Lesson 4: Other Serologic Test

Question 1

What cells that acts as memory cells so that by the second time that the same antigen enters the body, the IS will trigger its immune response by algorithmically rising the titer of the antibody to completely eliminate the ag to avoid infection

Answer 1

-T cells

Question 2

What are the two main acetylcholic receptor found in the body?

Answer 2

1. nicotinic type
2. muscarinic type

Question 3

T/F. AChR is also known as ionotropic.

Answer 3

true

Question 4

What term is used in muscarinic type wherein it does need any ion/s since it metabolizes the ions in that particular receptor site

Answer 4

metabotropic

Question 5

An antibody that is used to diagnose acquired myasthenia gravis wherein if increased or more than 0.03 nmol/L is already suggestive of MG.

Answer 5

acetylcholine receptor antibody

Question 6

An autoimmune that causes muscle weakness d/t a circulating ab that blocks acetylcholine receptor

Answer 6

myasthenia gravis

Question 7

What autoimmune disease char. by excessive fatigability and weakness, diplopia, ptosis of the eye, facial weakness, dysphonia and difficulty in swallowing and chewing

Answer 7

myasthenia gravis

Question 8

ACh that are not bound to the receptor site will be hydrolyzed or destroyed by

Answer 8

acetyl cholinesterase

Question 9

The AP should be enough in the SR in order for the calcium ion channels to open to ____

Answer 9

myofibrils = muscle contraction

Question 10

What is the hallamrk of Myasthenia Gravis

Answer 10

ptosis of the eye

Question 11

It is noninvasive and most common test in MG wherein its principle: Acetylcholinesterase is inhibited in lower temp and also, temp detaches the ab from the receptor

Answer 11

Ice test. if Pos in ice test proceed to more diagnostic and definitive test

Question 12

Are cholinesterase inhibitors that are definitive and diagnostic test. Side effect of these drugs are cardiac arrest

Answer 12

prostigmine
edrophonium

Question 13

A rare autoimmune disorder that affects the calcium dependent channels in the SR

Answer 13

Lambert-Easton Myasthenic Syndrome

Question 14

A defensive substance in the body that is a serine protease inhibitor

Answer 14

Alpha 1 protease inhibitor

Question 15

one of the most potent protease enzyme

Answer 15

trypsin

Question 16

Deficient or absent serum levels of AAT is used to diagnose __

Answer 16

emphysema

Question 17

A protein that helps or contributed the elasticity fo the lungs

Answer 17

elastin

Question 18

Emphysema is subdivided into two parts. What part is related to AAT deficiency, affectign the alveoli d/t loss of elasticity and is more common in young adults

Answer 18

Panacinar

Question 19

What type of emphysema that is d/t destruction of terminal bronchioli muchosis secondary to chronic bronchitis and found mostly in elderly peeps with long hiustory of smoking

Answer 19

centroacinar

Question 20

What is the chemical name for SACE

Answer 20

peptidyldipeptide hydrolase

Question 21

What is the other name for sarcoidosis?

Answer 21

Besnier-Boeck disease

Question 22

A multisystem disorder char. by formation of granulomas in the epithelial cells of the affected tissue

Answer 22

Besnier-Boeck disease/ Sarcoidosis

Question 23

Which of the ff. are used in diagnosing Besnier-Boeck Disease?

a. IV endrophonium test
b. Curare provocation test
c. Intracutaneous Kvein Test
d. Inramuscular Prostigmine test

Answer 23

c. Intracutaneous Kvein test

Question 24

A hormone system that regulates blood pressure and water balance

Answer 24

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system

Question 25

Stimulus of the hormone that regulates bp and water balance

Answer 25

decrease in bp and water retention

Question 26

What is the first action of Angiotensin 2?

Answer 26

Act on adrenal cortex

Question 27

Enumerate the actions of Angiotensin 2 in order

Answer 27

Acts on adrenal cortex to release aldosterone Active sympathetic activity - increase salt appetite vasoconstrictor ADH - water reabsorption; also known as vasopressin

Question 28

Also known as Scl-70 antibody

Answer 28

Antiscleroderma antibody

Question 29

A antinuclear antibody that is diagnostic for scleroderma especially for Progressive systematic scleroderma

Answer 29

Antiscleroderma antibody

Question 30

Angiotensin II will immediately inhibit all the vasodilator in kinin system. What are those vasodilator?

Answer 30

bradykinin and kallidin

Question 31

ADH also known as

Answer 31

vasopressin

Question 32

What is used in Scleroderma in order to diagnose the px?

