Lesson 4: Quality Tools and Idea Generation

Question 1

Are essential instrument used in various industries to improve processes, enhanced product quality and ensure customer satisfaction.

Answer 1

Quality Tools

Question 2

indicates start or finish

Answer 2

Oval

Question 2

Different quality tools

Answer 2

Flow Charts, Check or Tally Sheets, Pareto Chart, Fishbone Diagram, Scatter Diagram, Histogram, Control Chart

Question 3

Are visual representation of processes, widely used in multiple fields to document, study, plan, improve and communicate often complex processes in clear, easy-to-understand diagrams,

Answer 3

Flow Charts

Question 4

indicates input or output

Answer 4

Parallelogram

Question 5

indicates decision point

Answer 5

Diamonds

Question 6

indicates processes

Answer 6

Rectangle

Question 7

indicates flow of direction

Answer 7

Arrows

Question 8

A simple tool used for collecting and organizing data in a systematic manner. Typically consists of a table/form with predefined categories or criteria relevant to the task or processes being observed.

Answer 8

Check or Tally Sheets

Question 9

A tool identified by Italian researcher named Wilfredo Pareto, popularized by Joseph Juran.

Answer 9

Pareto Chart

Question 10

Also called as fishbone or Ishikawa diagram. It is a tool that identify and present all possible causes of a particular problem or effect.

Answer 10

Cause and Effect Diagram

Question 11

Indicates problem or effect

Answer 11

Head

Question 12

It is a horizontal line that points the effect

Answer 12

Spine

Question 13

It is the main categories of potential causes

Answer 13

Major branches

Question 14

Indicates specific causes within category

Answer 14

Sub-branches

Question 15

It is a tool that uses cartesian coordinates to display values for two variables for a set of data useful for identifying the relationship. It is commonly used in statistics, economics, and social sciences.

Answer 15

Scatter Diagram

Question 15

Scatter Diagram can be used in specific scenarios like:

Answer 15

a. Exploring relationship between variables
b. Detecting correlation
c. Identifying patterns
d. Comparing variables
e. Hypothesis testing
f. Quality control

(EDICHQ)

Question 16

It is a bar chart that graphs the frequency of occurrence of continuous data and is useful tool for displaying, summarizing, and analyzing data.

Answer 16

Histogram

Question 16

Indicates frequency or counts of data that corresponds to bins interval.

Answer 16

Bars

Question 17

Characteristics of Histogram

Answer 17

1. Bins
2. Bars
3. Continuous data
4. Shape

Question 17

It is the data that can take any value.

Answer 17

Continuous data

Question 17

Indicates range of values divided.

Answer 17

Bins

Question 18

There are (3); Normal distribution, __, and Bi-Modal distribution

Answer 18

Shape

Question 19

Benefits of Histogram

Answer 19

1. Visual representation of data distribution
2. Identification of outliners and anomalies
3. Simplifies complex data
4. Educational and communicative value

(VISE)

Question 20

It is a process-behavior chart, used in quality control to monitor and control a process. It is one of the (7) basic tools that is recognized in quality management and is widely used.

Answer 20

Control Chart (Shewhart Chart)

Question 21

Benefits of Control Chart

Answer 21

a. Process understanding - provides insights in process behavior b. Early detection - helps identify errors early c. Continuous improvement - facilitate ongoing monitoring and improvement d. Decision making - provide factual basis (PECD)

Question 21

(2) Interpretation of Control Chart

Answer 21

In-control Out-of-Control

Question 22

Types of Control Chart

Answer 22

1. X-bar and R Chart - mean and range 2. X-bar and S Chart - mean & standard deviation 3. P Chart - defective item in a process 4. NP Chart - defective item in a sample 5. C Chart - " in a count of defect per unit 6. U Chart - " accommodates varying sample sizes (XXPNCU)

Question 22

Components of Control Chart

Answer 22

1. Data Points - values obtained 2. Central Line - average or mean 3. Upper Control Limit - threshold above 4. Lower Control Limit - threshold below 5. Control Limit - set a plus or minus (DCULC)

Question 23

Methods of Generating Idea

Answer 23

- brainstorming - mind-mapping - brain-writing - scamper technique - role playing - story-boarding - synectics

Question 24

Also known as the "blue-sky thinking"; generate ideas to explore various possibilities within group setting. (Quantity over Quality)

Answer 24

Brainstorming

Question 25

It is a diagram of representing tasks, words, concepts, or items linked or arranged around central concept or subject.

Answer 25

Mindmapping

Question 26

It is an alternative method for brainstorming. It is for rapid idea generation that reduced pitfalls. (No conversation)

Answer 26

Brainwriting

Question 27

SCAMPER Technique means: (Problem-solving and creative thinking)

Answer 27

Substitute - replacing product to another Combine - merging two elements Adapt - adjust the product or idea (borrowing idea from another) Modify - change the aspect of product Put to another use - think of new ways Eliminate - remove parts of product that is unnecessary Reverse - look at the product from different perspective

Question 28

Components of Mind-mapping

Answer 28

1. Central idea - main concept or idea 2. Branches - main subtopics or key points 3. Keywords - triggering association and recalls information 4. Sub-branches - additional details and examples 5. Image and symbols - can make it more engaging and memorable (CBKSI)

Question 29

It is developed in 1950s by George M. Prince and William JJ Gordon. It taps a subconscious mind and foster a collaborative environment.

Answer 29

Synectics

Question 30

Key Principles and Techniques of Synectics

Answer 30

1. Analogies and Metaphors - using direct, personal, symbolic and fantasy analogies 2. Diverse Group Dynamics - bringing together individuals with same background to contribute to the company 3. Facilitation - train facilitator guides the group to the synectics process encouraging open communication 4. Creative Problem Solving - encouraging participants to suspend judgments and embrace ambiguity. 5. Stages of the Synectic Process

Question 31

What are the stages of synectics process?

Answer 31

a. Problem Identification b. Idea Generation c. Idea Development d. Evaluation and Implementation

Question 32

It is a method in which acting out a different character out of persona is the main task.

Answer 32

Role-playing

Question 33

It is a method in which it outline a narrative sequence of your idea. (Comic Strip or Animation)

Answer 33

Story-boarding

Question 34

It came from the word "synectikos"; to bring different or irrelevant things together. (Using analogies and metaphors)

Answer 34

Synectics

Question 35

It is a collaborative creation and development of ideas.

Answer 35

Idea Generation