Lesson 5

Question 1

They are characterized by an extended three-dimensional arrangement.

Answer 1

Solids

Question 2

The three-dimensional arrangement of solids consists of:

Answer 2

1. Atoms
2. Ions
3. Molecules

Question 3

Solids are categorized into two groups:

Answer 3

1. Crystalline solids
2. Amorphous solids

Question 4

The differences in properties of crystalline and amorphous solids.

Answer 4

The presence or absence of a long-range order of arrangements of the particles in the solid.

Question 5

It forms a regular repeating three-dimensional structure called a crystal lattice.

Answer 5

Crystalline solid

Question 6

In other words, the arrangement of atoms, molecules, or ions in a crystalline solid is such that the net attractive intermolecular forces are at their _________.

Answer 6

Maximum

Question 7

Their characteristic properties include regular geometric shapes, and flat faces when cleaved or sheared.

Answer 7

Crystalline solid (Chang, 2008)

Question 8

Examples of crystalline solid:

Answer 8

Ice
Salt (NaCl)
Copper (II) Sulfate (CuSO4)
Diamond
Minerals
Sand
Clay
Limestone
Metals
Alloys
Graphite

Question 9

They have a random orientation of particles. They are considered super-cooled liquids where molecules are arranged randomly.

Answer 9

Amorphous solid

Question 10

They do not have a long-range order but may have a limited, localized order in their structures. They also do not have a distinct melting point like crystalline solids do.

Answer 10

Amorphous solid

Question 11

Examples of amorphous solids:

Answer 11

Glass
Rubber bands
Plastic bottles
Cotton candy

Question 12

More than ___ of naturally occurring and artificially prepared solids are crystalline.

Answer 12

90%

Question 13

The repetition of structural units of the substance over long atomic distances.

Answer 13

Long-range order

Question 14

The basic repeating structural unit of a crystalline solid.

Answer 14

Unit cell

Question 15

The structures of crystalline solids are built from repeating.

Answer 15

Crystal lattices

Question 16

It does not contain an atom, ion, or molecule but rather there may be several atoms, ions, or molecules identically arranged about each lattice point.

Answer 16

Lattice point

Question 17

It has a similar attractive force in both type and strength. It is broken by the same amount of energy, thus, there is a change in physical properties of the crystalline solids change sharply.

Answer 17

Uniformity of structure (Berrameda, 2016)

Question 18

They have the same physical properties in all directions or are isotropic. Upon cooling, they turn into a brittle glass-like state from a flexible rubber-like state (glass transition).

Answer 18

Amorphous solid