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RSC101 - Introduction to Radiologic Technology > Lesson 4: History of Health Care and Trends in Health Care > Flashcards

Lesson 4: History of Health Care and Trends in Health Care Flashcards

1
Q

— Illness & disease are caused by spirits and demons
— Average life span: 20 years

A

4000 BC - 3000 BC (Primitive Times)

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2
Q

— Body was system of chanmels (ducts)
— Bloodletting was used when channels were “blocked”
— Average life span: 20-30 years

A

3000 BC - 300 BC (Ancient Egyptians)

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3
Q

— Used acupuncture to relieve pain and congestion
— Average life span: 20-30 years

A

1700 BC - 220 AD (Ancient Chinese)

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4
Q

— Hippocrates
— Aristotle
— Average life span: 25-35 years

A

1200 BC - 200 BC (Ancient Greeks)

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5
Q

— Father of Medicine
— Developed organized method to observe human body
— Recorded signs & symptoms
— Created high standard of ethics: The Hippocratic Oath

A

Hippocrates

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6
Q

—Founder of Anatomy
— Dissected Animals

A

Aristotle

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7
Q

— First to provide medical care for injured soldiers
— Physicians cared for ill people in their homes
— Hospitals established in religious institutions
— Began public helth & sanitation systems
— Aqueducts to carry clean H2O to cities
— Sewers to carry waste away from cities
— Claudius Galen
— Average life span: 25-35 years

A

753 BC - 410 AD (Ancient Romans)

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8
Q

— Physician
— Body is controlled by a balance of fluids (humors), blood phlegm, and bile
— Imbalance in fluids leads to illness

A

Claudius Galen

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9
Q

— Prayer & divine intervention used to treat illness & disease
— Study of medicine was prohibited
— Average life span: 20-30 years

A

400 AD - 800 AD (DARK AGES)

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10
Q

— Medical universities were created
— Pandemic killed 3/4 of the population of europe & asia
— Arab physicians are required to pass the exam before getting license to practice
— Average life span: 20-35 years

A

800 AD - 1400 AD (Middle Ages)

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11
Q

— Body dissection
— Michelangelo & Leonardo Vinci drew the human body
— Printing press allowed for distribution of information
— First anatomy book
— Trephining
— Average life span: 30-40 years

A

1350 AD - 1650 AD (Renaissance)

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12
Q

— 6500 BC
— Early form of therapy
— First known surgery
— Drilling the skull
— Cure for headache

A

Trephining

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13
Q

— Causes of diseases are still not known
— Ambrose pare
— William harvey
— Anton van leeuwenhoek
— Average life span: 35-45 years

A

16th & 17th centuries

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14
Q

— Gabriel fahrenheit
— Edward jenner
— Average life span: 40-50 years

A

18th century

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15
Q

Father of modern surgery

A

Ambrose Pare

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16
Q

Described circulation to and from the heart

A

William Harvey

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17
Q

Invented the microscope

A

Anton van leeuwenhoek

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18
Q

Invented the first mercury thermometer

A

Gabriel Fahrenheit

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19
Q

Developed vaccination for smallpox

A

Edward Jenner

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20
Q

— French Barbers
— Dimitri Ivanofski
— Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
— Average life span: 40-60 years

A

19th century

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21
Q

— Acted as surgeons
— Extracted teeth (leeches) for treatment and giving enemas

A

French Barbers

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22
Q

— Discovered viruses (1892)

A

Dimitri Ivanofski

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23
Q

— Discovered x-rays (1895)

A

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

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24
Q

— Most rapid growth in modern healthcare
— Many diseases were specifically identified, treated, and cured
— Standards of care were establishes
— Technology is integrated into healthcare and is used in every aspect of medical care today
— Carl Landsteiner
— Sigmund Freud
— Frederick Banting & Charles Best
— Sir Alexander Fleming
— George Papanicolaou
— Jonas Salk
— Francis Crick & James Watson
— Godfrey Hounsfield
— Louise Brown
— Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
— Ben Carson
— Dr. Ian Wilmut
— Average life span: 60-70 years

A

20th Century

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25
Classified ABO blood groups (1901)
Carl Landsteiner
26
Formed the basis for psychology and psychiatry (early 1900’s)
Sigmund Freud
27
Discovered and used insulin to treat diabetes (1922)
Frederick Banting & Charles Best
28
Discovered antibiotic penicillin (1928)
Sir Alexander Fleming
29
Developed the “pap smear” to detect cervical cancer in females
George Papanicolaou
30
Developed the polio vaccine using dead polio viruses (1952)
Jonas Salk
31
Discovered the structure of DNA (1953)
Francis Crick & James Watso
32
Developed CAT scan (1975)
Godfrey Hounsfield
33
First “test-tube” baby, conceived in a laboratory (1978)
Louise Brown
34
First identified as a disease (1981); HIV (1984)
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
35
First to separate conjoined twins; has pioneered many new procedure (1987)
Ben Carson
36
Sheep cloned, Dolly the sheep was cloned (1997)
Dr. Ian Wilmut
37
— Controlling the rising cost of health care
Cost Containment
38
Cost containment reasons
1. Technological advances 2. Aging population (Rx) 3. Lawsuits (malpractices)
39
— Place a limit on the cost of health care — Combination of Services
Diagnostic Related Groups
40
— Health care facilities shop for services (laboratory, x-ray) to save prices)
Combination of Services
41
— Patients receive care and are discharged home without being admitted to the hospital — Surgical centers, physical therapy
Outpatient Services
42
— Energy is a large expense for health care facilities — Energy efficient bulbs — consolidating work areas — recycling
Energy Conservation
43
— Created mainly as a result of DRG’s — History shows that this is not a new concept
Home Health Care
44
Home health care services
1. Nursing Care 2. Physical/Occupational Therapies 3. Respiratory Therapy 4. Social Services 5. Nutrition & Food Services
45
— Care for the elderly = people are living longer
Geriatric Care
46
Geriatric care types of facilities
1. Adult day care centers 2. Retirement communities 3. Assisted living care centers 4. Long-term care centers
47
— Using technology to provide care
Telemedicine
48
Telemedicine methods
1. Computerized (EKG’s) 2. Remote (robotics) 3. Video (surgery) 4. Phone/Fax (reports)
49
A state of being in optimum health as it relates to physical, mental, and social health
Wellness
50
Wellness preventive measures
— Diet — Exercise — Rest — Stress reduction — Habit cessation
51
— Evaluating and treating illness and disease which differ from current, modern medical treatment — Enhance medical treatment being used — Ayurvedic — Chinese Medicine — Chiroprotractors — Homeopaths — Hypnotist — Naturopaths
Alternative Medicine
52
Harmonizing body and mind
Ayurvedic
53
Acupressure, acupuncture, and life energy (chi)
Chinese Medicine
54
— Energy through nerves — Spinal alignment
Chiroprotractors
55
Body can heal itself with immune system
Homeopaths
56
Trance-like state; veral suggestions; follow
Hypnotist
57
— Natural therapies only — Fasting, diets, and lifestyle changes
Naturopaths
58
— Nationalizing health care is being considered because of rising health costs — Government Health Care — Taxes to help pay — Health care co-op — Managed care — State-run health care
National Health Care Plan
59
National health care plan goal
Health Care For All
60
National health care plan potential drawbacks
1. Insured paying for uninsured 2. Limited choices of providers 3. Limited Care
61
Grouping of health care providers which provide care at lower costs
Health Care Co-op
62
Employers provide insurance & government helps pay for poor
Managed Care
63
Each state develops plans
State-run Health Care

RSC101 - Introduction to Radiologic Technology (8 decks)

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