Lesson 5: Catabolic pathways for carbohydrates and proteins

Question 1

Amino acids can be absorbed along the entire length of the small intestine. True or False?

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Amino acids in the body are primarily used to

Select one:

a. Produce energy
b. Produce testosterone
c. Synthesise glucose
d. Form ketone bodies
e. Synthesise new proteins

Answer 2

e. Synthesise new proteins

Question 3

Ammonia

Select one:

a. In high concentrations in the liver may lead to a coma
b. All of these answers are correct
c. Is toxic and must be eliminated from the system
d. Can build up in the liver with liver failure
e. Is converted to urea through the urea cycle

Answer 3

b. All of these answers are correct

Question 4

Carbohydrates must be broken down into their monosaccharide constituents (and a small number of remaining disaccharides), before they are able to be absorbed by intestinal mucosal cells. True or False?

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Frome one glucose molecule, glycolysis will produce

Select one:

a. 4 pyruvate
b. 30 pyruvate
c. 3 pyruvate
d. 1 pyruvate
e. 2 pyruvate

Answer 5

e. 2 pyruvate

Question 6

Humans excrete nitrogen in the form of ammonia. True or False?

Answer 6

False

Question 7

Pyruvate is generally converted to lactate in aerobic metabolism. True or False?

Answer 7

False

Question 8

Step 1 of glycolysis

Select one:

a. All of these answers are correct
b. Involves the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate
c. Requires magnesium and ATP for the reaction to occur
d. Is negatively regulated by glucose-6-phosphate
e. Is a phosphorylation reaction

Answer 8

a. All of these answers are correct

Question 9

The pathway that breaks down glucose in order to generate energy, is referred to as

Select one:

a. Gluconeogenesis
b. Transamination
c. Glycolysis
d. Deamination
e. Beta oxidation

Answer 9

c. Glycolysis

Question 10

The transfer of an amino group from one amino acid to an amino acid carbon skeleton is called

Select one:

a. Beta oxidation
b. Glycolysis
c. Transamination
d. Deamination
e. The urea cycle

Answer 10

c. Transamination

Question 11

Under aerobic conditions pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA in order to enter the citric acid cycle. True or False?

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What is the net yield of ATP in the conversion of glucose to pyruvate (during glycolysis only)?

Select one:

a. 4
b. None
c. 2
d. 30
e. 1

Answer 12

c. 2

Question 13

What is the other term for the carbon skeleton of an amino acid?

Select one:

a. Ketogenic amino acid
b. α-ketoacid
c. Glucogenic amino acid
d. Urea
e. Ammonia

Answer 13

b. α-ketoacid

Question 14

Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding aminotransferases?

Select one:

a. Liver damage can lead to higher than normal concentrations in the blood
b. They catalyse deamination reactions
c. ALT and AST are two of the most active aminotransferases
d. They typically require a form of vitamin B6 as a coenzyme
e. They catalyse transamination reactions

Answer 14

b. They catalyse deamination reactions

Question 15

Which steps of glycolysis require the investment of ATP for reactions to occur?

Select one:

a. 1 and 3
b. 5 and 9
c. 8 and 10
d. 6 and 8
e. All steps in glycolysis require ATP for the reaction to occur

Answer 15

a. 1 and 3