Lesson 5.5 Chemical Equations and Reactions.ppt Flashcards
What do calcium fluoride and sulfuric acid produce?
Calcium sulfate and hydrofluoric acid
What happens when calcium carbonate is heated?
It decomposes to leave calcium oxide and carbon dioxide
What does ammonia gas create when pressed into water?
Ammonium hydroxide
What are the products of the reaction between aluminum sulfate and calcium hydroxide?
Aluminum hydroxide and calcium sulfate
What is formed when copper metal reacts with silver nitrate?
Silver metal and copper (II) nitrate
What do sodium metal and chlorine react to produce?
Sodium chloride
What is the result of solid iron reacting with oxygen gas?
Solid iron oxide (rust)
List some physical changes that happen when a candle burns.
- Melting of wax
- Change in size
- Liquid wax turns into solid
- Some liquid wax turns into vapor
List some chemical changes that happen when a candle burns.
- Burning of the wick
- Burning of the wax vapor
- Wax vapor burns in oxygen to become carbon dioxide
- Candle wick burns in oxygen
What happens to a silver spoon when it tarnishes?
Solid silver reacts with sulfur in the air to make solid silver sulfide
What are indicators of chemical reactions?
- Formation of a gas
- Emission of light or heat
- Formation of a precipitate
- Color change
- Emission of odor
What is the word equation for the reaction between aluminum and iodine?
Aluminum + Iodine → Aluminum Iodide
According to the Law of Conservation of Mass, what does the total mass of reactants equal?
Total mass of products
What does the law of conservation of energy state?
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed
What are exothermic reactions?
Reactions that transfer energy to the surroundings
List examples of exothermic reactions.
- Combustion (burning)
- Neutralization reactions between acids and alkalis
- Reaction between water and calcium oxide
What are the two parts of a chemical reaction?
- Reactants
- Products
What is the general form of a chemical equation?
Reactants → Products
What is a chemical reaction?
A process where atoms are rearranged to form new substances
What happens to mass during a chemical reaction?
Mass is always conserved
What is a word equation?
A representation of a chemical reaction using the names of reactants and products
Convert this to a word equation: Solid iron (III) sulfide reacts with gaseous hydrogen chloride to form iron (II) chloride and hydrogen sulfide gas.
Iron (III) sulfide + Hydrogen chloride → Iron (II) chloride + Hydrogen sulfide
What occurs when a bonfire burns?
It transfers heat energy to the surroundings
What are oxides?
Compounds made up of an element + Oxygen
What are hydroxides?
Compounds made up of an element + (Oxygen-Hydrogen)/OH
What are chlorides/halides?
Compounds made up of an element + Halogen
What are sulfates?
Compounds made up of an element + Sulfur and four oxygens (SO4)
What are carbonates?
Compounds made up of an element + Carbon and three oxygens (CO3)
What is a formula equation?
An equation that uses formulas and symbols of the reactants and products to describe a reaction
What is a physical change?
A change that does not alter the identity of a substance
What is a chemical change?
A change that completely alters the identity of a substance
What is an endothermic reaction?
A reaction that takes in energy from the surroundings
List examples of endothermic reactions.
- Reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate
- Thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate in a blast furnace
What is the relationship between reactants and products in a chemical reaction?
Atoms are rearranged; mass is conserved
