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RSC101 - Introduction to Radiologic Technology > Lesson 4: History of Health Care and Trends in Health Care > Flashcards

Lesson 4: History of Health Care and Trends in Health Care Flashcards

1
Q

— Illness & disease are caused by spirits and demons
— Average life span: 20 years

A

4000 BC - 3000 BC (Primitive Times)

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2
Q

— Body was system of chanmels (ducts)
— Bloodletting was used when channels were “blocked”
— Average life span: 20-30 years

A

3000 BC - 300 BC (Ancient Egyptians)

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3
Q

— Used acupuncture to relieve pain and congestion
— Average life span: 20-30 years

A

1700 BC - 220 AD (Ancient Chinese)

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4
Q

— Hippocrates
— Aristotle
— Average life span: 25-35 years

A

1200 BC - 200 BC (Ancient Greeks)

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5
Q

— Father of Medicine
— Developed organized method to observe human body
— Recorded signs & symptoms
— Created high standard of ethics: The Hippocratic Oath

A

Hippocrates

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6
Q

—Founder of Anatomy
— Dissected Animals

A

Aristotle

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7
Q

— First to provide medical care for injured soldiers
— Physicians cared for ill people in their homes
— Hospitals established in religious institutions
— Began public helth & sanitation systems
— Aqueducts to carry clean H2O to cities
— Sewers to carry waste away from cities
— Claudius Galen
— Average life span: 25-35 years

A

753 BC - 410 AD (Ancient Romans)

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8
Q

— Physician
— Body is controlled by a balance of fluids (humors), blood phlegm, and bile
— Imbalance in fluids leads to illness

A

Claudius Galen

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9
Q

— Prayer & divine intervention used to treat illness & disease
— Study of medicine was prohibited
— Average life span: 20-30 years

A

400 AD - 800 AD (DARK AGES)

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10
Q

— Medical universities were created
— Pandemic killed 3/4 of the population of europe & asia
— Arab physicians are required to pass the exam before getting license to practice
— Average life span: 20-35 years

A

800 AD - 1400 AD (Middle Ages)

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11
Q

— Body dissection
— Michelangelo & Leonardo Vinci drew the human body
— Printing press allowed for distribution of information
— First anatomy book
— Trephining
— Average life span: 30-40 years

A

1350 AD - 1650 AD (Renaissance)

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12
Q

— 6500 BC
— Early form of therapy
— First known surgery
— Drilling the skull
— Cure for headache

A

Trephining

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13
Q

— Causes of diseases are still not known
— Ambrose pare
— William harvey
— Anton van leeuwenhoek
— Average life span: 35-45 years

A

16th & 17th centuries

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14
Q

— Gabriel fahrenheit
— Edward jenner
— Average life span: 40-50 years

A

18th century

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15
Q

Father of modern surgery

A

Ambrose Pare

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16
Q

Described circulation to and from the heart

A

William Harvey

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17
Q

Invented the microscope

A

Anton van leeuwenhoek

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18
Q

Invented the first mercury thermometer

A

Gabriel Fahrenheit

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19
Q

Developed vaccination for smallpox

A

Edward Jenner

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20
Q

— French Barbers
— Dimitri Ivanofski
— Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
— Average life span: 40-60 years

A

19th century

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21
Q

— Acted as surgeons
— Extracted teeth (leeches) for treatment and giving enemas

A

French Barbers

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22
Q

— Discovered viruses (1892)

A

Dimitri Ivanofski

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23
Q

— Discovered x-rays (1895)

A

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

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24
Q

— Most rapid growth in modern healthcare
— Many diseases were specifically identified, treated, and cured
— Standards of care were establishes
— Technology is integrated into healthcare and is used in every aspect of medical care today
— Carl Landsteiner
— Sigmund Freud
— Frederick Banting & Charles Best
— Sir Alexander Fleming
— George Papanicolaou
— Jonas Salk
— Francis Crick & James Watson
— Godfrey Hounsfield
— Louise Brown
— Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
— Ben Carson
— Dr. Ian Wilmut
— Average life span: 60-70 years

A

20th Century

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25
Q

Classified ABO blood groups (1901)

