI image and can cause a safety hazard. The magnetic field may damage electronic items. Do not have an MRI scan if you have an implantable cardioverter defibrillator or pacemaker.
Will an MRI rip metal out of your body
MRI imaging is quite safe for human tissue, but introducing metal near the machines can be deadly. It’s that strong magnetic field that can prove dangerous if there’s any metal in the room when the machine is switched on, as the magnet will yank metal objects toward it.
Who cannot get MRI
However, due to the use of the strong magnet, MRI cannot be performed on patients with : Implanted pacemakers. Intracranial aneurysm clips. Cochlear implants.
What is an alternative to an MRI
MRI is the gold standard for some studies”, Shaver says, “but if someone has an implant or other condition that would preclude them from having an MRI, the alternative is a CT scan. In the past, the CT scan resulted in lower–quality images and the dose of radiation was higher”.
is a specialized area of radiology that uses very small amounts of radioactive materials , or radiopharmaceuticals , to examine organ function and structure
Nuclear medicine
