Lesson 5 - The Particle 도 and 의 Flashcards
The particle 도 means:
too, also, indeed, even
It puts emphasis on the word before it, with reference to something earlier in the context.
It is often pronounced as 두.
The English words that correspond to the particle 도 fall most naturally at the end of the sentence, so that they may be widely separated from the word with which they belong.
Ex: 그 가수도 한국 사람이에요.
That pop singer is a Korean, too.
In a negative sentence, English substitutes “either” for “too”.
Ex: 이것은 수입품이 아니에요. 저것도 수입품이 아니에요.
This isn’t an import. That isn’t an import, either.
The particle 의 is used to:
express possession by linking noun expressions together in such a way that the first one modifies, describes, or limits the meaning of the second one.
It is pronounced as 에.
Ex: 남 선생님(의) 종이에요?
Is it Mr. Nam’s paper?
In this usage the particle corresponds to the English suffix -‘s
The particle 의 must have another expression noun after it. This may be the used with the unspecified noun 것 (the thing).
Ex: 그것은 선생님(의) 위스키예요.
That whiskey is the teacher’s.
[Lit: That thing is the teacher’s whiskey.]
OR
Ex: 그 위스키는 선생님(의) 것이에요.
That whiskey is the teacher’s (thing).
To express possession with “my” and “your”:
내 my (plain/intimate) or 나의
제 my (humble/polite) or 저의
네 your (plain/intimate) or 너의
내 = 나 (I) + 의 (posesssive particle)
제 = 저 (I) + 의 (posesssive particle)
네 = 너 (you) + 의 (posesssive particle)
Quite often a possessive meaning is present in phrases even when there’s no 의 :
Ex: 그 사람 우산
that person’s umbrella
There are 3 different ways to make a possessive construction:
N
3 different ways to make a possessive construction:
a) NOUN 의 NOUN
Ex: 크리스 씨의 선생
Chris’s teacher
b) NOUN NOUN
Ex: 선생님 와인
your wine
c) NOUN [squeeze!] NOUN
Ex: 선생님 것[껏]
yours (your thing)
Note: by “squeeze” here is meant that the pronunciation of initial ㅂ, ㄷ, ㅈ, ㄱ, ㅅ in the 2nd number of some NOUN + NOUN pairs like 것 (thing) can double in pronunciation, but not in writing.