Answer 32

FANA

Question 33

What pattern of FANAthat results to a total nuclear fluorescence

Answer 33

homogenous/diffuse pattern

Question 34

What pattern in the FANA wherein the fluorescence occurs at the edges of the nucleus

Answer 34

peripheral/outline

Question 35

What FANA pattern wherein fluorescence is seen in numerous numbers / scattered inside the nucleus

Answer 35

Speckled pattern

Question 36

Fluorescence at the center of the nucleus or near eccentric; seen as compact or solide pattrn

Answer 36

nucleolar pattern

Question 37

An antinnuclear antibody that is used to support diagnosis of CREST syndrome

Answer 37

Anticentromere antibody

Question 38

It is a limited form of scleroderma

Answer 38

CREST

Question 39

An antinuclear antibody that is used to support in diagnosis of the limited form of scleroderma

Answer 39

Anticentromere antibody

Question 40

the formation of tiny deposits of calcium in the skin

Answer 40

calcinosis

Question 41

a vasopastic disorder causing discoloration of the fingers, toes and other extremities

Answer 41

Raynaud's syndrome

Question 42

Associated with the poor functioning muscle of the lower 2/3's of the esophagus. It yield a wide opening of the esophageal tissue

Answer 42

esophageal dysmotility

Question 43

the localized thickening and tightness of the skin of the fingers and toes

Answer 43

sclerodactyly

Question 44

tiny red areas of the face, mouth, hands, mucous membranes ans even in the extremities; cause dilated capillaries that lead to extravasation of the RBC

Answer 44

telangiectasias

Question 45

Which of the ff. that causes the telangiectasias? a. calcium deposits to the fingers, knees and elbows b. dilated cappilaries in the surroundign connective tissues attacked by the Ab c. thickening and tightness of the skin d. vasospasm in the arterioles

Answer 45

b. dilated cappilaries in the surroundign connective tissues attacked by the Ab

Question 46

An antibody used primarily to aid in the diagnosis of the autoimmune chronic active hepatitis (CAH)

Answer 46

Anti Smooth muscle antibody

Question 47

t/f. ASMA is also used to diagnose SLE

Answer 47

true

Question 48

Which of the ff is true about CAH? a. also referred as lupoid hepatitis b. char. histologically by periportal necrosis and plasma infiltration in of the portacl tracts c. Manifestation should exist over 5 months before it is considered as CAH d. all of the above e. 1 is true; 2 are false. Identify which f. 2 are true; 1 is false. identify asa

Answer 48

f. only letter c is false kay 6 mos

Question 49

Type fo CAH where it is char. by the presence of ASMA, also has ANA and it the most prevalent

Answer 49

type 1 cah

Question 50

What type of CAH that is seen with othwr autoimmune diseases such as hyperthyroidism and Coomb's positive hemolytic anemia

Answer 50

type 1

Question 51

What type of CAH that is char. by the presence of antiliver-kidney microsomal antibodies

Answer 51

type 2

Question 52

What type of CAH that is dominant to pediatric and associated to autoimmune disorder such as insulin-dependent diabetes and autoimmune thyroid disease

Answer 52

type 2 cah

Question 53

type of CAh that is char. by the presence of anti-soluble liver antigen (anti-SLA)

Answer 53

type 3 cah

Question 54

Antinuclear antibodies that are extracted from the nucleus of thr human B lymphocytes

Answer 54

anti ssa anti ssb anti ssc

Question 55

What pattern presents the La and Ro under uv microscope

Answer 55

speckled apttern

Question 56

It is used in the diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome. iodentify if it is for primary or secondary

Answer 56

Anti-La (more specific) and ANti-Ro for primary Anti-SSC secondary

Question 57

An autoimmune disorder that affects the exocrine glands

Answer 57

Sjogren's syndrome

Question 58

T/F. Secondary Sjogren's is associated with autoimmune disease such as RA

Answer 58

true

Question 59

Enumerate the test used for Keratoconjuctivitis sicca

Answer 59

schirmer test rose bengal test

Question 60

A test for KCS that is done without anesthesia. it measures the production of tears. If positive, wetness of the eye measures <5 mm for 5 minutes

Answer 60

schirmer test

Question 61

A test for KCS that uses a supravital stain that stains the cell or tissue of conjunnctivitis and cornea of the eye

Answer 61

rose bengal test

Question 62

What stain is used to stain the surface of the cornea and conjunctiva

Answer 62

rose bengal stain

Question 63

Rose bengal stain is not a flourescein stain but a derivative. It is derived from?

Answer 63

tetrachloro tetraiodo fluorescein dye

Question 64

What scoring system is used in Rose bengal test?

Answer 64

Van Bijsterveld's scoring system

Question 65

A test that collects saliva and determine the volume of the salive produced in a 5 minute period

Answer 65

Salivary Function Test

Question 66

A lip tissue will reveal proliferation of lymphocytes/antibodies

Answer 66

lip biopsy

Question 67

it is used to assis in the diagnosis of SLE and MCTD. The antigen is extracted from the thymus

Answer 67

antiextractable nuclear antigen

Question 68

ANtibody that is sensitive to SLE

Answer 68

anti-smith

Question 69

antibody that is sensitive to MCTD

Answer 69

Anti-ribonucleoprotein

Question 70

Also referred as Fern TEst

Answer 70

cervical mucus

Question 71

It is used to indicate the timing ovulation and evaluation of infertility

Answer 71

cervical mucus

Question 72

It detects the ability for the cervical mucus to provide an optimal environment for the sperm cells to enter the fallopian tube

Answer 72

SIMS-HUHNER TEST

Question 73

It measures the ability of the sperm to penetrate mucus and maintain motility

Answer 73

sims-huhner

Question 74

T/F. LH and Estrogen is decreased in menstruation cycle esp. in the midcycle

Answer 74

false. decreased

Question 75

It is an abnormal dropping of the upper eyelid when the eyes of yhe px is looki g straight ahead

Answer 75

Blepharoptosis