A

Carl Landsteiner

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26
Q

Formed the basis for psychology and psychiatry (early 1900’s)

A

Sigmund Freud

27
Q

Discovered and used insulin to treat diabetes (1922)

A

Frederick Banting & Charles Best

28
Q

Discovered antibiotic penicillin (1928)

A

Sir Alexander Fleming

29
Q

Developed the “pap smear” to detect cervical cancer in females

A

George Papanicolaou

30
Q

Developed the polio vaccine using dead polio viruses (1952)

A

Jonas Salk

31
Q

Discovered the structure of DNA (1953)

A

Francis Crick & James Watso

32
Q

Developed CAT scan (1975)

A

Godfrey Hounsfield

33
Q

First “test-tube” baby, conceived in a laboratory (1978)

A

Louise Brown

34
Q

First identified as a disease (1981); HIV (1984)

A

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

35
Q

First to separate conjoined twins; has pioneered many new procedure (1987)

A

Ben Carson

36
Q

Sheep cloned, Dolly the sheep was cloned (1997)

A

Dr. Ian Wilmut

37
Q

— Controlling the rising cost of health care

A

Cost Containment

38
Q

Cost containment reasons

A
  1. Technological advances
  2. Aging population (Rx)
  3. Lawsuits (malpractices)
39
Q

— Place a limit on the cost of health care
— Combination of Services

A

Diagnostic Related Groups

40
Q

— Health care facilities shop for services (laboratory, x-ray) to save prices)

A

Combination of Services

41
Q

— Patients receive care and are discharged home without being admitted to the hospital
— Surgical centers, physical therapy

A

Outpatient Services

42
Q

— Energy is a large expense for health care facilities
— Energy efficient bulbs
— consolidating work areas
— recycling

A

Energy Conservation

43
Q

— Created mainly as a result of DRG’s
— History shows that this is not a new concept

A

Home Health Care

44
Q

Home health care services

A
  1. Nursing Care
  2. Physical/Occupational Therapies
  3. Respiratory Therapy
  4. Social Services
  5. Nutrition & Food Services
45
Q

— Care for the elderly = people are living longer

A

Geriatric Care

46
Q

Geriatric care types of facilities

A
  1. Adult day care centers
  2. Retirement communities
  3. Assisted living care centers
  4. Long-term care centers
47
Q

— Using technology to provide care

A

Telemedicine

48
Q

Telemedicine methods

A
  1. Computerized (EKG’s)
  2. Remote (robotics)
  3. Video (surgery)
  4. Phone/Fax (reports)
49
Q

A state of being in optimum health as it relates to physical, mental, and social health

A

Wellness

50
Q

Wellness preventive measures

A

— Diet
— Exercise
— Rest
— Stress reduction
— Habit cessation

51
Q

— Evaluating and treating illness and disease which differ from current, modern medical treatment
— Enhance medical treatment being used
— Ayurvedic
— Chinese Medicine
— Chiroprotractors
— Homeopaths
— Hypnotist
— Naturopaths

A

Alternative Medicine

52
Q

Harmonizing body and mind

A

Ayurvedic

53
Q

Acupressure, acupuncture, and life energy (chi)

A

Chinese Medicine

54
Q

— Energy through nerves
— Spinal alignment

A

Chiroprotractors

55
Q

Body can heal itself with immune system

A

Homeopaths

56
Q

Trance-like state; veral suggestions; follow

A

Hypnotist

57
Q

— Natural therapies only
— Fasting, diets, and lifestyle changes

A

Naturopaths

58
Q

— Nationalizing health care is being considered because of rising health costs
— Government Health Care
— Taxes to help pay
— Health care co-op
— Managed care
— State-run health care

A

National Health Care Plan

59
Q

National health care plan goal

A

Health Care For All

60
Q

National health care plan potential drawbacks

A
  1. Insured paying for uninsured
  2. Limited choices of providers
  3. Limited Care
61
Q

Grouping of health care providers which provide care at lower costs

A

Health Care Co-op

62
Q

Employers provide insurance & government helps pay for poor

A

Managed Care

63
Q

Each state develops plans

A

State-run Health Care

RSC101 - Introduction to Radiologic Technology (8 decks)

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