Lesson 4 - Rizal's Life: Higher Education & Life Abroad Flashcards
Why did Rizal decide to study abroad?
Rizal chose to complete his medical studies in Spain after finishing his fourth year at the University of Santo Tomas
What was Rizal’s secret mission when he traveled abroad?
His covert mission was to observe the life, culture, languages, customs, industries, commerce, governments, and laws of European nations to prepare for liberating his people from Spanish tyranny
When did Rizal leave for Singapore, and why was it done secretly?
Rizal departed on May 3, 1882, aboard the Salvadora. The departure was kept secret to avoid detection by Spanish authorities and friars.
When did Rizal reach Barcelona from Singapore?
Rizal reached Barcelona on June 16, 1882.
What nationalistic essay did Rizal write in Barcelona, and under what pen name?
He wrote Amor Patrio (Love of Country) under the pen name Laong Laan, urging compatriots to love their fatherland
What other articles did Rizal author in Barcelona?
He authored Los Viajes (Travels) and Revista de Madrid (Review of Madrid).
Who was Basilio Teodoro Moran, and what was his involvement with Rizal’s work?
Basilio Teodoro Moran was the publisher of Diariong Tagalog and was involved in disseminating Rizal’s works.
When did Rizal enroll at the Universidad Central de Madrid, and what courses did he take?
Rizal enrolled on November 3, 1882, taking courses in Medicine and Philosophy and Letters.
What was Rizal’s student life like in Madrid?
He lived a Spartan life while studying and also pursued studies in painting and sculpture at the Academy of Fine Arts, and took lessons in French, German, and English
Who was Consuelo Ortiga y Pérez?
Consuelo was the daughter of Don Pablo Ortiga y Ray, and Rizal had an affair with her
When did Rizal join the Masonic Lodge Acacia in Madrid, and what was his Masonic name?
Rizal joined in March 1883 under the Masonic name Dimasalang.
What were Rizal’s motivations for joining Masonry?
He sought a shield from the abuses of friars in the Philippines and the Masons’ support in his fight against Spanish tyranny.
What were the aims of the Propaganda Movement?
The aims were to awaken the Spanish intellect to the needs of the Philippines, promote equality between Filipinos and Spaniards, return of Filipino in the Cortes, Filipinization of parishes.
Who were the key figures in the Propaganda Movement?
José Rizal, Graciano López Jaena, and Marcelo Del Pilar.
- a noted orator and a pamphleteer who had left the islands for Spain on 1880 after the publication of his satirical short novel, Fray Botod (Brother Fatso), an unflattering portrait of a provincial friar.
- he launched La Solidaridad, a biweekly newspaper in Barcelona, which grew to be the main organ of the Propaganda Movement, with audiences in both Spain and the islands.
Graciano López Jaena
- A lawyer who advocates for social change
- Was active in anti-friar movement in the islands until he was forced to flee to Spain in 1888, where he became the editor of La Solidaridad and took over leadership of the Filipino community in Spain.
Marcelo Del Pilar
What poem did Rizal compose in response to the* Circulo Hispano-Filipino’s* request?
He composed “Me Piden Versos” (They Ask Me for Verses).
What event led to student demonstrations in which Rizal participated?
Protests supporting Dr. Miguel Morayta, who advocated for the freedom of science and teachers, led to student demonstration
What was Valentin Ventura’s connection to Rizal during this near-detention?
Valentin Ventura was a friend of Jose Rizal. Rizal avoided potential detention because of “his plan to free with his friend Valentin Ventura”
What financial problems did Rizal face in Madrid?
Locust invasions and droughts in the Philippines delayed or halted his monthly allowances
What was the occasion for the celebratory banquet hosted by the Filipino community in Madrid?
It was to honor Juan Luna’s and Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo’s victories in the National Exposition of Fine Arts.
What were the winning artworks of Luna and Hidalgo?
Juan Luna’s Spoliarium won first prize, and Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo’s Christian Virgins Exposed to the Populace won second prize
Where did Rizal travel to specialize in ophthalmology?
Rizal traveled to France and Germany
Where did Rizal work as an apprentice in Paris?
He worked for Dr. Louis de Wecker, a leading French ophthalmologist.
Where did Rizal go after gaining enough experience in Paris?
He set out for Germany on February 1, 1886.
When did Rizal arrive in Heidelberg?
Rizal arrived in Heidelberg on February 3, 1886
Where did Rizal work in Heidelberg?
He worked at the University Eye Hospital under Dr. Otto Becker
What poem did Rizal compose in Heidelberg?
He composed a poem inspired by the blooming flowers along the Neckar River on April 22, 1886
Who was Dr. Karl Ullmer?
Dr. Karl Ullmer was the Protestant Pastor at whose vicarage Rizal stayed in Wilhelmsfeld for three summer vacation months
When did Rizal write his first letter in German to Professor Ferdinand Blumentritt?
He wrote the letter on July 31, 1886
When did Rizal arrive in Leipzig from Heidelberg?
Rizal arrived in Leipzig on August 14, 1886
What did Rizal do in Leipzig?
He attended lectures at the University of Leipzig, translated works into Filipino (William Tell’s story from German to Filipino, Hans Christian Andersen’s Fairy Tales into Filipino), and worked as a proof-reader for a publishing company.
When did Rizal depart Leipzig for Dresden?
He departed on October 29, 1886
When did Rizal leave Dresden for Berlin?
He left on November 1
What were some of Rizal’s activities and achievements in Berlin?
He enjoyed the scientific atmosphere, met Feodor Jagor, worked at Dr. Karl Ernest Schweigger’s clinic, became a member of Berlin’s Anthropological, Ethnological, and Geographical Societies, and published a scholarly paper titled taglished Verkunst (Tagalog Metrical Art).
Where did Rizal continue working on Noli Me Tangere?
He worked on it in both Germany and the Philippines
Why were certain pages of Noli Me Tangere deleted?
Due to financial constraints
What printing house did Rizal find to publish Noli Me Tangere?
Berliner Buchdruckerei-Aktiengesellschaft
When was Noli Me Tangere officially published?
March 21, 1887
What inspired the novel Noli Me Tangere?
It was partly inspired by Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Who provided the necessary funds for the publication of Noli Me Tangere?
Máximo Viola
What is the meaning of Noli Me Tangere?
Touch Me Not
What incident did Rizal face with the Berlin police?
The police suspected him of being a French spy and demanded his passport
To whom did Rizal dedicate Noli Me Tangere?
He dedicated it entirely to the Philippines
Who received copies of Noli Me Tangere immediately after publication?
Close friends such as Ferdinand Blumentritt, Dr. Antonio Jaéna, Mariano Ponce, and Felix R. Hidalgo.
When did Rizal and Máximo Viola leave Berlin for their grand tour of Europe?
May 11, 1887
What cities did Rizal and Viola visit?
Dresden, Leitmeritz, Prague, Vienna, Lintz, Salzburg, Munich, Nuremberg, Ulm, Stuttgart, Rheinhall, Schaffhausen, Basel, Bern, Lausanne, Geneva, Turin, Milan, Venice, Florence, and Rome
What did Rizal and Viola do in Prague?
Rizal visited Copernicus’ tomb
What river did Rizal and Viola travel on by boat?
The Danube River
Where did Rizal celebrate his 26th birthday?
Geneva
Where did Viola return after Geneva?
Barcelona
When did Rizal return to the Philippines after his studies in Europe?
August 1887
Where did Rizal open his medical clinic?
Calamba
What kind of reforms did Rizal try to introduce in Calamba?
He opened a gym to introduce European sports and discouraged cockfights and gambling
Whom did Rizal meet with to discuss his novel Noli Me Tangere?
Governor General Emilio Terrero
What was the Church’s reaction to Noli Me Tangere?
The faculty committee condemned the novel as heretical, impious, anti-patriotic, and seditious.
What actions did Rizal take regarding land disputes in Calamba?
He advised tenants to demand proof of deeds from landlords and encouraged them to refuse one-sided contracts
What personal hardships did Rizal face upon his return?
The death of his older sister Olimpia and unfounded rumors about him.
Why did Rizal leave the Philippines in 1888?
Due to government pressure and advice from Governor General Terrero for his own safety
When did Rizal leave Manila for Hong Kong?
February 3, 1888
Where did Rizal stay in Hong Kong?
Victoria Hotel
When did Rizal sail to Japan?
February 22, 1888, on the American steamer Oceanic
When did Rizal arrive in Yokohama, Japan from Hong Kong?
February 28, 1888
What were some of Rizal’s activities in Japan?
He learned Japanese, studied drama, arts, music, and judo, and traveled to various villages.
When did Rizal leave Japan to go to the United States?
April 13, 1888
When did Rizal arrive in America?
April 28, 1888
When did Rizal board the City of Rome from New York for Liverpool?
May 16, 1888
Why did Rizal choose London as a safe haven?
To improve his English, research and annotate Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, and escape attacks from Spanish tyranny.
What article did Rizal publish in La Solidaridad on March 25, 1889?
Los Agricultores Filipinos
When did Rizal leave London for Paris?
March 19, 1889
What society did Rizal found in Paris?
The R.D.L.M. (Redención de los Malayos) Society
When did Rizal depart Paris for Brussels?
January 28, 1890
What novel did Rizal work on in Brussels?
El Filibusterismo
What personal news did Rizal receive while in Brussels?
Leonor Rivera married a British engineer, an eviction petition that was filed and could only be heard by Spain’s Supreme Court.
When did Rizal arrive in Madrid to seek justice for his family and the Calamba tenants?
August 1890
